Migrant Workers' Incomes Rose For The First Time, Pushing Up Industrial Upgrading In 12Th Five-Year.

A chain restaurant company in Zhejiang.

The company recently failed to recruit employees in Guizhou. Its package room and room opened 1000 yuan salary plus bonus treatment.

And the most important thing is that there are basically no young people in the countryside.

"The profits of the company are getting thinner and thinner, and the next step is to turn to high-end catering services and give up fast food."

Jian Bin, general manager of the company, told reporters.

In fact, the whole of China

The survey published in August by the Chinese entrepreneur survey system shows that the rising cost of labor has become the main difficulty faced by private enterprises, especially small and medium-sized private enterprises.

For the most difficult problems encountered in the current business development, the highest proportion of choice is "rising labor costs", accounting for 73%, which is 11.7 percentage points higher than that in 2009, ranking first among all 16 options.

Li Lan, deputy director of the human resources research and training center of the development research center of the State Council, pointed out that this shows that labor costs have risen sharply this year, and the problem of talent shortage has become increasingly prominent.

Yang Yiyong, director of the Social Development Research Institute of the national development and Reform Commission, believes that China

"In the past, many of our private enterprises or export processing enterprises were not accustomed to competing upward, and only used to compete downward. I pushed down the processing fee, but now I can't do it."

He said.

Peasant workers' incomes rose for the first time

Yang Yiyong pointed out that there was already a turning point in the labor market 5 years ago, but this situation really appeared. In the first three quarters of this year, the income of farmers in some areas increased faster than that of urban workers.

"The adjustment of wages is not only conducive to the relations between labor and capital, urban and rural relations, but also to the change of workers' and peasants' relations. I think these three relations are beginning to change."

He said.

According to the figures of the National Bureau of statistics, the average annual cash per capita income of rural residents increased from 1998 to 2009 in the 12 years, which was lower than the disposable income of urban residents.

The gap reached 4.7 percentage points in 2003.

However, the situation in the first half of this year is somewhat different.

In the first half of 2010, the per capita cash income of rural residents and the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 3078 yuan and 9757 yuan respectively, increasing by 12.6% and 10.2% respectively, and the actual growth rate was 9.5% and 7.5% respectively after deducting price factors.

Therefore, both nominal income and real income increase the income of rural residents in the same period faster than that of urban residents.

More specifically, rural residents' wage income increased by 18% in the first half of this year, which was 9 percentage points higher than that of Urban Households' wage income of 9.7%.

Gu Shengzu, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the judicial committee of the interior, and vice chairman of the Central Committee of the people's Republic of China, said that the acceleration of the rising labor costs is actually a manifestation of Lewis's turning point (the end of the demographic dividend and the supply of labor is less than that).

Gu Shengzu conducts large-scale research in more than 10 provinces and regions every year. He finds that the biggest problem in 08 years' survey and research enterprises is the difficulty of financing. The 09 year survey reflects the problem of shrinking market and decreasing orders. This year's survey is a common problem. Whether it is in the Eastern part of the coastal area or in the central part or in the west, it is generally difficult to work hard.

"Now the difficulty of employment has become the first difficult problem, mainly because the labor force has shifted from unlimited supply to partial shortage, and such a mechanism will promote the change of our wage formation mechanism."

He said at a forum held at Renmin University in September 26th.

Gu Shengzu also found an important change, that many enterprises not only raise wages, but also raise welfare benefits. For example, in order to encourage recruitment, there are companies who offer to find 10 workers to reward a gold ring, but it is still difficult to recruit workers, which may be related to the emergence of a new generation of farmer workers.

After 70, 80, 90 after the number of migrant workers has more than 100 million people, this part of people go out to work, is not just for the sake of income increase.

For example, in Anhui, it was discovered that many new generation of migrant workers left their original factories because there were no entertainment places nearby after work. Therefore, these migrant workers usually asked whether there was an Internet cafe near the factory where they were recruits.

"No Internet cafes, I don't want to go."

"12th Five-Year" industrial upgrading will accelerate

The competent authorities of the state have recognized the above problems. Considering that the Chinese demographic dividend will disappear during the "12th Five-Year" period, the state has already formulated the "12th Five-Year" plan, and proposed to vigorously develop strategic emerging industries and modern service industries, and emphasized that the advanced manufacturing industry should be highlighted in the manufacturing industry, so as to gradually replace some of the low-end manufacturing industries in the past.

Earlier, Guangdong, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian and other places all put forward the above plan.

At the beginning of this year, Li Yizhong, Minister of the Ministry of industry and information, also proposed that we should vigorously develop the advanced manufacturing industry, apply electronic information and other advanced technologies and advanced applicable technologies to machinery, automobile and other manufacturing industries, and significantly enhance the technological content and manufacturing level of industrial products.

Zhang Libin, a researcher at the Ministry of human resources and social security, pointed out that China's traditional industries, like textiles, are also facing technological upgrading, thereby increasing the pressure of productivity, so that the profits of enterprises are also increasing rapidly when wages are increased.

Gu Shengzu believes that the rapid increase in wages of migrant workers in China is conducive to the formation of a forced mechanism for enterprise innovation.

Because in the past, low wages were built on the background of low profit and low end market, and the latter industry has the characteristics of high emission and high pollution. Its disadvantage is that although it can produce large quantities of goods, it can not create brands.

At present, the total value of Guangdong, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Fujian four provinces will be increased to 400 billion.

The situation that these provinces will face may be similar to that of Japan in 60s, when Lewis turning point and forcing wages to rise at that time, "bringing the upgrading and upgrading of the industry is not a bad thing".

Jin Bei, director of the Institute of industrial economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that although China has gone to a period of increasing wages and welfare, it has been considerably improved compared with the past, but how to raise it is a problem, because the small and medium-sized enterprises are not yet strong enough.

"We hope that not only the industrial structure should be upgraded and optimized, but also all kinds of enterprises can achieve fair competition in this process."

He said.

The Chinese entrepreneur survey system also found that when the labor cost increase has become the main difficulty of the current private enterprises, the industrial pformation and structural adjustment with the enterprises are also accelerating.

For example, entrepreneurs who plan to invest more in the next year will account for 62.2% of the total, ranking second in all 13 options.

Li Lan pointed out that although private enterprises should continue to accelerate the pformation of development mode, the government should also solve the financing difficulties of private enterprises as soon as possible, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the private economy.

Because the survey found that nearly half of the private entrepreneurs "disagree" and "now is the best period for the development of the non-public economy". This proportion is obviously higher than that in 2008 and 2009. Nearly 70% entrepreneurs think that "becoming an enterprise is becoming more and more difficult".