Improving Quality &Nbsp In June 22Nd; Promoting The Development Of Bazhou'S Cotton Industry

With the reform of China's economic system and the development of market economy, the layout of China's cotton production is constantly changing, and gradually formed a cotton production pattern with three pillars of the Yellow River basin cotton area, Yangtze River valley cotton region and Xinjiang cotton region.

The Xinjiang cotton region is located in the continental temperate continental arid climate zone. It is an oasis irrigation agriculture with the advantages of natural climatic conditions and abundant light and heat resources. It is especially suitable for cotton production. It is an important production base for high quality upland cotton and long staple cotton in China.

Bazhou belongs to the southern Xinjiang cotton region of Xinjiang. It mainly refers to the oasis plain along the coast and the Tarim River Basin.

The altitude is generally 800~1000 meters, the climate is very dry, the annual precipitation is 30~70 millimeters, the irrigation conditions are good, the accumulated temperature at or above 15 degrees is 3600~3800 degrees Celsius, the average temperature of the hottest month is above 25 degrees, and it is suitable for planting early maturing upland cotton and early maturing long staple cotton.

Bazhou has a total of 2 million 906 thousand hectares of suitable agricultural wasteland. In 2009, the total sown area of the whole state was 4 million 123 thousand and 900 mu, of which 2 million 499 thousand and 700 Mu was planted.

Among them, the area of cotton planting area of 2 million 48 thousand and 700 acres, the corps cotton planting area of 450 thousand and 700 acres.

Distribution and yield of cotton in Bazhou

Bazhou governs eight counties and one city, and is the main cotton producing area in Autonomous Prefecture. The relative temperature in the north four counties is relatively low, suitable for planting early maturing varieties and relatively low yield. The two divisions of Tarim, the farms in Korla reclamation area and the farms in Yanqi reclamation area are the main cotton producing areas of two agricultural divisions.

According to the development strategy of "one black and one white" established by the people's Government of Xinjiang autonomous region, the development of cotton industry in Autonomous Prefecture has made great progress. The cotton planting area has grown from 1 million 276 thousand and 300 mu in 2004 to 2 million 499 thousand and 700 mu in 2009, and the planting area has increased by 95.9%.

The main production area of the two division of agriculture was 418 thousand mu in 2004. The planting area in 2009 was 450 thousand and 700 mu, and the planting area increased by 2.4%.

The yield of local cotton increased from 120.1 kg per mu in 2004 to 132.7 kg / mu in 2009. The output of cotton per mu increased from 142 kg / mu in 2004 to 186.2 kg / mu in 2009, of which about 10% of cotton fields yield more than 200 kg / mu, and the yield of seed cotton per mu reached 630 kg.

In 2009, compared with 2008 cotton planting area, 2 million 757 thousand and 600 mu decreased by 258 thousand and 300 mu, with a reduction of 9.36%.

The area of the local cotton planting area was reduced by 21.84 and 9.66%. The cotton planting area of the Corps was reduced by 63 thousand mu, and the amplitude of the cotton was reduced by 12.66%.

The advantages of cotton production in Bazhou

Bazhou is famous for its superior natural conditions. Its light and heat resources, water resources and land resources are relatively abundant, which is conducive to the development of cotton production.

1. superior climatic resources.

Bazhou has superior natural climatic conditions, sufficient light and large temperature difference between day and night.

Under the condition of dry air and sparse rainfall, irrigated cotton fields are beneficial to cotton growth, less abscission of bolls and bolls, less rot in autumn, light diseases, showing long pile length, boll weight, lint percentage and grade etc., which are superior to those in the Yellow River basin and Yangtze River valley cotton region.

2. land resources are abundant, flat and wide, convenient for mechanized operation.

The cotton fields in the main cotton producing areas are mainly distributed in the piedmont plain with better water source conditions. The terrain is flat, the fields are broad and smooth, and the area is large, which is convenient for mechanized operations. It is conducive to scale management in cotton production and improves the technical level of cotton production.

3. cotton planting technology and technology content is constantly improving.

In recent years, new cotton planting technologies have been constantly implemented in all cotton producing areas, especially the wide film mulching cultivation technology, water-saving drip irrigation technology, and the comprehensive high-yield supporting technical system integrated with chemical control technology and integrated fertilization and fertilization technology, so that the cotton production technology level has increased year by year.

Current situation of cotton quality in Bazhou

After 1.2003 years of cotton purchase and opening, the high profit of the cotton ginning industry attracted a lot of funds. Cotton ginning enterprises of various economic types were established. By 2009, there were 104 cotton processing enterprises in Bazhou. Among them, 95 cotton processing enterprises adopted new processing and packaging facilities, and carried out the instrument public inspection.

The implementation of notarization inspection by the third party professional fiber inspection organization requires cotton processing enterprises to do well in seed cotton inspection, grading stacking stacking, grading and stacking processing in the acquisition process, and acquiring seed cotton from the source.

Through technological renovation, the processing equipment is fully equipped and complete, the processing technology is scientific and reasonable, effectively improving the processing capacity, shortening the processing time, improving the quality of cotton processing, and enhancing the competitiveness of the cotton market.

2. varieties of "multi, chaos, miscellaneous" caused the poor consistency of cotton fiber.

In recent years, the phenomenon of "multiple, chaotic and miscellaneous" cotton varieties is widespread. Cotton seeds can not be effectively picked up by picking, stacking and grading management, resulting in mixed grade.

Fiber consistency is an important criterion for measuring cotton quality.

Fiber consistency is good, the quality and quality of textile products are stable; on the contrary, the textiles produced are prone to deformation.

At present, large textile enterprises adopt modern equipment and standardized production mode, which requires high consistency of cotton fiber.

From the cotton business, some cotton batches of cotton in Bazhou have poor consistency and short staple rate. This leads to uneven coloring of cotton products, large amount of noil and low production efficiency, which affects the quality and stability of cotton spinning products.

3. in recent years, the shortage of water resources has reduced the amount of water flowing into Bazhou every year.

Cotton planting requires more water. Whether it can be irrigated in a prescribed time is of great importance to cotton yield and quality.

Therefore, cotton quality in Bazhou has short length, thick fiber and high horse value.

Factors affecting cotton quality in Bazhou

1. water resources are scarce.

Most cotton producing areas in autonomous prefectures are irrigated agricultural areas. The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation system is low, resulting in a large amount of water waste due to unreasonable irrigation.

In addition, in recent years, cotton industry has developed rapidly, land resources have been developed rapidly, and the amount of water flowing into Tarim River every year has been decreasing year by year, resulting in a prominent contradiction between irrigation and water supply and demand, and the shortage of water in cotton fields is more prominent.

2. cotton quality has declined.

Since 90s, cotton production has developed rapidly, but with the increase of cotton production, the quality of cotton fiber has declined.

The main reasons are: (1) cotton varieties are "many, chaotic, and miscellaneous", resulting in poor consistency of cotton fiber. At present, there are more than ten varieties of cotton planted in the cotton producing areas of Autonomous Prefecture, but mainly concentrated in 26 varieties of new land, 36 of new land, 40 of middle cotton and 43 of high cotton.

(2) due to the lack of water resources in different degrees, the length of cotton is short and the maturity is poor, which affects the internal quality of cotton.

More than 3. years of continuous cropping resulted in the spread of diseases and insect pests. In the cotton planting area of Autonomous Prefecture, the area of cotton fields has occupied 60% of the cultivated land, and all cotton cultivars are medium maturity (about 138 days) with long growing period.

The next year we had to grow cotton.

Many years of continuous cropping resulted in the spread of disease and insect pests, and also caused a single nutrient element in the soil, affecting the nutritional balance.

4. less labor and difficulty in picking flowers.

Although cotton production areas in autonomous prefectures are highly mechanized, the flower collecting process is still manual.

Cotton planting area per person is 1 to 1.3 hectares per plant. During the harvest season, labor shortage is very significant. Seasonal workers are not enough, which has caused great pressure to cotton growers and cotton can not be picked in time.

In the process of picking and planting, the "four points" work was not done, resulting in mixed mixing of cotton and the quality of cotton.

5. due to the influx of a large number of foreign flower pickers, the management difficulty in picking and stacking of seed cotton has increased, and the content of heterosexual fibers in cotton has been increasing year by year.

Especially in picking, there is no active and effective way to prevent the mixing of foreign fibers. When selling, they still use non colored cotton bags or chemical fiber woven bags, which makes the problem of foreign fiber more prominent.

6. there are 104 cotton processing enterprises in Bazhou. Cotton processing and design capacity reaches about 800000 tons of lint. According to the calculation of 500 thousand tons of lint in Bazhou area, the ability of cotton ginning is stronger than that of cotton production. On the other hand, it has limited resources. On the one hand, many cotton processing enterprises compete for cotton resources to meet the needs of processing. Therefore, in the acquisition process, there are different levels of mixed grade acquisition and cotton purchase, so that the quality of cotton purchasing decreases.

7. in the process of cotton processing, some cotton processing enterprises are not well managed, the process is not reasonable, and the quality control of the process is not standardized. Although some enterprises have trained a number of technical bone, they are skilled in the training of the skilled personnel, but they are not able to train the workers, and the technical personnel are seriously inadequate.

8. "white pollution" is serious.

In recent years, the development of new technology of plastic film mulching has made a great contribution to the development of cotton. But at the same time, it brings new problems. Under the condition of incomplete film recycling, with the ploughing and embedding into the ground, a barrier layer is formed in the soil, which affects the permeability and permeability, and impedes the growth of the root system of cotton, resulting in the problem of "white pollution".

Countermeasures and measures for improving cotton quality in Bazhou

1., we should strengthen the construction of water conservancy facilities, increase the utilization rate of water resources, implement water-saving irrigation, vigorously promote the drip irrigation technology in cotton fields, increase the yield per unit area of cotton and ensure the quality of cotton, thus increasing the total output of cotton.

2. in terms of cotton variety management, the main varieties should be determined in the range of similar climatic conditions, and uniform seed supply should be unified.

At the same time, we should actively cultivate and promote high quality and high yield cotton seeds, and use cotton varieties subsidy as the starting point, standardize varieties, and strive to improve the fiber consistency of Bazhou cotton.

3., we should strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases. We should increase investment in science and technology and concentrate on cotton specialized production belts in cotton cultivation technology. We should actively cultivate and popularize high-quality quality, identify main varieties, standardize varieties, and supply seeds uniformly, and strive to improve the consistency of cotton internal quality.

4., in the face of limited cotton quality, preferential measures should be taken for the computerized public inspection enterprises with strength, stop the small cotton processing enterprises and reduce the annual production capacity of less than 1000 tons of cotton enterprises, guarantee the amount of resources, avoid the bad situation of buying and buying, and create a good purchasing environment to form an environmental mechanism for the survival of the fittest in the cotton market.

5. in the process of processing, we should improve the processing technology and strengthen the cleaning of foreign fibers.

In the process of cotton embossing, it is impossible to pursue the production per unit area because of flower allocation, and neglect the index of the breaking strength of cotton spinning enterprises, the short staple rate of neps and lint, and so on, which have great influence on yarn quality.

At the same time, all cotton processing enterprises must strictly standardize pre job training, require skilled mastery of cotton processing technology and cotton quality inspection, and actively cultivate technical backbone.

6. as a functional department, the inspection institutions should further strengthen the supervision and control of cotton purchase, processing and sales.

We must strictly enforce the cotton processing qualification recognition system, investigate and deal with mixed and mixed grade purchase, mix mixed grade processing, check whether the process standard is implemented according to standards, etc. at the same time, take service as the purpose, take classified guidance in professional technology, and help the superior and the inferior, and strive to create a good cotton purchasing environment for cotton processing enterprises.

7. vigorously develop cotton professional warehousing.

After the notarization inspection, the cotton is sent to the local professional warehouse for storage under the premise of the voluntary and ownership of the enterprise.

After the sale of cotton, the buyers and sellers deliver the goods in the local professional warehouse.

Suggestions on the development of cotton industry in Bazhou

Cotton cultivation is still the main source of pure income for farmers in Bazhou.

The per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen in the state is 5787 yuan, and the income from planting cotton is 1761 yuan, accounting for 30.4% of the per capita net income of farmers in the state.

1. the relevant government departments should increase the supervision and inspection of the implementation of a series of encouraging policies to support cotton production, so as to enable the country's various preferential policies to be implemented to every cotton grower.

2. coordinate railway departments to increase railway pport capacity and deliver cotton in time.

3., if the cotton purchase starts in the new year, the market is unstable, the price fluctuates or fluctuates greatly, the state should continue to acquire cotton reserves (especially the acquisition of New Territories cotton into the National Reserve Bank).

4. with the acceleration of the openness of government affairs, all localities and departments, enterprises and units should disclose relevant information and release them in a timely manner for reference and use.

At the same time, it also provides accurate and reliable decision-making basis for decision-making of the macro sector.

5., the government departments concerned should take the lead in establishing long-term mechanism for departments to strengthen the links and communication between cotton farmers, cotton merchants, cotton spinning enterprises and government departments, and timely understand, help and solve the practical problems and difficulties they encounter.