Small And Micro Garment Enterprises In The Coastal Areas Of Guangdong Are Facing A Dilemma Of Declining Profits Due To Orders Falling.

Weak internal and external demand and internal cost pressures make the situation of small and micro enterprises more difficult.

In the first half of 2012, under the difficult problem of "high cost and difficulty in recruiting workers", "orders fell and profits plunged".

And other small and micro enterprises in coastal areas are facing difficulties in survival.

"Business pressure is high and capital chain is tight. Now we can barely maintain turnover."

Many small and micro entrepreneurs in Dongguan, Zhongshan, Jiangmen, Zengcheng and other places in Guangdong province say that they will persist and expect in the face of difficulties and accelerate technological innovation and pformation and upgrading at the same time.

Order profit double slide, chill increasing.

Guangzhou Hao Yu

Zhang Wenjie, general manager of Textile Co., Ltd., from ten years ago, came to work in Guangdong from his hometown in Hubei. From the beginning, the workers in the garment factory step by step to be the director of the factory, and then he opened his own factory and opened a trading company as a boss.

"This year's feeling is even more difficult than the financial crisis."

Zhang Wenjie said that there were two cowboy costumes companies under the name of a foreign trade oriented foreign orders, and a partner factory was mainly engaged in processing and supplying goods at home and abroad.

At present, in addition to maintaining stable orders with Russia, foreign trade companies have almost no orders in the Middle East and Europe because of the bad market. Meanwhile, domestic orders also declined.

Yan Zhihui, general manager of Guangdong Peng Xin Garments Co., Ltd., also lamented the difficulties faced by small and micro enterprises, such as high cost, high tax burden, difficult financing and recruitment difficulties. "The worst thing is that this year's domestic market is sluggish, and orders are getting less and less.

Yan Zhihui told reporters that despite the summer, but the market demand is still weak, many enterprises still feel "cold".

"Nothing now.

It's off season.

In the past, the off-season didn't go to a holiday. Now most of the time is on vacation.

Guangdong Sheng Hao shoe material Dongguan Office Manager Chen Tongrong said.

Chen Tongrong's factory now reduces production to 1/3. He hopes that the output will increase in the second half of the year, and the situation will improve, but he says he has no bottom in mind.

"Now it is more difficult than in 2008, when enterprises were suddenly thrown away, and now they are slowly consuming and enterprises are suffering more."

From late May 2012 to early June, we went to Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong, Liaoning, Hunan, Sichuan and other coastal areas and the central and western regions to conduct on-the-spot investigation and interviews. We visited 16 cities such as Dongguan, Zhongshan, Wenzhou, Taizhou, Taizhou, Taizhou, Ji'nan, Qi, Qi, Qi, Qi, and so on, and interviewed and interviewed 113 small and micro business owners involved in more than ten industries.

According to the questionnaire analysis, the sales situation of small and micro enterprises from 1 to May this year showed that the overall number of sales decreased slightly on the basis of basic fairness, and that the number of sales decreased was higher than that of the growth.

From a regional point of view, sampling shows that the sales situation of Guangdong enterprises is not good, and nearly 70% (66.7%) of the enterprises' sales orders have decreased to varying degrees, and only 20% (16.7%) of the enterprises have increased sales.

While orders are falling, corporate profits are also falling.

Most of the labor-intensive small enterprises in Guangdong earn money by processing volume. The larger the volume and the lower the cost, the higher profits. But now, everyone is faced with the problem of unordered orders, and they dare not casually reduce their staff members, but also pay for all kinds of costs.

"In the past few years, the profits have been calculated, and 8% of them are less than 6% to 7%.

Normally, 7% of the profits can be guaranteed. "

Zhang Wenjie sighed, "now we get 70 yuan for a pair of trousers, and we earn 5 yuan."

Xia Junhua, general manager of Dongguan Shen Ming Machinery Co., Ltd. told this reporter that "now the economic situation is not good, the demand is declining, we keep the capital to do so, mainly for employees to do something."

He also said that due to changes in supply and demand relations, the market began vicious competition, resulting in further profit decline.

According to the analysis report of the China economic times, the current corporate profit margin has remained at a relatively low level. About half of the enterprises are in the 5% to 9% range, and less than 20% of the enterprises have a profit margin of more than 10%.

The proportion of non profits, losses and low profit margins has increased by more than 30%.

From a regional perspective, nearly 60% (58.3%) of Guangdong's corporate profits generally exceed 30% (33.3%).

Employment Predicament: "unable to recruit, can not afford to, can not stay"

The questionnaire analysis shows that the biggest problem facing small and micro enterprises is labor costs rising by 69.6%, raw materials and other production costs rising by 50% and tax burden being 45.1%.

Among them, the rise of labor costs is the biggest problem faced by small and micro enterprises. This is also a difficult problem that many business owners have reflected in the interview with our reporter in Guangdong.

"It's a big problem now that we can't get it."

Liu Wei, the Deputy Secretary General of the Dongguan branch of the Hubei chamber of Commerce in Hubei, Guangdong, and the general manager of the Dongguan Wei Yan shoe material Co., Ltd., seem to have a headache.

He said, before the door of the factory to hang a recruitment notice, a day to receive dozens of people, can slowly pick, now the advertising hit, one month will not be able to recruit people.

"Now the workers enter the factory like the blind date, look at the factory building, look at the dining hall, look at it, see that the boss is not pleasing to the eye."

Yan Zhihui smiled and told our reporter that it was "ten years of Hedong and ten years of Hexi". When he came to work in Guangdong from his hometown, he found it very difficult to find a job. If he wanted to see the person in charge of the interview, he would have to buy a package of cigarettes or give some benefits to the security guard before he could enter the factory gate.

Yan Zhihui said that with the gradual return of the middle and old generation of migrant workers to their roots, young people who are now out of work do not want to enter the factory from the point of view. Most of them are odd jobs and can not be stabilized.

In addition, the new generation of young workers has a weak sense of responsibility and can play three days a day.

Many people rent a house to live, have no money to find their parents, and a child has a wife and a mother.

"In Guangdong's small and micro enterprises, more than 60% are such a phenomenon."

Zhang Wenjie is very helpless, he told reporters that now a new generation of young workers willing to do odd jobs is mainly convenient, no one cares about them, no pressure.

Once finished, he took the money and did not take the responsibility behind him. He did not care whether the quality was good or not, so the factory was very passive.

"This is not a question of remuneration and welfare. He will not enter the factory. How do you go to" welfare "? How can he be treated?

"Can not afford" is also one of the employment difficulties of many small and micro enterprises in Guangdong.

Tan Cuili, manager of the administrative department of Zhongshan Hai Ji pharmaceutical Bioengineering Co., Ltd., said that labor costs are rising rapidly now and are rising steadily almost every year.

"Our company is far from average at all."

Yu Nengwu, general manager of Jiangmen Bo Xin Lighting Co., Ltd., said that the lighting industry is not as good as before, with low profit and high cost.

Taking labor as an example, the previous labor cost is relatively low. The cost of making a lamp is about fifteen yuan, and the labor cost is at least more than 30 yuan.

"When our factory moved here in 2009, the labor cost was about three yuan and 51 hours, and now it is eight yuan an hour, more than doubled."

Jeans washing plant is also an industry with high labor cost.

Liu Jianyong, manager of Heshun washing water plant in Guangdong, said that during the past few years, the wages of workers have doubled and doubled. In 2009, the odd jobs of 1000 yuan could rise to 2500 yuan this year, and the average wage of the whole factory was around 4000 yuan.

The interview found that prices rose, workers' living costs increased, wage requirements continued to improve, workers' welfare awareness was raised, and the cost of staff related expenses in basic pay increased significantly.

In order to cope with the problem of high cost, many small and micro enterprises try to reduce staffing and use machine production.

Compared with "unable to recruit or afford", "staying" is not only a test for labor-intensive enterprises, but also a test for local talent attracting platforms.

Li Hanchao, director of Zhongshan Hai Ji pharmaceutical Bioengineering Co., Ltd., said that their company is a high-tech small and micro enterprise of bio pharmaceuticals, and highly needs talents with high quality and professional ability.

But the reality is that it is hard to recruit talented people to stay.

"We have cooperation with Zhongshan University, and they will send some graduate students to our platform internship, but many people are very hard to stay. The best talents are often more willing to go to better cities like Guangzhou or Shanghai and Beijing."

He Guorui, deputy general manager of Zhongshan Eureka Natural Medicine Co., Ltd., told reporters that Zhongshan is not bad, but its attractiveness to talented people is relatively small.

During the interview, the heads of many small and micro enterprises of science and technology appealed to the state and local governments to provide corresponding support and platform for talent acquisition and reserve of small and micro technology enterprises.

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Awareness of technological innovation in small and micro enterprises

In the coastal area of Guangdong, it is found that small and micro enterprises have come to a turning point.

In addition to the practical difficulties of "two difficulties and two high" problems, many small and micro enterprises have no brands, low technical content, low added value, limited market capacity and so on. Their own shortcomings have forced small and micro enterprises to upgrade and improve their core competitiveness.

Xia Junhua, general manager of Dongguan Shen Ming Machinery Co., Ltd. is deeply aware of this.

He told our reporter that small and micro enterprises engaged in traditional industrial production are at the low end of the industrial chain, with low added value, low profit margins and weak capability of independent innovation, which are vulnerable to market fluctuations.

At the same time, due to the lack of self technology, the market position is relatively passive, the ability to deal with risks is very low, the ability to resist market shocks is poor, and the pressure of pformation and upgrading is also the biggest.

Small and micro enterprises with technological content or brand, patent and market have stronger ability to resist market risks, relatively small market shocks and even expand business scale. Such small and micro enterprises can master certain initiatives in market changes, even if they encounter market shocks, they can also pform their technology as soon as possible.

And some small and micro enterprises with leading technology can even determine the direction of the industry development to a certain extent.

"Now in such a market state, if we want to survive, we must enhance the R & D capability of enterprises and make products that are different from others."

Chen Tongrong, manager of Dongguan Office of Sheng Hao shoe material, said that its R & D studio in Wenzhou may also increase investment this year.

Small and micro enterprises gradually realize that the harder the market is, the more investment they need to invest in research and development. The more competitive it is, the more innovative it is.

In order to cope with the survival crisis, many enterprises in the survey consciously regard R & D as the focus of future development, and begin to invest more in R & D and innovation design, and further enhance their capability of independent innovation.

Among them, the demand for technological innovation of small and micro enterprises in the eastern coastal areas is most exuberant. Guangdong, Zhejiang and other places, whether clothing, shoes and hats, hardware processing and other labor-intensive enterprises, or chemical, bio pharmaceutical and other technology-based enterprises, have expressed great importance to technological innovation, and regard it as the foundation for future development.

It is estimated that SMEs provide about 65% of the country's invention patents, more than 75% of enterprise technological innovation and more than 80% of new product development.

By the end of 2010, the proportion of small and medium enterprises in national high-tech enterprises reached 82.6%.

The questionnaire analysis shows that in the face of the current economic situation, the development of new products has become the preferred strategy for small and micro enterprises in the face of the current economic situation. More than half of the enterprises (51.9%) are developing new products to cope with the economic difficulties.

A report on the operation of small and micro enterprises in Zhongshan of Zhongshan Municipality in Guangdong province shows that in a complex and changeable economic environment, enterprises with independent technology, independent brand and independent innovation ability generally reflect strong market response ability, and are more confident in completing this year's production tasks.

At the same time, accelerating pformation and upgrading has also become an urgent demand for small and micro enterprises.

Many enterprises consciously regard R & D and expansion as the focus of this year's work, increase investment in independent R & D and innovation design, and enhance their capability of independent innovation through industry university research cooperation.