4:&Nbsp For Textile Industry; Breakthrough Of Cotton System Reform

In China, cotton is the second largest agricultural economic crop besides grain, and is also an important raw material for the textile industry. Based on the important position of cotton industry in the national economy, how to guide its healthy and orderly development has always been an important aspect of macroeconomic regulation and control.

In 1998, the State Council issued the decision on deepening the reform of the cotton circulation system and the document promulgated by the State Council in 2001 to further deepen the reform of the cotton circulation system. It has made clear that the cotton purchase should be liberalized, the monopoly operation should be broken, and the cotton reserves should be separated from the operation. China The end of cotton planned economy era, the beginning of domestic cotton price is really formed by the market.

In 2003, the state imported additional 1 million 500 thousand tons of imported cotton quotas and customs duties of 1%, except for the 856 thousand tons of imports that were originally promised to join WTO. This means that China's cotton prices begin to link up with the international cotton prices.

The marketization and internationalization of cotton price formation mechanism is an inevitable trend. China's cotton system reform has made great achievements, but some key links still need to be breakthroughs, such as how to stabilize domestic cotton production and so on.

China's arable land is limited and there is a serious contradiction between grain and cotton. The ups and downs of cotton prices, the influence of natural climate, the characteristics of cotton producers in China and the complete autonomy of planting cause the domestic cotton area and output to fluctuate greatly, which is extremely unfavorable to the stable development of China's cotton industry. From the current national conditions, the cotton planting area is more stable than 80 million mu, and then the domestic cotton output will be stabilized at 8 million ~900 million tons through the increase of yield and quality. Imported It basically meets the domestic cotton consumption.

The experts said in an interview with reporters that the most fundamental and effective measure to solve the stability of cotton planting area is the minimum purchase protection price system. The minimum protective price should be based on the comparison of grain and cotton prices and the price of cotton and other commodities, the supply and demand of cotton at home and abroad, the cost of cotton production, and the price of labor. They suggested that some subsidies could be followed by imitating the countries with better agricultural subsidy policies. Of course, when the subsidy policy is put forward, it will be opposed by many people. The reason for this objection is that subsidies after the entry of WTO are contrary to the provisions of WTO and the trend of global economic integration. However, the implementation of subsidy policy will ultimately depend on whether it is in line with the interests of the country, rather than depending on the rules of a game. Therefore, in the United States, which has the highest marketization level, the government should subsidize farmers in cotton production for at least three or more.

At the same time, it is very important to adjust the quantity of imported cotton scientifically and stabilize China's cotton market through effective national means. When China joined the WTO, it promised to import 894 thousand tons of 1% tariff per year, and now China's cotton shortfall is far beyond that amount. Every year, the country increases the import quota of cotton outside the tariff rate of 1%, and the part of the issuance rate is sliding tax rate, sliding tax is paid at the rate of 5%~40%, the base price is 11397 yuan / ton. In 2008, the benchmark price is calculated at a fixed rate, plus 570 yuan / ton.

The quota of the additional issuance is mainly determined by the national development and Reform Commission (NDRC) this year. domestic The gap between supply and demand is dependent on the size of the supply and demand, but a key problem here is the inaccuracy of the domestic output and consumption statistics, resulting in frequent or rare emissions. Therefore, accurately grasping the output and dosage is particularly important for the regulation of the issuance quota.

In this regard, textile enterprises call on the state to consider cancelling the import quota of cotton and liberalized imports, so as to ensure that textile enterprises meet the demand for high-quality cotton. If the import quota system can not be cancelled for a while, the enterprises suggest that the issuance of the quotas outside the tax quota can be released according to the supply and demand of the domestic market, the quantity can be relaxed appropriately, and the validity period of the quota can be extended appropriately. This is convenient for all kinds of subjects to grasp the opportunity of import in different periods according to market changes, and avoid domestic quotas. focus It provides an opportunity for foreign funds and cotton traders to raise the price of hyped cotton.