The Role Of Textile Decoration Materials In Indoor Air Purification

First,

Most people can say that about 1/2 of their lifetime is spent in building indoor environment, especially housing, so the quality of their environment will directly affect people's health and home life. For this reason, housing is a matter of course for ensuring people's convenience and physical and mental health. In view of housing is an important place for people to rest and maintain their health, it plays an important role in people's physical and mental health.

But in reality, due to the use of interior decoration materials, air pollution in residential areas is caused.

Indoor air pollution mainly comes from the following factors.

With the improvement of the economic income, people's requirements for the beautification of the living environment become more and more comfortable. Before moving into the new residence, they have to carry on interior decoration and decoration, but the problem is also easy to arise. Some design schemes have not caused the hidden danger of indoor air quality from the very beginning, without using environmental protection materials or paying no attention to ventilation and lighting.

2, decoration

Interior decoration materials are mainly used for the surface materials of basic building materials, and play the role of protection, protection or beautification.

For example, paint, wallpaper, paint, plasterboard, plywood, wood flooring, carpet and so on.

Some of the raw materials used in the above materials and articles are traditional natural materials, some are waste or recycled materials, others are modern chemical products.

Many raw materials in the processing and production process also need to add various auxiliaries, many of which are volatile. When the product enters the room, volatile substances will be released. Bad building syndrome is put forward by foreign experts in recent years.

3, supporting furniture

Most of the buyers are concerned about the price, style and workmanship, but often neglect the pollution of furniture that is directly related to people's health.

The information provided by the environmental inspection center of China Interior Decoration Association shows that the air pollution caused by furniture has become another major source of air pollution in the living room.

Two, the harm brought by interior decoration

1, formaldehyde

Formaldehyde is one of the main pollutants in the room. Currently, the organic pollutants released by building materials in the world are formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds.

The average age of urban air is about 0.005-0.01mg/m3, generally less than 0.03mg/m3.

There are many sources of formaldehyde in the room. There are two main aspects, one is incomplete combustion from fuel and tobacco, and the other two is chemical products such as building decoration materials and daily necessities.

Formaldehyde is used as an important raw material for the production of formaldehyde in industry, such as urea formaldehyde resin and phenolic resin.

All kinds of wood-based panels may contain formaldehyde due to the use of adhesives.

Therefore, there will always be formaldehyde emission in any part of the large number of adhesives.

In addition, certain chemical fiber carpet, plastic floor tiles, paint and so on also contain a certain amount of formaldehyde.

Formaldehyde is a colorless, special pungent smell of gas.

Formaldehyde is mainly irritating to the mucosa. Low concentration of formaldehyde can cause cough, sputum, nausea, headache, insomnia, high concentration of formaldehyde such as membranous inflammation, rhinitis and pharyngitis, which can cause laryngeal spasm and pulmonary edema to death.

Formaldehyde can be absorbed by animal skin and respiratory tract. Animal experiments have confirmed the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde. Epidemiological studies have also found that people with long-term exposure to formaldehyde can cause cancer of the nose, mouth and throat, digestive system cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer and leukemia.

Western Germany, Japan and Sweden have formulated the hygienic standard of indoor formaldehyde for 0.1ppm, and the atmospheric hygienic standard of residence in China stipulates that the maximum allowable concentration of formaldehyde is 0.05mg/m3.

Indoor formaldehyde pollution is mainly made of self-made furniture, which contains urea formaldehyde adhesive. According to the determination of each plywood, 1 hours can release 3-18 micrograms of formaldehyde.

Indoor decorative materials, floor decorative leather and wall decoration wallpaper on indoor formaldehyde pollution and floor leather, wallpaper binder related to the indoor temperature changes, with the continuous escape of formaldehyde gas.

2, volatile organic compounds (VOC)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), commonly used by VOC, are the abbreviations of the first letter of the three words of VotatileOrganicCompound, but are sometimes expressed in terms of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC).

TVOC is one of the three serious organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds and aldehydes) in the air.

VOC is the organic matter whose saturated vapor pressure exceeds 133.32pa at room temperature. Its boiling point is between 50 and 250 degrees. It can be evaporated at room temperature in the form of air. Its toxicity, irritation, carcinogenicity and special odour will affect skin and mucous membrane and cause acute damage to human body.

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The main components of VOC include hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon, oxy hydrocarbon and nitrogen hydrocarbon. They include benzene series, organic chloride, freon series, organic ketone, amine, alcohol, ether, ester, acid and petroleum hydrocarbon compound.

The main source of VOC is outdoors, mainly from fuel combustion and pportation, while indoors are mainly from coal and natural gas, such as smokes, smoking, heating and cooking, building and decoration materials, furniture, household appliances, cleaning agents and human body drainage.

In indoor decoration, VOC mainly comes from paint, paint and adhesives.

The content of VOC in general paint is 0.4-1.0mg/m3.

Because VOC has strong volatility, in general, the paint can be emitted 90% in 10 hours after the construction, while the VOC in the solvent only releases 25% of the total in the paint drying process.

3. Bacteria

According to the survey, indoor 80min was gathered, and the total number of bacteria in the air was 4300cfu/m3 (impact method) and 44cfu/m3 (sedimentation method).

In indoor air with compound pollution, the total number of bacteria in indoor air reached 4000cfu/m3 and 33cfu/m3 when 20min was only CO2, and the concentration of CO2 reached 0.08%. At this time, a few sensitive people had a 24.1% incidence of unpleasant smell and discomfort. When the number of bacteria was 6000cfu/m3 and 75cfu/m3, the concentration of CO2 reached 0.15%.

Three. Textile decorative materials

Functional curtain

Functional curtain, its function testing, standard and demonstration need to be improved.

But some unique functions and high added value have attracted the attention of consumers and enterprises.

Functional curtains are also good, mainly in the following categories: flame-retardant curtains, antistatic curtains, photodegradable detoxification curtains, anti ultraviolet curtains, reflective and all shading curtains, anti-bacterial insect curtains, negative ion far-infrared curtains, scent and deodorant curtains, etc. many of them have the function of purifying indoor air.

Photodegradable detoxification curtain

Also known as photocatalyst or photocatalyst curtain.

At present, the development of cities in China is fast, and the consequent pollution is more serious.

And indoor non environmental decoration, some synthetic floor, home and textile products may have formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene and other volatile organic compounds in the processing process.

Indoor air pollution has accounted for nearly 1/5 of the pollution source. Indoor stoves, toilets, toilets, washing plants, flower plants, fruits and vegetables, animal plush and excrement are constantly emitting flavored gases.

Photodegradation of curtains can eliminate some harmful substances to a certain extent.

The mechanism is that the anatase nano TiO2 particles are added to the fabric of curtain by various processes. When the ultraviolet rays irradiate the surface of the particles, they produce highly active hole / electron pairs, holes have oxidation capacity, and electrons have reducibility, which can make formaldehyde and other substances redox and degrade into CO2 and H2O.

These electrons and holes will also adsorb positively charged bacteria or other organisms in the air to their surface, react neutralizes, inhibit bacterial respiration and cause bacteria to die due to breakage of cell walls and cell membranes.

Therefore, the curtain is used in windows with sunlight or light, and the purification effect is better.

Antibacterial and insect proof curtain

Antibacterial curtains can inhibit the growth of bacteria and mold, eliminate odor caused by bacterial breeding, and prevent the spread of certain diseases.

Curtain materials include: natural antibacterial fiber, such as chitin fiber, hemp fiber, bamboo fiber; metal fiber, such as silver, copper, nickel chromium alloy and so on; more applications are fiber added antibacterial agent in ordinary fibers.

Commonly used antimicrobial agents are inorganic antibacterial agents and organic antibacterial agents.

Inorganic antibacterial agents are mainly silver, copper, zinc ions and some metal oxides such as ZnO and TiO2.

There are many kinds of organic antibacterial agents, such as organometallic compounds, halides, isothiazole, Ji Anyan, two phenyl ethers and organic nitrogen compounds.

The insect repellent effect can be achieved by adding insect repellent in the process of curtain fabric production.

(3) negative ion curtain

With the expansion of the city, the greening area is relatively reduced, and the number of negative ions in the air is relatively low.

Negative curtains can emit more negative ions to human body under certain temperature, humidity, light and motion conditions.

The curtain adds some mineral Micronized Powder, such as tourmaline, odd ice stone and opal, which can activate negative ions in the air.

The negative oxygen ions are the oxygen molecules that capture an electron. The negative oxygen ions can combine with positive particles such as bacteria, dust and smoke, and gather balls into the ground, thus playing a role in killing and eliminating peculiar smell, such as odor produced by harmful gases released from cigarette smoke and decoration materials.

Research shows that when the concentration of negative oxygen ions reaches 10000, the amount of dust in the air will be reduced.

(4) fragrance and deodorizing curtain

The fragrant microcapsules will be added to the curtain fabric and will give a faint fragrance in a certain period.

Certain scents have certain health functions for the human body, such as refreshing or hypnotizing, inhibiting or promoting appetite, slowing down headaches, clearing the mind and calming the body. The deodorant curtains add some antibacterial and adsorptive substances in curtain fabrics, such as bamboo charcoal, which can adsorb and decompose odor to a certain extent.

2, wallpaper (cloth)

The materials such as negative ion far-infrared, antibacterial and deodorizing, photocatalysis and other materials can be applied to decorative materials such as wallpaper and wall cloth by impregnation or spraying.

3. New textile decorative materials

At present, there are many functional textile decorative materials at home and abroad, such as the multifunctional curtain or wallpaper mentioned above.

But in recent years, more attention has been focused on textile decoration materials for indoor air purification at home and abroad.

For example, Japan mainly studies the elimination of odor in indoor environment such as formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, acetic acid and cigarettes, while in Europe it focuses on textile decoration materials to increase aroma and to absorb or cover bad indoor gases.

In recent years, the harm of noise to human body has attracted more and more attention.

Noise can cause physical and psychological harm to people. It mainly damages the hearing in the following aspects.

Tests show that when people listen to the sound of a motorcycle for hours, it will be impaired if they are in the rock concert hall. Half an hour later, the people's hearing will be damaged.

The cardiovascular system that is harmful to people, the survey of urban noise and health in China shows that the incidence of hypertension increases by 3% per decibels.

It affects people's nervous system, making people irritable and irritable.

Affect sleep, cause fatigue and so on.

At present, research has begun to reduce noise hazards by applying textile auxiliaries to indoor materials such as curtain cloth and wallpaper.

Four, textile finishing materials finishing face test

Beijing Sino Textile Chemical Co., Ltd. has been engaged in the research of textile auxiliaries for a long time. Our company's research on functional auxiliaries in recent years has increased investment.

The negative ion far-infrared finishing agent, fragrance finishing agent and antibacterial deodorant finishing agent produced by China Textile Chemical Co., Ltd. are widely applied in home textile enterprises and interior decoration materials.

It can effectively improve indoor air quality by impregnating and spraying on curtain, wallpaper, wall cloth and so on.

We have applied multifunctional compound finishing agents to decorative curtain fabrics for indoor air quality testing. The results are as follows:

Formaldehyde hour: blank warehouse 49mg/m3, sample bin 0.12mg/m3

Total bacterial count: initial 12300cfu/m3, 2 hours 2520cfu/m3, negative ion number 2200 /cm3

Inspection basis: GB50325-2001, GB/T18204, 25-2000, GB/T18204.26-2000, GB11737-1989

Inspection items: removal rate of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene and total volatile organic compounds in air

The above test results show that textile auxiliaries provided by Beijing China Textile Chemical Co., Ltd. can effectively improve the quality of indoor air, reduce the total number of bacteria in the air, increase the total number of negative ions in indoor air, and remove harmful gases such as formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, total volatile organic compounds and other harmful gases in the air.

Five. Conclusion

With the introduction of the concept of sustainable development and green design in the modern residential environment design, indoor air quality problems are attracting more and more attention. People are more interested in those textile decorative materials with many functions when they are carrying out interior decoration. They hope to beautify the indoor environment and improve the indoor air quality. I believe that in the future room environment, the air will definitely achieve a clean, environment-friendly, and conducive to people's physical and mental health standards.