The Financing Pressure Of Smes Is Bigger Than That Of Financial Crisis.

"Many enterprises will be able to" keep safe "this year. Facing reporters in July 1st, an insider of the Dongguan Taiwan Businessmen Association regrets.

It is reported that the Dongguan Taiwan Businessmen Association currently has more than 3000 participating enterprises, plus the number of Taiwan funded enterprises in Dongguan, up to 6000. In the view of these people, the high interest rate and the difficulty of financing are the "bitter water" that many SMEs often fall this year. Most of the enterprises in the association feel that financing is difficult to varying degrees.

On the one hand, financing is in a predicament. Raw material When the cost goes up, the two heads of SMEs are under pressure, just like the sandwich layer in bread. Many respondents feel that the survival of SMEs this year is even more difficult than that of the 2009 financial crisis.

Rising financing costs

Under the current monetary policy tightening pattern, small and medium sized enterprises Enterprise financing The difficulty is already known. But how hard is financing?

"Now 12% of the private interest rate can not be borrowed." A senior manager of a rural credit union in Guangdong said to this newspaper.

General manager of a Guarantee Corporation in Dongguan told this newspaper: "bank credit funds are tight, generally need to go up 30% on the benchmark interest rate, also need to queue up, and see the enterprise qualification and project quality."

In fact, in 2011, the central bank has raised the deposit reserve ratio for the 6 time in a row. At present, the deposit reserve ratio of banks has risen to a record high: 21.5%. In addition, with all kinds of assessment pressures such as the average daily loan ratio and the new regulation, banks are also facing a liquidity crisis. Many commercial banks have also opened up the war of "storage and storage". In the traditional credit business, some banks also appeared some "adaptations".

A senior manager of a rural credit union in Guangdong said to this newspaper, "a lot of entrusted loans are made through banks this year, such as the local rich bosses, who make loans through banks, and banks act as intermediaries. There is no risk in collecting fees."

"From the beginning of this year, financing through banks has become quite difficult." A deputy general manager of a steel distribution enterprise in Zhengzhou, Henan, detailed to the newspaper about his "financing difficulties" experience. It is reported that last year, the company borrowed 10 million yuan in a joint-stock bank and did not allow renewal this year because it did not make cash flow business in the bank. If you want to borrow money, you need to perform a lot of additional conditions, such as lending interest rates up to 30% on the benchmark, buying financial products, handling credit cards, accepting bank charges and so on. However, even if these are done, it is not always possible to borrow money.

In fact, in recent years, many banks have focused their businesses on SMEs. loan Up. However, the industry believes that under the conditions of enterprise qualification, collateral and other conditions, and the tightening of credit scale of banks this year, the reality of financing difficulties of SMEs can not be changed.

Chen Xumin, deputy general manager of market investment department of Nanchong commercial bank, wrote in June 30th: "this is not an extreme assumption: in 2012 April, if the Central Bank of China does not cut down the required reserve ratio, China's financial institutions may not be able to sell rice. More than about 400000000000 of the fiscal savings increase, nearly 150 billion of the statutory reserve requirements, but because the central bank's open market funds are almost negligible, even if the foreign exchange accounts for up to 400 billion, financial institutions will still be unable to make ends meet because of the insufficient supply of money in the money market. Of course, we do not exclude foreign exchange occupying more than 600 billion, and this situation will continue to appear in May next year.

Xie Hong, Secretary General of Guangdong SME Development Promotion Committee, said in an interview with the media: "the effect of raising the accuracy of social capital is that the pool size of social capital has been reduced again, but the total demand of society has not decreased, and the demand for financing is very strong. At present, the quota of many Guarantee Corporation in Guangdong has been used up, which shows that the demand for small business financing is very large.

"Borrow way" private financing

When bank credit can not meet the market demand, many SMEs can only turn to private lending. Although the cost of financing is high, many SMEs can only drink poison to quench thirst.

"Our company needs a lot of capital this year, most of which depends on bank credit. Some urgently needed short-term funds can only be done through private lending and Guarantee Corporation. In general, the loan is half a month to a month, with a monthly interest rate of 3.5 points (Note: monthly interest rate 1 points is equivalent to 12% of the annual interest rate), and it will not be accepted for more than a month and a half. The deputy general manager of Henan Zhengzhou said. {page_break}

In the interview, enterprises and financial institutions in Foshan, Zhongshan and Dongguan said to this newspaper: "many colleagues are looking for private lending this year, with a monthly interest rate of 3 points and 5 points." "The average annual interest rate of private lending in Zhongshan is 30%~40%." "This year, the monthly interest rate of private lending in Dongguan has risen from 2~4 in the past few months to the current 3~6 score. This interest rate is unbearable for normal profits. It can only be used urgently or in the transitional period waiting for the bank loan to be issued. "

"Wages, labor, raw materials and other prices are rising, of course, sales prices have also risen, but this year, corporate profits are declining. So, this year, our company only chooses some high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises supported by national policies, and the volume of business has been saturated. This year, Guarantee Corporation's guarantee fee has risen from 2.5% to 3%, or 20%. From the perspective of guarantee business, market demand has skyrocketed, but the actual volume of business has not risen substantially, but the profits of Guarantee corporation are definitely rising this year. The general manager of a Guarantee Corporation in Dongguan said.

Earlier media reports showed that the Wenzhou financial office recently conducted a sample survey of 350 enterprises. At the end of the first quarter of this year, the proportion of three of its own funds, bank loans and private lending was 56:28:16. The proportion of bank loans decreased by 2 percentage points compared with the same period last year, and the proportion of private lending increased by 6 percentage points. "Although there is no specific data, I feel that in this year's Dongguan business operation capital composition, the proportion of private lending increased considerably." The general manager of a Guarantee Corporation in Dongguan said.

Rising cost squeezing the living space

Perhaps, based on regional differences, not all SMEs feel that financing is difficult. For example, the president of the Wenzhou chamber of Commerce in a certain city of Guangdong told the newspaper that compared with Wenzhou, the financing situation of SMEs in Guangdong is much better. As far as it is known, in Zhongshan and Jiangmen, there are many banks supporting enterprises to use joint guarantee without collateral, and the amount of 5 million yuan ~1000 yuan can be guaranteed. Therefore, many members of the Wenzhou chamber of commerce can still merge from banks to capital, but only need to pay higher interest rates. They often float 15%~20% on the benchmark interest rate. According to its introduction, the current joint insurance system in Wenzhou is not able to lend money.

But it is certain that the pressure of survival is a common aspiration of many small and medium-sized enterprises.

Wang boss, who is doing garment accessories business in Foshan, is also having a hard time this year. In the words of Wang boss, his company has many large customers like Semir. It has been regarded as "very moist" in the same industry, and many of its peers are not doing enough business this year. And what he said is nourishing, that is, "monthly cost and profit can be flat."

For Wang boss, the biggest pressure is not the "financing difficulties" described by those enterprises, but the "raw materials".

According to its introduction, "our raw materials are cotton yarn, and 80% of the cost is on cotton yarn. The price of cotton yarn at the beginning of last year was about 18 thousand ~1.9 yuan / ton. In June and July of last year, the price of cotton yarn rose all the way along with the increase of cotton prices. It reached its peak in eleven February last year, about 47 thousand ~4.8 yuan / ton. And the collar we made from 1.5 yuan to 2.5 yuan / article, the price rose only 1 yuan, greatly squeezing profits.

Generally speaking, the price of raw materials will eventually be passed on to consumers, and this year's clothing prices will rise a lot. However, Wang believes that because of the rise in clothing prices, consumer acceptance is not stable this year, resulting in an overall 10%~20% reduction of the company's total customer orders.

The deputy general manager of Henan Zhengzhou feels that this year's colleagues feel the pressure of survival is very great. "Enterprises are living in the upstream and downstream industry chain, your funds are not tight, do not guarantee that the upstream and downstream industry chain partners are not nervous, sometimes produce conduction effect. The manufacturer should take the advance payment first, then store some goods at home, and often credit the funds. The difficulty of capital turnover is in inventory, but the price of steel is changing, so inventory needs to be very cautious. Some of our peers have gone bankrupt this year. If we go on like this, there will be more deaths.

Five reasons create difficulties for SMEs.

The cost pressure is parallel to the financing pressure, and the small and medium-sized enterprises are hanging by a thread.

The insiders of the Dongguan Association of Taiwanese businessmen even told this newspaper that many enterprises could not get a single profit this year, and their profits would slide. It would not be easy for them to "keep safe", and profits would be 1%~2%.

"It can be said that SMEs financing this year is harder than 2009. The policy of 2009 is to encourage financial institutions to lend loans to small and medium-sized enterprises, and the credit scale is also liberalized. This year is the credit crunch and banks will tend to protect key customers. " The governor of a financial institution in Zhongshan told this newspaper that he thought that the survival of SMEs this year was worse than that in 2009 based on 5 reasons: financing difficulties, slow recovery in European and American economies, resulting in export restraint, inflation leading to difficult business and labor costs. Many small and medium-sized enterprises have low value-added products and limited profits. {page_break}

"Taking financing difficulties, in 2009, in the market competition of financial institutions, the interest rate of many loans can also go down by 10%. This year it has only risen, and many banks have tight funds and no loans can be released. Although there was panic for some time in 2009, the price of raw materials was low, and the profit margins of enterprises were relatively large. Wages for workers this year increased by at least 20% compared with 2009. The governor of a financial institution in Zhongshan sighed with emotion.