The Revolutionary &Nbsp From "Head" To "Foot"; The Change Of Chinese Costume In The Past Hundred Years

In the three year of Xuan Tong, October 10th, 1911, the armed uprising broke out in Wuchang. On the second day of the uprising, the revolutionary army, wearing the new army uniform, dragged the former Qing army twenty-first into a joint Li Yuanhong to pull out of his hiding place. revolution 。 According to legend, on the same day, he cut off his braids or cut his braids. Whether the braid is cut or cut, the first thing that this revolution seems to have to cut off is the stupid braided pigtail.

In the following year, in February 12th, the queen mother of the Forbidden City raised the imperial decree in the name of Emperor Xuan Tong and announced his abdication. On that day, foreign minister Hu Weide and others took the imperial edict, did not kneel down and kowtow as usual, but bowed to the dynasty. After reading the imperial edict, the queen mother burst into tears. She was really sad, and lamented that the more than 200 years of the Qing Empire ended in the hands of her orphan and widow. Perhaps she also heard that Yuan Shikai, the Prime Minister of the Qing court, which was heavily relied on by the court, had been cut off the night before. Plait 。

The biggest change in the early Republic of China is that of men. Braided braid And women's feet.

Indeed, for the vast majority of ordinary people, in the early years of the Republic of China, the revolution, republicanism and reform were directly touched by men's braids and women's feet. Similarly, the revolutionaries who won the regime first abolished the braided hair and the foot binding of millennial Han customs, which is actually a mass enlightenment of the revolutionaries.

The important symbol of Xinhai's change is its braids. The Chinese men who have been doing the Qing Dynasty for nearly three hundred years once again face the problem of pigtail retention.

In 1912, the provisional government of the Republic of China was established in Nanjing. Sun Zhongshan, the interim president, issued a decree for braids, calling the whole country: "the deadline is twenty days." The braided plait is the first step of the breakup between the revolutionist and the Qing Dynasty. With joy or fear, the braid of the man's brains is undoubtedly the object of revolution.

The braided braid is regarded as a symbol of "revolution" and is also a "civilization" act. But in many places, the scissor still needs to be carried out by the revolutionary army with scissors. There were reports of panic in the face of the soldiers' scissors, and "ran back to the countryside with their braided piglets. The army pursued from behind, and the villagers were forced to jump into the river to save for others, and not to be drowned." And so on.

However, facts prove that the naivete of the revolutionary party and the braid of feudalism are not to be cut in twenty days. There are still a lot of people who are attaching a braid. Some people have their plaits on the top of their heads. In particular, the former Qing palace room is still the focus of plait. In 1913, the Ministry of internal affairs of the Republic of China contacted the interior office of Qing Dynasty, hoping to persuade old men to cut off plaits. In 1917, "braided Shuai" Zhang Xun took four thousand pigtail troops into Beijing to resume. In the meantime, there was a folk dance in Beijing city. There was a folk song: "no braids, no braids, scissors and Zhang Xun."

In order to cut the braids thoroughly, the government of the Republic of China promulgated the decrees of braided decrees again and again in three places. In 1912, the interim government gazette No. 29 published the presidential decree of the Ministry of the interior, indicating that all the people will be braided. In June 1914 (three years of Republic of China), the Ministry of interior once again issued the six exhortation rules, which required officials and ministers to cut plaits because there were still more than ten stubborn braids in the Senate.

The same problem with men's braids is women's feet. In March 1912, Sun Zhongshan ordered the Ministry of internal affairs to advise the provinces to ban foot binding. He said, "when this is abolished, new customs should be abolished to cultivate the country." In 1916, the Ministry of interior also issued the Ministry of interior's consultative advice on women's binding feet in all provinces:

It is a long time to criticised women's foot binding, the world's bad habits, and their bad habits. In the five quarter and the two Song Dynasties, although the wind was ablaze, Lok Hu San Fang was regarded as a beautiful woman. Xi Fei wins the whole nation. It is very popular in the country.

The habit of foot binding is very deep. It is no easy task to persuade women to do so. "There is nothing more than crying and laughing. At that time, people really took their feet than their heads. (Feng Jicai's three inch Golden Lotus)

By 1928, the government of the Republic of Nanjing once again released the regulations on the prohibition of women's foot binding, so that women around the country must be liberated, and they should make different demands on women under fifteen years of age, fifteen to thirty years old, and women over thirty years of age. At the beginning of the Republic of China, on the one hand, the "Heaven foot meeting" and "putting foot meeting" were active in all parts of the country, and appealed for enough feet; on the other hand, women's feet were also entangled and put in various forms, so there were various new terms about foot, which were popular, what was tied up, feet tied, feet and feet, fake feet, half ties and half feet and so on.

Like men's braids, it is hard to eradicate the bad habits of the millennium. In 1928, the government of the Republic of Nanjing also issued the regulations on Prohibition of storage and braid, which was more severe and more specific.

It is worth noting that from 1912 to 1928, the wording of the "decree" and "foot" decrees of the Republic of China gradually escalated from "exhortation", "persuading prohibition" to "Prohibition" and "ban". Bad habits are so hard to cut, they must be astonished. The psychological braids and foot binding consciousness of Chinese are far more stubborn than imagined. Yan Fu once said, "it is said that the difference between Chinese and western philosophy is most different from that of the Chinese. The next 54 movement shows that the revolution of 1911 is far from complete. The builders of the new regime have to cut off the braids of feudalism far more difficult than to drive away an emperor.

For example, the two most famous braids in the early Republic of China were warlord Zhang Xun, who was called braided handsome; and Professor Gu Hongming of Peking University. The former is marked by braids, and the conservative forces support the restoration. It is a royalist who ignores the current situation in the early Republic of China. The latter is a cultural gentry who is knowledgeable and knowledgeable in Peking University. When he dragged the grey braid into the classroom and was laughed at by the students, the scholar of Chinese and western universities was right in his face: "although I have braids behind my head, do you still have braids in your brain?"

Gu Hongming left the world with braids in April 1928. In September of that year, the declaration published a survey in Beijing. There were 4689 men in Beijing.