Zhejiang Boss Fled &Nbsp; Behind The Breakup Of Smes' Capital Chain.

If the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises fled, it was because Capital chain Then, what are the reasons behind the failure of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises?

As early as April this year, there were Zhejiang News of the owners fled: in Wenzhou, following the three flag group, Portman and Jiangnan leather bankruptcy, the owner of the company disappeared, and the boss of Xintai group disappeared, causing an "earthquake". Now, in addition to Wenzhou, Yiwu, Taizhou and other places have also occurred business owners fled.

What are the hidden dangers and hidden dangers behind the collective run away phenomenon of small and medium-sized enterprises in Zhejiang? What kind of difficulties have they faced in the survival and development of SMEs?

　 Owners of small and medium sized enterprises escape

Relevant data show that the owner of the group fled Wenzhou. Since the beginning of this year, Wenzhou Since the financial crisis occurred in some enterprises, more than 90 bosses have been out of debt, and 3 people have returned to China. The second was Taizhou, and by the end of September, there were at least two bosses who had committed suicide because of the broken chain.

At the end of last month, Zhou Dewen, President of Wenzhou SME Development Association, said in a media interview: "private lending is the last straw to crush enterprises. Since April, the 27 businesses run by the boss are related to private lending.

During the national day, the central government, Zhejiang province and Wenzhou city launched a series of measures to help SMEs, especially to individual enterprises. For example, the government of Wenzhou asked the bank to "no money or no loan" for Xintai group, and the Pujiang county government of Wenzhou provided 30 million yuan Bridge Fund (a short-term financing facility, with a term of 6 months), which was used for the repayment of the loan of Xintai new energy Co., Ltd. of Zhejiang, Xintai group.

But business owners fled and continued to spread.

In October 18th, it was reported that the owner of Yiwu Jane Nuo chain investment group absconded with the money left nearly 300 "man capital" hairdressing chain stores. It is understood that the hair salon in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jinhua, Lishui, Zhoushan, Suzhou, Wuxi and other places.

In addition, more and more unnamed small businesses fail and owners' escaping cases can not be counted.

Four factors besieging small and medium enterprises

Monetary tightening policy

Chen Hui (a pseudonym) is the owner of an independent brand clothing company in Ningbo. With less than 100 employees, the garments produced are exported both internally and externally.

"Now the bank, it's hard to listen to, for our small and medium-sized enterprises is an iron chicken. In an interview with reporters, Chen Hui said with great reluctantly.

Since the beginning of this year, the central bank has repeatedly raised the deposit reserve ratio. This corresponds to the further deterioration of the financing environment of enterprises. The direct expression is that bank loans are more difficult and financing costs continue to rise. "The annual interest rate for loans has risen to around 30%. Even so, we are in urgent need of money, and all kinds of examination and approval procedures are very troublesome, so we might as well find other ways." Chen Hui said.

Chen Hui told reporters that the proportion of private lending is also higher than that of banks. With a set of market value of 1 million 800 thousand yuan, the house mortgage can be credited to 1 million 200 thousand yuan, if it is a bank, it can only borrow about 700000 yuan.

Because financing is very difficult at present, Chen Hui has taken some measures such as compressing orders, layoffs and subtraction, and so on. His company can still operate normally: "this year's big environment is not good enough, and then we are going to burn it again, looking forward to the warmer policy." {page_break}

Loan sharking

In the tight monetary policy environment, private lending can really be solved for a while, but professionals also point out that non-standard, blind private lending behavior will aggravate the burden of enterprises, resulting in a vicious circle of corporate capital and interfering with the normal financial order.

"After high interest liabilities, the financial expenditure has further increased, making it worse for enterprises with poor benefits. Although it is urgent to solve the problem at the moment, the limited benefits of the high interest liabilities absorbed by the enterprises often result in no gain. Some enterprises are unable to pay their debts due to maturity. They often absorb the new high interest payments to repay the mature high interest liabilities, take advantage of the wall to make up for the west wall, and the assets of enterprises are hollowed out and form a vicious circle. The source said.

During the Mid Autumn Festival this year, Wenzhou's Tang Feng shoe industry boss Huang Bo he disappeared because he could not repay it by usury.

The two factory building of Huang Bohe's Tang Feng shoe industry, which he bought from another person, is only 24 million 800 thousand yuan of factory buildings. Huang Bohe only pays 3 million yuan, and the remaining agreement is paid in one year.

Because it can borrow money from banks to low interest rates, Huang Bohe came up with a way to borrow money from usurious loans, to repay the factory's house first, then to mortgage the factory premises, to the bank, and finally to repay the usury borrowed from the bank.

Things didn't go so smoothly as Huang Bo crane. After borrowing 6 million yuan usury and paying the landlord, Huang Bai crane negotiated with the landlord many times, hoping that he could handle the transfer procedures, but all of them were rejected. Property can not be transferred, and Huang Bo crane naturally can not borrow money from the bank, return usury is even more difficult to mention.

It is understood that the 6 million yuan usury is based on 5 points profit, such as Tang Feng shoes such a small business lending period generally does not exceed 3 months. If calculated according to two months, with 5 points profit and 6 million yuan usury, the interest will be 300 thousand yuan per month, and two yuan will be worth 6 million 600 thousand yuan if it takes advantage of the profits. If the overdue period does not return, it will also make a profit, while the Tang Feng footwear industry has a net profit of only 500 thousand yuan.

"The snowball is bigger and bigger, and the hole will not be filled." An insider informed.

　 Recruitment is hard to blindly increase employee benefits

Yiwu is currently the largest small commodity distribution center in the world. It has a number of advantageous industries such as clothing, accessories, zippers, knitwear, wool spinning, printing, toys and so on. Due to the development of foreign trade, it is also the largest county in the world.

Li Chao (a pseudonym) has worked in a garment processing enterprise in Yiwu. This company has been established for over 20 years, and has more than 100 employees.

About the recent escaping disturbance, Li Chao told reporters that the problem of labor shortage and recruitment difficulties in Yiwu was very serious. Many enterprises have increased their welfare and wages by attracting more employees. Some companies even blindly vote for their employees. The company promises a 5% increase in wages and a 7% increase in the other and some even to 10%.

"Correspondingly, only the wage expenditure, some enterprises will have an extra load of 1 million yuan. It does not include welfare benefits such as staff travel. " Li Chao said, "small and medium-sized enterprises in Yiwu are mostly export oriented. In the second half of this year, because of the problems of foreign exchange and RMB appreciation, the profit margins of enterprises were compressed, and many enterprises could not fulfill their commitments to employees. Plus many loans are running businesses, capital turnover problems, but under no choice but to run.

According to Li Chao, the area where their company has closed down several factories in the second half of the year, and many powerful enterprises began to cut down the number of layoffs.

Li Chao told reporters that his company was good enough to maintain basically: "in addition to constantly improving their products, they are selling at low prices, exchanging goods with money, making new goods with money, and letting money flow faster to get through the shortage of funds." {page_break}

Poor management, mutual protection, fire and even Battalion

In May 2011, Lu Liqiang, the chief executive of Taizhou pearl Steel Group Zhejiang Steel Structure Co., was found drowned in the park. It was rumored that it owed 470 million yuan in debt, including 270 million yuan loans to financial institutions and 172 million yuan of private loans. Lu Liqiang also guarantees 70 million yuan, involving at least 5 banks.

Related sources said, due to lack of funds, from the end of last year, Lu Liqiang's company often shut down. Lu Liqiang had to borrow money from financial institutions in a variety of ways, such as mortgages, and borrowed money from society in a variety of ways of mortgage. In Lu Liqiang's 172 million yuan loan to society, the loan from enterprises is only 250 thousand yuan, and other loans are borrowed from individuals. Among them, a pen reached 10 million yuan, the monthly interest rate reached 7.5 points (equivalent to 90% per annum), but Lu Liqiang has not paid interest in two months.

Lu Liqiang was determined to pick up clothing related industries and enter the embroidery computer equipment industry. He introduced the Shanghai team to set up item company, which accounted for 55% of the shares and the Shanghai team accounted for 45% of the shares. However, after a year later, the two sides broke up because of the inconsistency of management concepts. Lu Liqiang also withdrew from the project. From 2009 to 2010, Lu Liqiang had been approached by a yacht brand company in Italy, but he failed to wait for orders from Italy.

In spite of the huge debts, Lu Liqiang's big gamble has also been widely heard. People said that in recent years, Lu Liqiang frequent access to Macao. Since 2007, Lu has been to Macao 30 times, 13 times from January to May this year.

In July 2011, Liang Xingzhi, the chief executive of Industrial and Trading Company in Luqiao, Taizhou, fled. The reason was that he provided loan guarantees for two other enterprises.

According to people familiar with the matter, the giant company guaranteed 5 million yuan for Hengli company and secured 5 million yuan for the ding industry company. In the second half of the year before last year, ding industry took a piece of land in the Development Zone, about about 40000000 yuan, originally intended to mortgage the property to the bank, but the actual bank only secured 35 million yuan. The funding gap of 5 million yuan has led to the problem of the mutually guaranteed debt chain, of which 3 of the business owners who are guaranteed and heavily indebted have made the same choice and fled.

　 Fourth quarter policy to solve difficulties

In October 24, 2011, China small and Medium Enterprises Association released the development index of China's small and medium enterprises in the third quarter of 2011. In the three quarter, China's SME development index (SMEDI) was 97.2, down 3 points over the two quarter, falling below the 100 threshold for the first time. With the steady slowdown of economic growth and the high inflation pressure, and the tight macroeconomic situation of the national monetary policy, the continuous decline of the SME development index since the third quarter of last year has not yet been reversed.

According to the data, the total production and sales volume of 69% of the surveyed enterprises decreased or even compared with that of the same period last year, and 71% of the enterprises' orders decreased or remained flat compared with the same period last year. In the export oriented foreign trade enterprises, only 18% of the enterprises' foreign orders increased compared with the same period last year. Export oriented foreign trade enterprises feedback, on the one hand, foreign orders greatly reduced, on the other hand, domestic raw materials and various costs rose, resulting in almost no profit for enterprises, many enterprises chose to cut production and stop production.

Recently, Xiao Chunquan, director general of the Ministry of industry and information technology monitoring and Coordination Bureau, introduced the operation situation of the national industrial communication industry. He said that the fourth quarter will focus on alleviating the current difficulties in the operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, and will also work with relevant departments to study policies and measures to further promote the development of SMEs.