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    Textile Industry Predicament In South Of Jiangsu

    2011/6/28 13:36:00 64

    Textile Industry Private Economy

    At present, the "three shortage and two high" dilemma caused by the shortage of people (labor), the shortage of money (financing), the "electricity shortage" and the high cost and high taxes and fees, and the superposition effect resulting from it, make the private SMEs face unprecedented difficulties, and the survival problems of SMEs are highlighted again.


    Some scholars who have long paid attention to the private economy in China say that a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises are closed down, and a large number of private capital flows away from the real economy, which will have an adverse impact on employment and the economy.


    Textile industry is a labor-intensive industry. It is also a fully competitive industry, especially for small and medium enterprises. However, the survival of textile enterprises is most vulnerable to changes in external environment. In mid June, the reporter went to the area for field investigation and visited the largest textile industry base in Jiangsu, Shengze Town, Wujiang city and surrounding towns, and interviewed two large enterprises, Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Sheng Hong group, one medium-sized enterprise Wujiang Fuwa Weaving Co., Ltd., and more than ten small enterprises, and interviewed many. Financial institution Responsible person and many government officials.


    Wujiang SME losses increased by 152% over the same period last year


    The Eastern Silk Market of Shengze town is the largest textile and chemical products display and trading platform in the country, and its trading status can directly reflect the survival of the domestic textile industry. In June 13th and 14th, our reporter visited the market for the two time and found that there were few traders in the market and some shops were not open. Many interviews with reporters told reporters this year market The trading situation is much worse than that in 2010.


    In this regard, Shen Bin, deputy director of Wujiang municipal SME Bureau, provided a set of data on the survival situation of SMEs in the city. In 2011 1, May, 482 enterprises in Wujiang lost their statistics, and the number of loss making enterprises increased by 152% compared with the same period last year. The total loss of enterprises was 140 million yuan, up 105% over the same period last year.


    More than 60% of the small and medium-sized enterprises in Wujiang are the textile industry, and 80% of the deficit enterprises are small and medium-sized textile enterprises.


    Shen's deputy director believes that this group of data shows that the loss of SMEs in Wujiang is gradually increasing. According to the specific situation analysis, it is expected that there will be more losses in the second half of the year, and the losses will be even more serious.


    The basis for his conclusion is that textile enterprises in Wujiang have seen blowout growth last year, and enterprises are running short of overtime and production. All enterprises are making money. An explosive growth in the industry has led to a corresponding rise in the entrepreneur's investment confidence index, and the boss turned profits into capacity. Almost all Textile enterprises To varying degrees, the expansion of production capacity. With the release of new capacity and new entrants' capacity in the second half of 2011, the industry will have problems of overcapacity, and products will be oversupplied. In the case of rising costs, large losses in the textile industry will be a foregone conclusion. "From the Jiangsu and Zhejiang chemical fiber industry, the new capacity reached 60% in 2011, and the capacity of Xiaoshan in Zhejiang has increased by 2 million 800 thousand tons on the basis of the original 4 million 500 thousand tons, and the capacity has increased significantly. Our relevant statistics show that there has been no significant increase in demand at home and abroad. How to digest these capacities is a very serious problem."


    What is the situation of Wujiang's textile industry capacity expansion? The materials provided by Wujiang SME Bureau show that after the explosive growth of the industry in 2010, the capacity of the textile industry has expanded continuously. The output of the textile industry increased by 48.9% in the 1-5 months of this year, and 148 thousand tons of polyester chips were completed, and 973 thousand tons of synthetic fiber were completed. The project, which has been included in Wujiang's key projects, has been launched in an orderly way. The annual output of 200 thousand tons of self designed, installed and debugged project has been successfully put into operation in January this year. Sheng Hong chemical fiber 150 elastic wire projects were completed in May this year. The three phase of construction is being carried out in an orderly way. Jiangsu's 600 thousand tons of functional fiber projects are actively promoted.


    "The problem of overcapacity is very serious. I think the capacity of the second half of this year will be changed due to the expansion of production capacity of some enterprises. The production capacity is changing. Now the price of chemical fiber has changed a lot. The price of a sudden drop of 500 yuan a ton a day, cotton price fluctuation over 40%, the impact of this wave is already showing." Shen Bin said.


    Chen Zhong, director and senior economist of the government economic service center of Shengze Town, Wujiang, said that the capacity growth of the textile industry was too fast. In the past few years, the vast majority of enterprises have purchased equipment and expanded their production capacity. The problem of overcapacity will be placed in front of all textile enterprises in Shengze town.


    Shengze has been a famous silk capital since ancient times. Its silk textile industry has formed an industrial system with large scale, complete categories, complete industrial chain and complete supporting system. It has become the largest textile industry base in China. Silk exports account for about 1/6 of the country's total, and about 50% exports of chemical fiber fabrics, and its products are exported to more than 100 countries and regions. Sheng Zezhen has been named "China silk famous town", "China silk capital" and "China's most influential industrial textile city". {page_break}


    According to the latest data provided by the town government, there are more than 2300 textile factories in Shengze, nearly 6000 textile trade companies, and 500 industrial assets, including 4 leading enterprises with assets of more than 3 billion yuan, and more than 80 leading enterprises with over 100 billion yuan. It has formed a group of large textile enterprises that are influential in the textile industry of China, such as Heng Li group, Sheng Hong group, Wujiang Eagle Xiang Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Xinmin textile Polytron Technologies Inc. It has formed an industrial chain from silk reeling, chemical fiber spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, textile processing to clothing and other textile products. There are more than ten categories and thousands of varieties of medium and thick chemical fiber fabrics, cotton fabrics, knitwear and so on.


    Small businesses are struggling to survive but they are not closing down.


    Xu Baiming is only one of Wujiang's nearly 10000 small and medium-sized business owners. In 2007, with the help of his family and friends, he spent many years saving his sweater business. He and his wife Wu Dongmei set up a small business: Wujiang Tianyuan Textile Co., Ltd. and Wujiang Bo Ming Knitting Co., Ltd. at that time, the registered capital was 500 thousand yuan and 1 million yuan respectively.


    After years of careful operation, the scale of enterprises has been expanding, and the number of jet looms has increased from more than 60 to 128. He told reporters that in 2010, the sales income of Tian Yuan textile company reached about 10000000 yuan, making about 2000000 yuan. In May of this year, he bought 42 jet looms with the money he earned, so that he had 150 looms. In Wujiang, a textile enterprise of this size can only be regarded as a small business.


    But this year, he obviously felt bad money earned. With the unrest in the North African and Arabia countries, oil prices have risen sharply and fallen, and the raw materials used for weaving raw materials come from oil.


    "From the end of last year to June this year, the price of chemical fiber raw materials fluctuated from 14000 yuan to 25000 yuan, but the total price was rising during the same period, and the price of raw materials fluctuated very large. Sometimes the price of one ton of chemical fiber increased by 3000 yuan in one day. This is very risky for us, such as small businesses, and the price is difficult to grasp. If the operation is not good, we will face the consequences of loss." Xu Baiming told reporters.


    Shen Bin, deputy director general of Wujiang municipal SME Bureau, also said that the rising cost of raw materials increased the cost of production. Although the price of raw materials such as cotton, PTA, ethylene glycol has dropped since the 3 and April, raw material prices to the end of May still have a certain increase compared with the same period last year. For example, cotton prices rose by 40% over the same period last year, PTA prices rose 35%, ethylene glycol prices rose by 50%, and the rate of rising prices of products did not keep pace with the increase of raw materials, which had a considerable impact on the profitability of enterprises. At the same time, the recent decline in the prices of cotton, viscose fiber and chemical fiber in the textile industry has also brought great losses to the enterprises with large inventory of raw materials.


    Zhou Yonglin, the owner of Wujiang Jiangcun silk Co., Ltd., whose registered capital is only 500 thousand yuan and the number of loom looms only 63 sets, insists on the idea of conservative management of enterprises. The company has been operating for 10 years, but its scale has hardly expanded. He said he never went out to look for orders, only to do business with old customers.


    "We are very difficult to make private enterprises in China. There is little profit. Making money is also the depreciation cost of machines. The small businesses here are like this." Zhou boss said.


    Zhou Xueqing, the young boss of Wujiang Zhenqing Textile Co. Ltd., is different from Zhou Yonglin in his management style. He complains that there are no factories in the village, otherwise he will double the scale of the business. Limited by the land area of the rental plant, he has only 30 looms available. In addition, he also complained that bank loans were too difficult. Because equipment and rental factories could not be mortgaged, he could only find secured loans.


    For textile enterprises, the cost of raw materials is the largest part of all costs, followed by labor costs. Deputy director Shen Bin said labor resources are still scarce. Through the previous round of economic transformation and upgrading, Wujiang's current economic structure has been adjusted to a certain extent, and the proportion of new industries in the total economic growth has been increasing. However, several leading industries still belong to the traditional labor intensive industries. Since last year, the industry has generally raised 30%-40%, but there is still a shortage of employment.


    The small enterprises that interviewed by our reporter reflected more problems of rising labor costs and labor shortage, such as Wujiang Qiushi Textile Co., Ltd., Wujiang double China Textile Co., Ltd., Wujiang Chuang Feng Water Jet Loom factory and more than ten textile small businesses.


    Rao Guilong, the boss of Wujiang Qiushi Textile Co. Ltd., is a college student who started business in Wujiang temple town. At present, the total assets of his company are 28 million yuan and 60 employees.


    "Now I am short of money except for lack of money. In the first half of this year, the wages of the employees increased by 30%, and the high ones reached 4500 yuan / month. Rao Guilong said, "now the workers are very strong and eager."


    About the problem of power shortage in the operation of Wujiang's industrial economy, Shen Bin, deputy director general, told reporters that the electricity shortage was ahead of schedule. As a large number of projects have been put into operation one after another, power consumption has become a major problem in the economic development of our city this year. The problem of electricity shortage has already appeared in the first quarter, and the problem will become more prominent in summer. Orderly electricity consumption and other emergency measures will directly affect the production, sale and supply capacity of enterprises.


    "We will limit the power to a minimum. The textile industry is a livelihood industry. We should encourage and support it. But the tight supply situation is an indisputable fact. Shen said.


    Too many receivables and heavy tax burden are also important factors for the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises in Wujiang who have been interviewed by this newspaper.


    Has there been any collapse in South of Jiangsu's small and medium-sized enterprises? Our reporter interviewed many places in Wujiang, Kunshan and Wuxi in South of Jiangsu, and did not find that the small and medium-sized enterprises had collapsed in large areas.


    "Failure does not depend on the size of heroes, but on the basis of liabilities, the more liabilities, the greater the possibility of bankruptcy. Bankruptcy is not a small business, small business boat small turn around; in addition, small and medium-sized enterprises because of financing difficulties, debt ratio is low, the possibility of bankruptcy is smaller, just stop production or reduce production. Some large and medium-sized enterprises are more likely to go bankrupt. These enterprises are more dependent on bank funds. " Shen Bin said.


    The silk industry is not profitable and overall recession.


    The silk industry, as a subdivision of the textile industry, seems to be more difficult to survive.


    This reporter interviewed a number of famous historical silkworm breeding base and a number of enterprises in Wujiang Zhen Ze town, a famous domestic silk product city. Through interviews and interviews, it was discovered that as a famous mulberry industry in Wujiang, its long planted chain of planting, silkworm processing and processing has been shrinking.


    From a series of books by Fei Xiaotong, a famous scholar, on the investigation of Wujiang's open bow village, we can know that planting mulberry silkworms has been the main sideline for many farmers in Wujiang to increase their income. But our reporter interviewed in several villages found that in the past ten years, mulberry silkworm breeding has been rapidly shrinking in the countryside.


    Suzhou Zi Yun silk products Co., Ltd. is a well-known silk product company in Suzhou area. Silk is one of the national standard drafting units. Shen Fuzhen, chairman of the board, was once a well-known student of silkworm expert Fei Dasheng (as a well-known scholar Fei Xiaotong's elder sister). The "cloud" series produced by the company has a certain reputation in the industry and is well-known trademark in China. {page_break}


    Shen Fuzhen told reporters that the purchase price of cocoon from cocoon purchasing station is 2200 yuan, while the price of 1300 yuan -1500 yuan in the same period last year, the price has increased by 80%, the price of silk fabric has increased by 30%-50%, we have no profit at all, but our silk is not dare to rise easily, and the price increase has certain risk, mainly considering the consumer's endurance and market share.


    Shen Fuzhen told reporters that in 1-5 months of this year, sales revenue was only about 3000000 yuan, compared with about 7000000 yuan in the same period last year, and there was no profit.


    "Now the silk industry is very chaotic, the quality is chaotic. In order to save the cost of raw materials, some informal manufacturers include chemical fiber, short fiber and other chemical raw materials in the silk, resulting in a shrinking market and a decrease in the number of consumers. From January to this year, the average wage of my employees has increased by more than 20%. According to the piecework wage, the average employee can get about 3000 people a month, even though he raises wages, he still can't recruit people." She said.


    The profit margin of the silk industry is only about 5%, the tax rate is as high as 17%, and the tax burden is a little high. She told reporters that in Zhejiang, the government has a certain preferential tax rate in order to support the development of the silk industry.


    Cash flow is difficult for large textile enterprises.


    Jiangsu Hengli Group is the most complete industry chain in the domestic textile industry. The chairman of the company is Chen Jianhua, President of the Wujiang Federation of industry and commerce. During the interview in Shengze Town, a people familiar with the textile industry who did not want to be named revealed to our reporter that the Jiangsu Hengli Group, the largest chemical fiber enterprise group in Asia, caused the crisis of capital chain rupture due to the excessive expansion and the rising cost of enterprise operation and other reasons. The Jiangsu Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.


    Whether the Hengli Chemical Fiber Company is facing the crisis of capital chain breakage? In the face of such doubts, Fan Hongwei, general manager of the company, said in reply to our reporter's interview that Hengli Chemical fiber has a good momentum of development. Although the macroeconomic situation and the development trend of the industry are not good, there is no such a serious problem of capital chain breakage.


    Although Fan Hongwei was very emboldened in the interview with this newspaper, some textile enterprises expressed concern about the development prospect of the company, saying that if the national tightening policy continued, Hengli Chemical fiber company would not survive.


    Another famous textile enterprise in the town, which is always relying on orders, is still slightly better. Zhang Changjian, general manager of the company, told reporters that at present, Fuhua company relies on stable customers and prudent business philosophy, and its profit margin can still be maintained at around 5%.


    But the company expanded its capacity last year and spent 60 million yuan to buy 1000 textile machines, which brought financial pressure to the operation of Fuhua weaving company. It is understood that, in order to alleviate the pressure of funds, the company has hired a domestic investment bank to carry out joint stock system reform and prepare for direct listing in the year.


    Industrial gradient transfer or way out


    According to the theory of industrial gradient transfer, the development of regional economy depends on the status of its industrial structure, and the situation of industrial structure also depends on the stage of the industrial sector in the industrial life cycle, especially the leading industry. If the leading industry department is constituted by the professional department at the innovation stage, it shows that the region has potential for development, so the area should be included in the high gradient area. According to this theory, innovation activity is the decisive factor determining the gradation level of regional development, and most of innovation activities occur in high gradient areas. With the change of time and life cycle, production activities gradually shift from high gradient area to low gradient area, and the process of gradient transfer is mainly expanded through multi-level urban system. The theory of gradient transfer holds that the developed areas should first speed up their development and then transfer them to the developed and less developed regions through industry and factors, so as to drive the development of the whole economy.


    "At many textile enterprises' research meetings, I will suggest to my bosses that they should invest in factories in less developed areas." Shen Bin, deputy director general, talked about the strategic thinking of changing the cage and changing birds in South of Jiangsu area.


    He said that in the economically developed areas such as the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, all enterprises are facing difficulties in the increase of wages, raw materials and financing costs, while the unit price of products is relatively stable, with no significant increase.


    He said that in South of Jiangsu, some industries, especially the textile industry, have the problem of industrial gradient transfer.


    "To understand the situation of the sewing machine industry association this year, we find that this industry has been greatly increased, increasing by 68%. Why is it going against the trend? Because of the large number of garment factories in the central and western regions, sewing machines are needed. This shows that there are still some advantages in the central and western regions, which further demonstrates that the transfer of labor intensive industries in the textile industry is a necessity of the market. He said.


    He gave an example, a company in Wujiang realized sales income of 180 million yuan in 2010, of which 120 million yuan sales income of Wujiang factory had deducted cost and no profit at all. Besides, 60 million of the sales revenue invested by other factories in the field had 6 million profit.


    It is understood that over the past years, some textile enterprises in South of Jiangsu are actively transferring to northern Jiangsu, and Suqian is the textile industry base which developed rapidly in recent years.


    According to the obvious decline in the growth rate of the silk textile industry, the Wujiang municipal government has taken some measures in the operation of the industrial economy.


    First, speed up the pace of adjustment and change the way of growth. At present, small and medium-sized enterprises in Wujiang have different difficulties and problems, which is a developing problem. The current difficulties are inevitable pains in the economic structural adjustment. Enterprises should take this objective situation change as an opportunity to promote economic transformation and development, speed up the transformation of industry, product mix and growth mode, and change factor driving to innovation driven development.


    Two is to encourage technological transformation and implement brand strategy. Enterprises should be encouraged to adopt new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials for technological transformation, and encourage enterprises to vigorously implement brand strategy and expand international and domestic markets.


    The three is to give full play to government functions and support enterprise development. We should implement various preferential policies to support industrial development, including supporting funds for key projects, investment subsidies for equipment, tax refund for import and export, and so on.


    Four is to build a service system and improve the development environment. In April 20th this year, the Wujiang Municipal Commission of letters and commissions formally established the Wujiang SME Service Center, which will provide all kinds of efficient and high-quality services for SMEs in the areas of financing guarantee, management consulting, technological innovation, market development, personnel training, legal aid and information support.


    In addition, some owners interviewed by this newspaper said that when formulating macroeconomic policies, the state should consider the tolerance of enterprises and not go from one extreme to the other extreme.


    Gu Shengzu, a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and an economist from the Central Committee of the people's Republic of China, who has studied in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shanghai and Hubei, suggests that the government should do six things in supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises: first, to maintain pressure and differentiate treatment; two, to relax financial control and to let private finance shine; three, to accelerate the construction of three major systems of multi-level banking, capital market and credit guarantee; four, to vigorously develop vocational skills education and training for migrant workers, and to cultivate more "hands-on" workers; five is to reform the pricing system of electricity; six is to get less, to give more, and to reduce taxes more vigorously.

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