Where Are The Difficulties Of The New Generation Of Migrant Workers?

What is the way out for the new generation of migrant workers whose total number is around one hundred million? Is it the way to go back to their hometown to start their own businesses or continue to work? Is it a realistic choice to encourage the new generation of migrant workers without funds and lack of experience and guidance?

Although Xiao Li is a Xinxiang native in Henan, he can speak fluent Beijing dialect.

He was born in Beijing at the age of 16.

His parents came to work in Beijing in the early 80s.

Xiao Li said he had no memory of his hometown. He graduated from junior high school this year, and he did not plan to return home. He was prepared to learn some skills and stay in Beijing to work.

Like Xiao Li, who was born in the city or was born in the countryside, but later came to work in the city, he was not familiar with agriculture, rural areas, land, farmers and so on.

Zhai Yujuan, a professor at Shenzhen University, who has participated in the survey of the living conditions of the new generation of migrant workers in Shenzhen, has found that for the future plan, the new generation of migrant workers choose to return to their hometown to start their business and account for more than half of them.

In the new generation of migrant workers, a popular saying is "don't work hard". They think that they can't work for a lifetime.

In fact, some labor-intensive enterprises seem to be destined to eat their youth for the age limit of the 30 year old employees.

Entrepreneurship is an impulse, but also a choice.

Li Ming, 25, was exhausted and had a hoarse voice. In order to find a suitable store to open a clothing store, he and his girlfriend had been on the streets of Shenzhen, Dongguan and Huizhou for several days.

Li Ming resigned from the factory two years ago and went out to start his own business. He said he was "driven to the top".

"In 2001, I worked late at a shoe factory in Dongguan. I went to work at 7 in the morning, leaving work at 11:30 in the evening and only 400 yuan a month. You can't imagine what life is like."

Such a life, Li Ming also insisted on becoming a small cadre, "when the wages of cadres are also very poor, senior executives no matter whether workers live or die, as long as the output and progress, I can not withstand the pressure, come out of their own."

"The most important psychological feature of the new generation of migrant workers is the lack of hope. The first generation of migrant workers still have the hope of building houses at home.

Like Li Ming, many workers resigned from the factory because of low wages, heavy work pressure and great labor intensity. In Shenzhen, a staff member of more than ten thousand shoe factories said that the workers they knew were resigned every year to start their own businesses. Some went back to the cities or towns where their hometown was located, some went to other cities and stayed in Shenzhen less.

They have food, restaurants and clothing stores.

Many of the new generation peasant workers have no land, lack of farming skills, and yearn for the beauty of the city. The great difference between their parents and their parents is that they have a home but do not want to go back, but they can not really come in, but the new generation of migrant workers between the city and the countryside become the "floating city" marginal people.

Capital, knowledge and experience become obstacles.

"Entrepreneurship is also killing teeth." Li Ming, who is preparing to open second clothing stores, said that the most difficult factor is external factors. The law and order is very poor. "The original job can not save much money. Starting a business can only choose the bad location roads. Sometimes business is done well, and suddenly someone is asking for money, which is not uncommon."

For the new generation of migrant workers coming out from the labor-intensive factories, start-up capital is undoubtedly a huge stumbling block.

Li Ming, who is talking about the cost of entering the shopping mall with a large shopping mall, regrets that "the shopping mall with a slight flow of people is 30 thousand of the entrance fee, which is only a qualification to do business here."

Li Ming, who opened a clothing store, said that when he took the goods, he did not dare to consider the brand men's clothing. The purchase would have to be more than ten thousand, and it could only be done at the low end, and women's clothing could be purchased in Shenzhen.

Lack of social experience and entrepreneurial knowledge

This is also a tough job for the new generation of migrant workers to start their own businesses. Zhou Xudi and his cousin, who have resigned and started their own business in Jiangxi, have all suffered losses. Zhou Xudi's milk tea shop, because of improper location and decoration style, led to a cold business. After the 40 thousand yuan of venture capital was spent with friends, the milk tea shop was also unsustainable.

Her cousin's clothing store in her home is not allowed to find the way to get the goods, not familiar with the computer online order and other problems, and has been difficult to solve.

"Although I want to start a business with all my heart, I don't have the money to learn how to start a business, how to manage it, calculate benefits, and I don't know where to learn". Zhou Xudi, who failed in entrepreneurship, is not sure about his future entrepreneurial ideas.

Zhai Yujuan, a professor at Shenzhen University School of law who has many exchanges with the new generation of migrant workers, feels that the desire of the new generation of migrant workers to start a business is very strong. They hope that even if they can not stand in a big city, they have to go to the small and medium-sized cities. Entrepreneurship is an option for them to take root in cities, but they can not give them hope in a labor-intensive enterprise.

Where is the way out in the future?

If you can't work in a factory for a lifetime and start a business trip, what is the way to go? How should the rural migrant workers go? The state and local governments should have some support for the new generation of migrant workers, such as the processing of agricultural products, give them preferential treatment, support them to do so, and many cities have already had many such systems, so we must put them into practice, so that entrepreneurs can enjoy substantial benefits.

In addition, we can not rely on entrepreneurship to solve the problem of migrant workers. Its main body still relies on the city's manufacturing and service industries to absorb a large number of new generation of migrant workers. They still need to be manufacturing workers and service workers. The key problem is to create better working conditions and more training opportunities for them.