Shandong: Comparative Low Efficiency &Nbsp; Farmers' Willingness To Grow Cotton Is Low.

Shandong: low efficiency, low willingness of farmers to grow cotton and low innovation

Spring plowing and planting, at this time of the year, Ma Zhaowu, the oil farmer in Macun, Shandong, Gaoqing County, was busy planting cotton, but this year he was very idle.

"I stopped breeding cotton seeds.

Now we are short of work everywhere, and odd jobs can earn ten thousand or twenty thousand a year.

Ma Zhaowu has already found a housekeeping company's work. According to him, he has at least 50 yuan a day.

He counted the accounts for the journalists. About 25 workers were employed in the cotton growing season, and 450 kg of seed cotton per mu. The unit price went up to 4 yuan, and the mu income was 1800 yuan, excluding the artificial removal of the production cost of 300 yuan, and the average net income of Mu was 1500 yuan.

Grain for two quarter employment is also 12, because the land is more than saline, wheat and corn are calculated according to the yield of 800 kg per mu, plus the total income of subsidized Mu also get close to 2000 yuan, excluding the artificial removal cost of 500 yuan, according to the pure income comparison, the benefit of planting cotton and grain is the same, but in fact, the grain and ploughing species harvest a telephone, the machine is solved, and the middle reaches at most two or three times, saves labor and time; planting cotton, medicine, pruning, picking, it is much more laborious and time-consuming.

Gaoqing County is located in the northern Yellow River flooded area. The alkaline soil is more suitable for cotton growth. It is a hundred kilograms of lint county and a pilot county of cotton industrialization in China.

The county used to grow cotton in every household. During the peak period, the county cotton area reached about 300000 mu, accounting for more than half of the county's arable land area.

Han Zhaopu, senior agronomist of Gaoqing cotton production office, said that the cotton field area of the county must be reduced this year than 100 thousand acres last year.

Judging from the local market, from 2009 to 2011, the price of seed cotton scale was 4.6 yuan, 7.3 yuan and 3.6 yuan per catty respectively, but if the farmers were less than 4 yuan per catty, the farmers would not have any enthusiasm.

What's more, farmers now have more opportunities to work and pay more and more attention to labor costs.

According to the cotton trade network in China and the cotton association of Dezhou, a survey of cotton planting areas in northern Shandong Province has been made. This year, farmers' willingness to plant cotton is on the low side. It is estimated that the cotton planting area will be reduced by more than 20% in 2012.

Dongying and Binzhou declined slightly because of the more salinization of the land, and more than 30% of Dezhou and so on.

In fact, in the process of structural adjustment, cotton is usually the first choice to cut down, but it is still one of the most important cash crops in our province, with an area of about 12 million mu, accounting for about 1/4 of the province's cash crop planting area.

In the past 10 years, the import of American cotton has increased by more than 20 times.

These days, in the streets of Gaoqing Tang Fang Town and surrounding areas, He Chuanwen, a cotton broker in Meng Jun village, and his companions, though collecting cotton every day, can mostly return empty handed.

"According to past years, when people are at this time, they will make moves regardless of their ups and downs.

As the weather gets warmer, the cotton seeds will fall down to a grade, and the price will fall. "

This year, many cotton farmers "do not buy" and insist on selling cotton. In the past, cotton growers mostly sent cotton to his purchase point. Now he doesn't buy the house every day.

Cotton is the rations for cotton spinning enterprises to survive. Over the years, Gaoqing County has built 102 enterprises relying on cotton resources, forming a complete industrial chain of cotton planting, purchasing processing, spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, and clothing.

The county's annual lint processing capacity exceeds 50 thousand tons. In recent years, the county's lint supply is about 20 thousand tons per year.

In order to ensure the continuous production line, besides the local cotton, we need to buy Xinjiang cotton, auction online national storage cotton, import foreign cotton and quota cotton.

Yao Fangqing, general manager of Ying Hui textile, said that cotton prices were not stable. They could only take a little bit of processing and not dare to accept more.

Han Zhaopu said that it is not easy to cultivate and develop an industry, but destroying it is very simple.

Farmers have autonomy in planting land, and there is nothing wrong with abandoning cotton seeds. But if our cotton is totally dependent on imports, it will easily be "stuck" around the neck, and the whole cotton textile industry chain and the national economy will be harmed.

After China's accession to the WTO, China's cotton market was gradually liberalized, and cheap American cotton with high subsidies flooded in. Over the past 10 years, the import of American cotton increased by more than 20 times.

In 2011, the first deficit occurred in the import and export of agricultural products in Shandong. The main products imported were cotton, soybean and other resource commodities, of which more than 1 million 140 thousand tons of cotton were imported, 1.3 times the output of Shandong cotton.

The director of foreign cooperation of the Provincial Department of agriculture in Yongde said that according to the monitoring of industrial damage to two major cotton producing counties in northern Shandong, the cotton planting in these areas generally showed a shrinking trend under the impact of imports, and the pricing power and industrial discourse power also lost risk, and the impact on related industries continued to appear.

Strategic importance should be attached to cotton production.

People in the Shandong Provincial Department of agriculture believe that despite the impact of the debt crisis in Europe and the United States and the slowdown in domestic macro-economic growth, China's demand for raw cotton will fluctuate, but it will still increase in 2012 and will remain at a high level for a long time.

Cotton tends to decrease at home and abroad, and the trend of cotton prices may change to the direction of growers.

It is hoped that through efforts to ensure that the cotton planting area in 2012 will be stable above 10 million mu, the total output will reach 800 thousand tons.

Ma Junkai, Deputy Secretary General of Dezhou Cotton Association, believes that cotton is also a strategic resource, but compared to grain, the importance of cotton is far from enough. For example, grain has agricultural subsidies and other comprehensive subsidies, and cotton has only 15 yuan subsidy.

Cotton subsidies to the United States reach 80% of cotton farmers' income, and cotton farmers need not worry about market fluctuations.

Our country should also draw lessons from it gradually, subsidize cotton production, and directly subsidize cotton farmers, so as to arouse the enthusiasm of cotton growers.

As a big cotton farmer, Li Wenwen of Liu Fang village, Changjia Town, Gaoqing County, looks forward to improving varieties -- cultivating a "no cotton repair", because the low efficiency of cotton seed is very important in manual labor. If cotton is not needed to be trimmed and trimmed, it can save a lot of labor.

In this regard, Han Zhaopu's proposal is to raise the level of mechanization as soon as possible. Cotton has initially realized mechanization in the ploughing and hoeing and sowing stage. However, a lot of labor is needed in the important links such as pruning and picking up. The large cotton picker is often expensive, so the small and medium-sized cotton picker technology suitable for small plots is not mature, so the relevant departments should make efforts to study it.

Sun Qinglin, a member of the provincial CPPCC member who has been working for cotton textile enterprises for a long time, told reporters that the current textile enterprises are very depressed, selling difficulties and underemployment, reducing demand for cotton textiles in Europe and America, and reducing foreign trade orders in domestic textile enterprises.

The tightening of bank funds has resulted in financing difficulties for small and medium-sized textile enterprises, which are mainly private financing, and increased interest costs, making it even more difficult for the originally depressed textile industry.

Cotton mills, like cotton growers, are pushing through.

Yao Fangqing said that in order to reduce the dependence on cotton, many enterprises in the county were involved in the blending technology of fibers and the structural changes of yarns, and involved in the blending yarns of different fibers and different mixing ratios, and developed and applied high-tech new fibers, differential fibers and specialized yarns.

He suggested that in addition to direct subsidies to cotton farmers, we should increase support for cotton spinning enterprises, reduce cotton circulation links, and make cotton prices, quality standards and marketing methods in line with the international market as soon as possible.

He suggested that the value added tax of cotton textile enterprises should be resolved as soon as possible.

China's current value-added tax policy is cotton purchase procurement tax rate of 13%, product sales tax rate of 17%.

This means that even if cotton textile enterprises do not realize value added, they will sell 4% of the original cotton price.

Cotton textile enterprises have assumed high taxes, weakened competitiveness, improved domestic cotton reserves, and encouraged the funds of the agricultural development bank to be used for cotton mills to store cotton, so that cotton enterprises can not be afraid of "grain" in their hands, and enhance their ability to resist market fluctuations.