Eating, Drinking, Speaking, "Ritual": The Leaders Of The Republic Are All Alike At The State Banquet.

Zhou Enlai held a banquet to welcome Nixon.

State banquet is not only related to superb cooking skills, but also involves complicated diplomatic and political factors.

The chef at the state banquet is most concerned about the impromptu exertion of the guest toast. If the time of speech exceeds the predetermined length, the cooked dishes will become cooler, and the original taste will be lost.

Although there are not many dishes in the state banquet, the requirements for the heat, color, temperature and so on are very high. The time and speed for the waiter to serve the dishes are measured and trained repeatedly, requiring the service personnel to be familiar with the flavor, the time of cooking and the cooking time of all the dishes in the banquet, so that they can have a good number in the heart, and timely communicate with the kitchen.

Although there are few dishes in the Great Hall of the people's banquet, the cooking techniques are very elaborate. Stew, boil, boil, steamed, fry, skim, braise, explode and grill.

Formulating the national banquet menu not only needs to understand the guests' habits and taboos, tastes, hobbies and age, physical condition, but also takes account of factors such as season, climate, food ingredients, nutrition and so on.

The raw materials for the state banquet are bird's nest, Thailand's official swallow, shark fin, South Korean sea pole, Dalian abalone, shrimp of Shandong, Jiji fish, sheep outside Zhangjiakou, lobster in Fujian, shad in Zhenjiang, golden jujube in Leling, etc.

The raw materials used for cooking can only be cooked at high quality during the best quality period.

Therefore, the shad must catch mandarin fish before and after the Dragon Boat Festival. When the peach is in full bloom, even the radish used in the state banquet needs frost.

The rapeseed used in the state banquet is only 3 inches and half, and the leaves are green and thick. When the processing is done, the dishes are removed, leaving only 3 leaves tender.

If the roots of the rape are sharpened and carrot strips inserted, this is a fine processed banquet, vegetarian dish: parrot dish.

The "Chinese wolfberry stewed beef" at the state banquet should be made from the underage vegetables, and the pork should be picked out. The meat outside the ribs should be removed. Only rib meat should be cut into the same size squares. Then the butchered meat and beef bones of the large adult cattle should be matched. The stew of beef and beef is slowly simmered, and then the adult beef and beef bone can be picked up.

The Lycium barbarum is only the best produced in Gansu. The Chinese wolfberry stewed beef is clear and fragrant, with crispy beef and soft mouthfeel.

The state banquet held in the Great Hall of the people usually has a fixed procedure to show its solemnity.

When the ambassador walked into the banquet hall of the Great Hall of the people, the band of the PLA played the welcome song.

In the banquet hall, the lights were brilliant, and the atmosphere was full of joy. The banquet hall attendant stood on the right side of the host's seat, smiling and invited to the banquet.

On the table, there are four or five kinds of cold dishes on each table, including duck, pork, vegetarian ham and so on.

After the guest and the guest delivered their speeches, the men and women waiters arranged in a row at the gate of the western kitchen leading to the state banquet hall.

At this time, the music of the military band playing the welcome song is very high, and it can also disguise the sound of a waiter who accidentally touches the utensils. This can be regarded as a preventive technique for the coordination between the military band and the waiters, which can reflect a warm atmosphere and cooperate with the reception work of the waiter.

After the official opening of the state banquet, the guest who has already sat down will have to stand up. The military band plays the national anthem and the National Anthem of the host country. The service personnel at the scene must stop their work and stand in situ no matter what they are doing.

Attendants at the main guest table should be taken care of at the time of the guests' attendance. The other attendants at the scene should avoid both sides orderly and keep quiet in the field.

The waiter, who is responsible for serving the wine table, should put in a glass of wine in advance and put it on the side of the small wine dish and stand on the side of the podium. The speech will be served immediately, with the guests and masters serving the toast and taking care of the wine.

The cooked food of the state banquet is a special food cart pushed out from the kitchen.

The order of serving dishes is usually a soup before hot dishes, followed by meat dishes and vegetarian dishes.

The first course of the state banquet is often the most expensive main dish.

Hot dishes are usually three meat and vegetable. After the guests finish eating a dish, there is a waiter who watches the table in time to change a dish.

After the main course, dessert and fruit.

Fruit is based on season, kiwi, grapes, watermelon and so on, generally do not fix a certain kind.

In the course of the banquet, the military band should play the Chinese famous songs and the famous songs of the foreign countries.

Every time the meal is served, the attendants clean and disinfect tableware, chopsticks, plates, bowls and other utensils and cooking utensils.

When the Great Hall of the people had just been built, they were sterilized mainly by steaming, blanching and other high temperature methods. Later, dishwasher was used, decontamination, disinfection and so on were realized automatically.

New China

The shortest time for a state banquet is Deng Xiaoping, whose banquet usually does not exceed 40 minutes.

Maybe it was busy. Deng Xiaoping didn't like the state banquet too long.

Deng Xiaoping is a native of Sichuan. Although he is fond of Sichuan cuisine, his taste is influenced by northern food custom. He doesn't like too much spicy flavor because of his long stay in Beijing.

The chef of the national banquet in the Great Hall of the people noticed that Mao Zedong usually did not show up at the state banquet.

His eating customs are mainly Hunan flavor, which is not very fastidious about cooking. It's casual, just eat well, like to eat some seasonal green vegetables with chili, such as spicy fried bitter gourd and so on.

In the impression of the state banquet chef, Mao Zedong's favorite dish is fried sausage with sausage. Fish sausage is selected with mackerel. After washing, salted with seasoning, washed with flour, fry and fry, then stir fry with chili, which has Hunan's local flavor.

Mao Zedong pairs

In the banquet hall of the Great Hall of the people, Premier Zhou Enlai was the prime minister to host the state banquet.

Zhou Enlai often put his lips on the saying that "there are no trivial matters in foreign affairs". Therefore, after every time the menu of the state banquet is listed, he often asks questions. There are some improper things. He also puts forward some adjustments. He also makes many instructions on the methods of making dishes, such as making the chef make the dishes more colorful and crispy.

When Premier Zhou Enlai hosted the national banquet in the Great Hall of the people, he often made some innovations.

The last dessert of the state banquet is often ice cream. When Premier Zhou eats ice cream, he always likes to mix a little Moutai wine and say it tastes good.

Later, the method of eating Moutai and ice cream was accepted by many people. People who taste it say that the taste is special, and it is a new flavor type.

The chef's chefs also pay great attention to understanding and mastering the eating habits of their guests. Usually, at the end of the banquet, they can check their eating habits by checking the rest of the dishes.

The chef at the state banquet should not only consider the dietary habits of Chinese leaders, but also consider the eating habits of foreign guests.

What kind of food does a country like, what foods to taboo, and what etiquette is there at the banquet?

This is also an important part of the construction of state banquet.

The dining hall of the Great Hall of the people has a state banquet business. The main task is to study the eating habits of foreign countries, organize the assessment of the cooking theory and practical operation of the state banquet chefs, provide the leaders with some plans and ideas for developing the state banquet, and prepare food orders for foreign heads of state visiting China.

In 1980s, party leader Hu Yaobang once hosted a dinner for Romania President Ceausescu. The state banquet chefs cooked a shark fin dish according to the recipe, serving as the main course of the state banquet.

But I don't know why, until the end of the banquet, President Ceausescu did not move at all.

After sending away President Ceausescu, as host, Hu Yaobang was somewhat unable to sit still, and later criticized the state banquet chef:

"To entertain foreign guests, you should not only consider the traditional food custom in China, but also consider the foreign guests.

I can't eat well, it doesn't matter. I can go home to eat. President Ceausescu can't eat well. Where can he go back to eat? "

At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the state banquet was divided into two parts.

When the dishes are served on the table, the attendants will divide the guests into the middle of the table.

After 1987, the chefs are divided into plates according to the number of banquets, and then served by the waiter.

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Chinese dishes are fastidious with utensils, delicious and beautiful, which is perfectly reflected in the state banquet.

The tableware of the state banquet is very unique to the Chinese nation.

With the practice of separate meals, the shape of Chinese dishes is most affected.

Chinese cuisine pays attention to shape, like a dragon and a Phoenix. In order to make up for the broken shape of meals, chefs make exquisite pictographs with ceramic, gold, silver, stainless steel and bronze ware, such as cabbage shaped porcelain plates, fish leaf shaped porcelain plates, cattle, fish shaped porcelain plates, tortoise shaped porcelain plates, persimmon shaped porcelain jars, orange shaped porcelain cups, chicken shaped pottery jars, duck shaped pottery jars, pottery pot, conch, apple shaped bowls, etc.

The banquet knives and forks are silver, chopsticks are made of bone, and the dishes are of two sizes, 6 inch and 8 inch.

The state banquet used in the Great Hall of the people was mainly made of Moutai. The drink was mostly Laoshan Mountain mineral water, Tsingtao Brewery and five star beer.

Later, Laoshan Mountain mineral water, Tsingtao Brewery and five-star beer were relatively large export volume, rarely seen at the state banquet, instead of Beijing beer, Tianjin dry white wine, Coca-Cola, Yanjing Beer, orange Bao, dynastic wine, coconut juice, Bi Yun Dong mineral water, Zhejiang Longjing tea and so on.

The tea of the Great Hall of the people is mainly made of "Anhua Yin Hao" tea produced by Tang Xi tea farm in Anhua County of Hunan province.

The "Anhua silverware" is named after its green line. The tea is not only clear and bright, but also fragrant and lasting, refreshing and refreshing. It is known as "famous tea in Hunan" and has a unique refreshing, sweet and delicate fragrance.

Moutai is a state banquet liquor. It is known as "Xiang Xiang" from the Han Dynasty, and it is colorful to the present.

Lu Yuzhi, a poet in Qing Dynasty, appreciates the elegance of Moutai.

Moutai incense sticks like oil and 35 friends buy boats.

When drunk, the old fishermen wake up the moon's oblique hook.

In the four year of the Republic of China, in 1915, Moutai was awarded the gold medal at the Panama world commodity fair.

At that time, Moutai liquor was displayed in the remote corner of the Expo with a yellow clay bottle, and almost no one was interested in it.

The Chinese people were eager to learn a lot of wisdom and deliberately dropped a bottle of Moutai. The wine smashed and attracted many foreigners. It was one of the three most famous wines in the world with the whisky of Scotland and the cognac brandy, and won the gold medal.

Moutai liquor has the reputation of friendship wine and diplomatic wine. It displays its charm in the Great Hall of the people.

As early as the spring of 1935, the Chinese workers and Peasants Red Army captured Moutai, and Moutai wine served as the officers and soldiers of the people's army to overcome difficulties, relieve pain and diminish inflammation, so that Kuomintang published articles in newspapers and magazines, and slandered the Red Army to wash their feet in Moutai's pool.

Nixon said in his memoirs, Zhou Enlai told him that on the Long March, Moutai was a panacea.

In 1944, China's Moutai liquor was listed as a rarity for the foreign guests by the Soviet government.

After the founding of new China, Moutai, the most valuable liquor in China, became a special banquet for the three generation of Party and state leaders to receive foreign guests and was active in the political and diplomatic arena.

In October 1949, the state banquet held for the founding ceremony of new China drank Moutai wine.

In December 1949, when Mao Zedong first visited the Soviet Union, Moutai served as a national gift to Stalin.

It is said that Premier Zhou Enlai seldom took the medicine when he had a cold. After drinking Moutai, the symptoms were all gone. In welcoming the Chinese people's volunteers from the triumphant banquet of North Korea, Zhou Enlai even drank 37 cups of Moutai wine.

Zhou Enlai also used to drink Moutai wine for Mao Zedong on major banquets, which was called "Zhou Enlai defense line".

At the Geneva conference, Zhou Enlai went to China's Moutai liquor and the drama "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai". These two "Taiwan" subdue the politicians and diplomats in the western world, so that people can appreciate the profound details of Chinese culture.

On the evening of February 21, 1972, guests and guests gathered in the banquet hall of the Great Hall of the people. American guests, such as Mrs. Nixon, Rodgers, Kissinger and so on, were accompanied by Zhou Enlai, Ji Pengfei and Qiao Guanhua, sitting at the big table with 20 guests.

In front of each guest, 3 large, medium and small glasses were filled. The small glass was filled with Moutai. The middle cup was a famous wine, and the large one was orange or mineral water.

Nixon gladly lifted up his glass, and felt a peculiar fragrance overflow and scattered around.

Moutai has melted the ice that has been frozen for 22 years between China and the United States.

On September 1972, Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka visited China.

When he was young, Kakuei Tanaka visited China as an invading Japanese army. He had long known the reputation of Moutai.

At the state banquet hosted by Zhou Enlai, Kakuei Tanaka, who had never been stage fright in the spirits, saw Moutai drinking. He was happy to drink glasses and drink with Zhou Enlai.

Even after several cups of work, Kakuei Tanaka was somewhat intoxicated and conquered by Moutai. He repeatedly praised him: "Moutai wine is a good wine, great and good, the world's first", and is full of praise for Zhou Enlai.

In the Great Hall of the people, the national banquet was held for "ping pong diplomacy", and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai personally came forward to entertain Japanese table tennis friends.

At the state banquet, Premier Zhou Enlai personally presented two bottles of Moutai wine to Japan's world table tennis champion Matsuzaki Kimio.

"I heard that your father has worked in the wine industry for decades. It's very hard. When you return home, you must ask him a good question and ask him to taste our Chinese Moutai."

Premier Zhou Enlai kindly exhorted.

"This wine is a little higher, but it doesn't hurt people, it tastes good."

Matsuzaki was very moved.

On the other side of Japan, another table tennis player Ogimura admired Matsuzaki's good luck and wanted to ask for Moutai wine, and he said to prime minister Zhou Enlai:

"Premier Zhou, you have given me a bottle of Moutai. I treasure it at home, and I can't drink it.

Once, a few friends tried to drink Moutai, and accidentally broke the bottle.

The wine was sprinkled on my racket.

I was sad for several days.

Later, whenever I was in a competitive disadvantage, I would be confident and brave enough to win the game if I sniffed the smell of wine left on the racket.

Premier Zhou was laughed at by Ogimura's latest story, and had to admire the wit of the Japanese table tennis veteran.

"I'm not that great, or I'll buy a few bottles of Moutai to sprinkle on the racket of the Chinese table tennis players."

Zhou Enlai laughed.

"Mr. Ogimura, you are not only a good table tennis player, but also a rare diplomat.

But you don't have to be impatient. I've already prepared for it. I'll give you and Mr. Kyohko Hasegawa a bottle of Moutai later. "

In addition to the famous Japanese table tennis player, Zhou Enlai also presented to American comedian Chaplin Moutai.

The world-famous comedy master drank Chinese Moutai wine and called it "real man's wine".

In March 1973, Mao Zedong named Moutai, which was to be produced in 1952, to give a visit to North Korea's prime minister, Kim Il-Sung, who was visiting China.

In the Sino British negotiations in 1984, Deng Xiaoping used the new idea of "one country, two systems" to reach a common agreement with the British Prime Minister, Mrs. Thatcher, on the future of Hongkong. "Moutai's intoxicated" Iron Lady "has become an eternal saying.

Later, for health reasons, state banquets usually do not contain liquor with relatively high alcohol content.

It is also very rude to act in a diplomatic way.

During the "Cultural Revolution", George Rob, Albania's new ambassador to China, took office in Beijing. Chinese Foreign Minister Ji Pengfei and Deputy Minister Qiao Guanhua served as hosts. The banquet was hosted by Ambassador rob and invited the ambassador of the Arab League embassy, counselor Zeci Akoli and other officials to participate in the whole process.

During the dinner, he was drunk by Moutai.

After the banquet, the car driven by ah Li Li hit a Chinese bicycle riding in Chang'an Avenue, causing great disaster.

After the accident, he was recalled to the state. Premier Zhou Enlai criticized the leadership of the Ministry of foreign affairs severely.

The boundless business opportunities in the state banquet have been discovered and utilized by keen entrepreneurs.

The Wuliangye group designed the "national banquet wine" for the state banquet.

Unlike the Maotai flavor of Moutai, "the Great Hall of the people" state banquet liquor belongs to Luzhou flavor. The bottle type design is based on the design of the east gate of the Great Hall of the people. It is simple, dignified and novel. It embodies the nobility, magnificence and magnificence of the state banquet liquor.