The Average Life Expectancy Is 3.7 Years &Nbsp; How To Break Short Life Curse For Small And Medium-Sized Shoe Enterprises.

　　 Present situation

middle-sized and small enterprise Like the nestling life is fragile.

January 17th, "small and medium-sized enterprises are just like hatchlings, whose vitality is really fragile, and they are also faced with harsh external conditions. Environmental Science The test. "

"It is common to drown in a river by feeling the stones."

At the end of last year, the Central People's Government of China had a survey on small and medium-sized enterprises in China. The average life expectancy of SMEs was only 3.7 years. What do you think of this?

Fu Zhongqiu: it is very simple to answer this question. Directly to the industry and Commerce Bureau, we can see that there are hundreds of small and medium-sized enterprises every year. register At the same time, there are hundreds of enterprises write off, many enterprises have been developing for 10 years or small and medium-sized enterprises. We are just like the hatchlings, whose vitality is really fragile, and they are also faced with the test of the external harsh environment. This is especially outstanding at present.

Xu Zhong: this data has been compared to what I have heard before. Our company has been developing for 10 years and should be regarded as a survivor.

Tang Qing: China's reform and opening up is to cross the river by feeling the stones. How can China's small and medium-sized enterprises grow? Take the shoe industry in Chongqing for example, in the 90s of last century, there may be many local shoe brands that are familiar with everyone, but now they almost fade away. The decline of our peers makes us feel anxious.

　　 external cause

The strength is not bigger than the small and medium-sized enterprises of big enterprises.

"In attracting investment and financing loans, small and medium-sized enterprises such as footwear still need a fair environment."

"Now the policy environment for SMEs is already very good, but the market environment has deteriorated."

What makes small and medium enterprises in China difficult to live longer? In the report of the people's Republic of China, special mention is made of the external environment. It is considered that the survival environment of SMEs is an important factor leading to "short-lived". Is this the case?

Fu Zhongqiu: as we all know, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is huge. Rumors that 60% of GDP are created by small and medium-sized enterprises. However, compared with large enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises enjoy different treatment in some areas. To give a simple example, you are the boss of the Investment Promotion Department of a certain district. When I introduced the project, I only had 100 million assets and another 1 billion, and I had no chance to talk with you personally. Because some governments implement policies on attracting investment and attracting investment.

Another example is financing, which is a problem that SMEs will encounter during the growth of footwear and other small and medium-sized enterprises. Because some banks are also "dislike small, love big", there will always be such a reason, so that small and medium enterprises from the bank get loans difficult. SMEs still need a more equitable environment.

Fortunately, in recent years, the state has attached great importance to promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and has promulgated a series of policies, such as alleviating the financing difficulties, reducing tax and promoting the upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises, and independent innovation.

Zun Zongshen: I think the treatment of small and medium-sized enterprises is very good now. The government work report of the two sessions involves a lot of content. In the overall promotion of the "12th Five-Year" strategic task, we also referred to "simplifying the examination and approval procedures, making good use of policies such as living capital support, preferential taxation and financing guarantee, so as to promote the vigorous development of small and medium-sized enterprises and micro enterprises, and develop 25 thousand micro enterprises". {page_break}

These contents are very important for small and medium-sized enterprises. We did not have such treatment at the time of our development.

But the market environment faced by small and medium-sized enterprises is worse than that at that time. From the beginning of the financial crisis, the rapid appreciation of the renminbi has brought unprecedented pressure on survival to such enterprises, resulting in a marked decline in export competitiveness. The prices of energy, steel and non-ferrous metals have risen sharply, making it difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to maintain their livelihoods, and labor costs are also rising significantly. These are the specific difficulties for SMEs.

Xu Zhong: personally, the environment is only one aspect. In 2003, there were tens of thousands of small and medium-sized enterprises falling down in SARS, but still some enterprises survived. The market is the survival of the fittest. Under the circumstance that everyone is not in a good environment, if it can not adapt, it can only show that the vitality of the enterprise is not enough.

　 internal cause

Lack of core competitiveness is the Achilles' heel of SMEs.

"Enterprises need different ways of making profits at different stages of development. If it is not adjusted in time, the bottleneck will choke.

"A person who can make money does not mean that he can lead an enterprise to make money. With the growth of enterprises, it is very important for entrepreneurs to control their own businesses.

In addition to the external environment mentioned above, what factors have led to the "short life" of enterprises in their own causes?

Fu Zhongqiu: over the years, I have seen many shoes and other small and medium-sized enterprises falling down for various reasons and never getting up again. The reasons are different, some are knocked down by their opponents, others are made by the boss themselves, and others are eliminated by the market.

The fatal weakness of SMEs is first manifested in the lack of core competitiveness. The core competitiveness here can be the innovation ability of technology, product or service, and they are the vitality and foundation of an enterprise. It is difficult for enterprises lacking core competitiveness to form differential competition, especially against the storm. In the 2008 financial crisis, we were all concerned about the bankruptcy or bankruptcy of large enterprises. In fact, there are numerous small and medium sized enterprises which rely on export orders in the Pearl River Delta.

Tang Qing: business transformation is also important in the process of growth. Sprouting needs watering, and flowering requires fertilization.

Take us as a matter of fact. Before 2005, like all leather shoes factories in Chongqing, we basically sold wholesale leather shoes to wholesalers wholesale without selling channels. This move was very effective before 2000, but the malpractice appeared after 2000. Wholesalers not only pay a lot of money in arrears, but because we do not have their own channels, pricing is basically the wholesale business has the final say, wholesalers are trying to keep prices down, and the profits of enterprises are not as good as a year. In 2005, I suddenly realized that I could not go on like this and continue to follow this pattern. Even if I do not die now, I will die sooner or later. After struggling, I made up my mind to change the business mode: cut down all wholesale businesses and develop direct battalions. In less than two years, we cut off more than 20 wholesalers nationwide. This is a major operation and our sales volume has plummeted at least 50%. But it is very fortunate that we have survived a serious illness.

What I want to say is that enterprises need different ways of making profits at different stages of development. If it is not adjusted in time, the bottleneck will choke.

Xu Zhong: many of the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises started their business entirely by instinct for survival. A person who can earn money does not mean that he can lead an enterprise to make money. With the growth of enterprises, it is very important for entrepreneurs to control their own businesses.

After so many years of business, the most common case is the blind expansion, then the capital chain breaks down and the enterprise finally closures. {page_break}

Business opportunities and temptations. If a company starts out, there will be many opportunities for making money before the boss. Therefore, we should remind you that when a company has accumulated a certain amount of money, we must strictly distinguish between the development of enterprises and the investment of individuals, so that private behavior can not be linked to the development of enterprises.

Fu Zhongqiu: in addition to the reasons mentioned above, there are still some small and medium enterprises lacking long-term planning, unclear direction of development, and inaccurate prediction of the market, which has also led to "short-lived" enterprises.

Some enterprises have accumulated a certain amount of money in two years of development, and the boss has been suffering from brain fever, blind development, wasting human resources and other resources and accelerating the premature death. In terms of talents, the lack of high-quality talents is far less attractive to talents than large enterprises. The overall quality of employees is low and mobility is large, leading to insufficient internal innovation capability. In terms of cost, the demand for pay increases and decent work increased, and labor costs increased significantly. Now and then, I have to raise wages for employees, and the operating costs of enterprises will also rise, restricting the development of enterprises.

　 proposal

No one can be trusted.

Get rid of the shackles of family businesses

"The core sector must be able to live in it, can not use only relatives, and even deliberately avoid relatives."

"The government should fish and fish, and small and medium-sized enterprises should work hard."

Then how do you think the small and medium-sized enterprises can become stronger and bigger and go further?

Tang Qing: family businesses must not last long. Enterprises must first start from the management level when they want to develop, and the core departments must be able to live in the same place.

That's what my business is doing. Maybe 10% of the staff were my relatives before. My wife's sister-in-law once made a bad impression on the company because I was upset with the company's internal personnel mobilization and made a mess of my office. Now, as long as I am closely related to my staff, I have basically transferred from the management department.

Mid Autumn Festival: the economic foundation of the country depends not only on large enterprises but also tens of millions of small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, governments at all levels should take care of small and medium-sized enterprises. For example, the government can set up specialized industrial parks for small and medium-sized enterprises, and carry out environmental protection in a unified manner. The enterprises in the park share their expenses according to their own sewage disposal conditions, which not only solves environmental problems, but also lightens the burden of small and medium-sized enterprises.

However, the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises such as footwear can not wait for government support. Good policies are like putting some MSG into the dish to make the dish taste better, but MSG can not be eaten as a vegetable. So I suggest that the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises should work hard and change their mindset. According to the enterprise strength and market demand, we must accurately judge the future market trend, not only give other people's contemporary factories, but also gather talents and accumulate their core technology. Only in this way can we enhance our ability to resist risks.

Zun Zongshen: state and local governments should pay close attention to the survival of SMEs and increase support for SMEs, such as helping SMEs through tax cuts. Small and medium-sized enterprises themselves must keep pace with the times, take the initiative to attack, adjust the business mode as soon as possible, and adjust the product and market structure. Export-oriented enterprises should speed up the launching of the domestic consumer market, innovate and develop new products to meet the needs of the domestic market. At the same time, we should speed up the upgrading of the industrial structure, speed up the capability of independent innovation and develop our own brand, and form the core competitiveness of enterprises.

　　 Off court view

Policy "combined boxing" to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises

In view of the current situation of the development of footwear SMEs, the reporter interviewed Wang Renlin, deputy director of the municipal CPPCC Committee and municipal SME Bureau. {page_break}

Wang Renlin said that the external environment for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has become more and more relaxed. In the past two years, the city has promulgated more than 10 policies and regulations, namely, the regulations for the promotion of SMEs in Chongqing and the notice of the Chongqing Municipal People's Government on implementing the opinions of the State Council on further promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. From the aspects of planning guidance, financial support, tax support, entrepreneurial support and innovation support, a policy system supporting the development of SMEs has been formed.

Wang Renlin said that what we need to do now is to put these policies into practice and to open up and open up paths for the growth of enterprises. Take financing as an example, the government has actively made a cut for small and medium-sized enterprises, pushing large and medium-sized enterprises to the stock market, allowing small and medium-sized enterprises to issue bills, and small and micro enterprises can lend money. Especially for small businesses, banks have opened up financing channels for small and medium-sized enterprises. Loans without collateral can be loans. Even the government's purchase orders can be used as collateral for loans. In general, the development environment of footwear and other small and medium-sized enterprises is constantly optimized.