Introduction To Fashion Design

　 I clothing design Properties of

（1） The Relationship between Fashion Design and Human Body

Clothing is shaped on the basis of human body, which is often called "the second skin of human". Costume design can only be completed by the wearing and display of human body. At the same time, the design is also limited by the structure of human body. Therefore, the starting point of costume design should be people, the end point is still people, and people are the core of costume design.

On the basis of satisfying practical functions, clothing design should closely combine the shape characteristics of the human body, use the appearance design and internal structure design to emphasize the beautiful shape of the human body, develop strengths and avoid weaknesses, fully reflect the beauty of the human body, and show the overall charm of the perfect combination of clothing and the human body.

Although clothing styles vary, they are ultimately limited by the human body. People of different regions, ages, and genders have different body bones, and clothing shapes in the movement and static state of the human body are also different. Therefore, only by deeply observing, analyzing, and understanding the structure of the human body and the characteristics of the human body in motion, can we make full use of various artistic and technical means to make clothing art.

（2） The Relationship between Fashion Design and Political Economy

The change of social politics and the development of social economy have a direct impact on people's dressing psychology and way in this period, which can often form the dressing characteristics of an era. The developed economy and open politics make people pay attention to the exquisite, gorgeous and diversified styles of clothing. In the long history of ancient China, the Tang Dynasty once reached its peak in politics and economy. At that time, women's clothing was exquisite in material, various in decoration, and open in shape, reflecting the elegant and dignified style of dress.

On the one hand, the economic development has stimulated people's consumption desire and purchasing power, which has expanded the demand market of clothing, thus promoting the clothing design to push through the old and bring forth new ones. On the other hand, the demand of the clothing market has also promoted the development of the production level and the scientific and technological level. Industry has used the achievements of artistic creation to become a channel for the dissemination of culture. The development of new clothing materials and the development of production technology have greatly enhanced the expression vitality of clothing design.

（3） The Relationship between Fashion Design and Culture and Art

Under different cultural backgrounds, people have formed their own unique social mentality, which has a huge and omnipresent impact on clothing. We can simply compare the dress styles of the East and the West, and we can see that under the influence of different historical cultures and living customs, there are distinct differences in dress. Generally speaking, the eastern clothing is conservative, implicit, rigorous and elegant, while the western clothing is more innovative, unrestrained, bold and casual. Fashion design should be targeted design, according to people's different cultural backgrounds in the choice of clothing shapes, colors and other changes. At the same time, with the increasing cultural exchanges between countries and regions, clothing design should also absorb the essence of other countries and nations to form its own unique clothing style.

In addition, various artistic trends will also have a huge impact on clothing. For example, since the beginning of the 20th century, abstract constructivism, avant-garde cubism in the 1990s, or returning to nature, retro and other artistic schools and trends of thought have obviously or unknowingly affected the changes in clothing and formed a popular trend.

　 2、 Preconditions of Fashion Design -- T.P.O. Principle

The practical and aesthetic functions of clothing require designers to first clarify the purpose of design, make creative assumptions according to the basic conditions such as the wearing object, environment, occasion, time, etc., and seek a high harmony among people, environment, and clothing. This is the premise that we usually say that clothing design must take into account - - T.P.O. principle.

T. The three letters P.O. represent Time, Place and Object respectively.

1. Time In short, different climatic conditions put forward different requirements for the design of clothing. The shape of clothing, the choice of fabric, decorative techniques and even the shaping of artistic atmosphere are all affected and limited by time. At the same time, some special moments put forward special requirements for clothing design, such as graduation ceremony, wedding ceremony, etc. The clothing industry is also an industry that constantly pursues fashion and popularity. Clothing design should have a sense of advance, grasp the trend of popularity, and guide people's consumption tendency.

2. Place People should always be in different environments and occasions in life, and they need to have corresponding clothes to adapt to these different environments. Clothing design should take into account the needs and hobbies of people in different places, as well as the requirements of etiquette and customs in certain occasions. The design of an evening dress is quite different from that of a sportswear. Evening dress is suitable for gorgeous communication places, and it meets the etiquette requirements of this environment. When sportswear appears in sports occasions, its design must be lightweight and fit for sports needs. An excellent clothing design must be the perfect combination of clothing and the environment. Clothing makes full use of environmental factors and is more attractive against the background. {page_break}

3. The main body and the wearer (Object) are the center of clothing design. Before design, we should analyze and classify various factors of people, so that people's design can be targeted and positioned. Fashion design should carry out statistical analysis of human body shape characteristics in different regions, genders and age groups, and understand the basic knowledge of ergonomics, so as to design scientific and fit clothing. From the perspective of individuals, different Culture The factors such as the figure, education level, personality and cultivation, artistic taste and economic ability all affect the individual's choice of clothing. The design scheme should also be determined according to the individual's characteristics.

　 3、 The Application of the Basic Principles and Rules of Formal Beauty in Fashion Design

The basic principles and rules of formal beauty are the reflection of the analysis, organization, utilization and formalization of natural beauty. Essentially, it is the coordination of change and unity. It is the aesthetic rule that all visual arts should follow, which runs through many art forms including painting, sculpture, architecture, etc., and also runs through the aesthetic rule in clothing design from beginning to end. It mainly includes proportion, balance, rhythm, visual error and emphasis.

1. Proportional proportion is the rule of interrelation, reflecting the quantity ratio between the length and area, part and part, and part and whole of things. For clothing, proportion is the contrast between the dimensions of each part of the clothing. For example, the relationship between skirt length and overall garment length; The contrast between the size of the patch pocket decoration area and the size of the whole garment, etc. The numerical relationship of contrast achieves the unity and coordination of beauty, which is called the beauty of proportion.

2. Balance refers to the state where the two sides are different in quantity and shape but keep balance with each other at the same intersection.

It has two forms: symmetrical balance and asymmetrical balance.

Symmetrical balance refers to the balance of the area, size and material of the opposite sides in the same state. This balance relationship can show a rigorous, dignified and stable style when applied to clothing, which is often used in the design of some military uniforms. In order to break the rigidity and seriousness of symmetrical balance and pursue lively and novel dressing interests, asymmetrical balance is more used in modern clothing design. This balance relationship is based on the principle of not losing the center of gravity, and pursues movement in silence to achieve extraordinary artistic effects.

3. Rhythm, rhythmic rhythm, and rhythmic originally are music terms, which refer to the feeling reflected by the continuous sound, the height between sounds, and the length of intervals. In the visual arts, the points, lines, surfaces and bodies are arranged regularly at certain intervals and directions, and because of continuous and repeated movements, rhythm is also produced. There are three forms of repeated changes, regular repetition, irregular repetition and hierarchical repetition.

The melody and rhythm of these three rhythms are different, and they also have their own characteristics in visual perception. In the process of design, it is necessary to combine the clothing style and skillfully apply it to obtain unique rhythmic beauty.

4. Misjudgment in vision may be caused by the refraction of light and the reflection relationship of objects, or due to different perspectives, different distance directions, and different perception abilities of human visual organs. This phenomenon is called misjudgment.

For example:

(1) Two same straight lines intersect horizontally and vertically, and the vertical line will feel longer than the horizontal line.

(2) Take three rectangles of the same size, and divide them as shown in the figure. Human error will think that the rectangle with more vertical lines is longer than the rectangle with one vertical line.

It can make up for or repair the whole defect to apply the cognition of visual error to garment design. For example, use vertical structural lines or patterns in clothes to cover the fatter figure. Visual error plays a very important role in garment design. Comprehensive design by using the rule of visual error can give full play to the advantages of modeling.

5. Emphasize that clothing must be emphasized to be vivid and eye-catching. The so-called emphasis factor is the most striking part of the whole. Although it is small in size, it has a "special" effect, a powerful advantage of attracting people's eyes, and plays the role of finishing touch. There are many factors that can be emphasized in clothing design, such as the emphasis on location, material mechanism, and sense of quantity.

6. The coordination of change and unity The change and unity is the most basic and important one among the many rules that constitute the formal beauty of clothing. Change means that when different elements are combined, they form a distinct sense of contrast and difference. Change has the characteristics of diversity and sense of movement. Difference and change achieve the coordination of the overall relationship through mutual correlation, echo and foil, so that the opposition between each other is subordinate to the orderly relationship, thus forming a unity, identity and sense of order. The relationship between change and unity is a unity of opposites and interdependence. In fashion design, we should not only pursue the variety of styles and colors, but also prevent various factors from disorderly accumulation and lack of unity. When pursuing the unified style of order beauty, we should also prevent the dull and monotonous feeling caused by the lack of change. Therefore, only by seeking change in unity, seeking unity in change, and maintaining the moderation of change and unity, can clothing design become more and more perfect.

　　 4、 The basic elements of formal beauty

The application of point, line, surface and body in garment design Fashion modeling belongs to the three-dimensional composition category Fashion design is the process of organically combining point, line, surface and body to form a perfect shape by using the formal rules of beauty. Point, line, surface and body are not only independent factors, but also an interrelated whole. An excellent fashion design is the application of ingenuity to various factors in clothing, while making the overall relationship conform to the basic aesthetic rules. The quantity ratio to the whole. For clothing, proportion is the contrast between the dimensions of each part of the clothing. For example, the relationship between skirt length and overall garment length; The contrast between the size of the patch pocket decoration area and the size of the whole garment, etc. The numerical relationship of contrast achieves the unity and coordination of beauty, which is called the beauty of proportion. {page_break}

1. Dots play the role of indicating the position in the space, with the character of eye-catching, highlighting and guiding the line of sight. The different positions and shapes of points in space, as well as the changes of convergence and dispersion, will cause different visual feelings.

(1) When the point is in the center of the space, it can produce a sense of expansion and concentration.

(2) When the point is on one side of the space, it can produce an unstable sense of wandering.

(3) The vertical arrangement of points can produce a sense of straightly stretching slim.

(4) The gradual arrangement of more points with different numbers and sizes can produce stereoscopic and visual illusion.

(5) The orderly arrangement of points of different sizes can produce a sense of rhythm.

In clothing, dot patterns ranging from buttons and fabrics to decorations can be regarded as a perceptible point. After we understand some characteristics of the point, we can use the function of the point properly in clothing design, and creatively change the position, number, arrangement, color and material characteristics of the point, which will produce a surprising artistic effect.

2. The track of a line point is called a line, which plays the role of connecting in space. Lines are divided into straight lines and curves, which have changes in length, thickness, position and direction. Lines with different characteristics give people different feelings. For example, the horizontal line is calm and stable, the curve is soft and round, and the oblique straight line has a sense of direction. At the same time, by changing the length of the line, a sense of depth can be produced, and changing the thickness of the line can also produce shading effects.

In clothing, lines can be represented as outline modeling line, cutting line, dart line, pleat line decorate Line and fabric line pattern, etc. The formation of the form beauty of clothing reveals creativity and expressiveness everywhere. Dior of France is a world famous fashion designer who has unique views on the line design of clothing. He has successively launched the famous fashion silhouette A-line, H-line, S-line and tulip line, which has caused a sensation in the fashion industry. In the process of design, ingenious changes in the length, thickness, density and other proportional relations of lines will produce a variety of forms.

3. The movement trace of the surface line forms the surface. Mask has the nature of two-dimensional space, including plane and surface. The surface can be divided into square, circle, triangle, polygon and irregular accidental shape according to the shape formed by lines. Different shapes of faces have different characteristics. For example, the triangle has a sense of instability, and the accidental shape has a sense of randomness and liveliness. The combination of face to face segmentation, as well as the overlap and rotation of face to face will form a new face. There are several segmentation methods for face segmentation: straight face segmentation, cross face segmentation, oblique face segmentation, and corner face segmentation. The different segmentation of silhouettes, structural lines and decorative lines in clothing produces different shapes of faces. At the same time, the planes presented by the segmentation combination, overlap and intersection of faces will produce different shapes of faces, and the shapes of faces are ever-changing. At the same time, the layout presented by the segmentation, combination, overlap and intersection of faces is rich and colorful. The proportion contrast, mechanism change and color configuration between them, as well as the different application of decoration means, can produce different artistic effects of clothing.

4. A body is a combination of faces and has the concept of three-dimensional space. Different forms of body have different personalities. At the same time, from different perspectives, body will also show different visual forms.

Body is the basic element throughout the clothing design. Designers should establish a complete concept of three-dimensional form. On the one hand, the design of clothing should meet the needs of the shape of the human body and the changes of the human body during movement. On the other hand, the creative design of the body can also make clothing unique. For example, Lssey Miyalci, a famous Japanese fashion designer, is famous as a representative figure in the world's fashion industry because he is good at creating clothing shapes with a strong sense of sculpture in design. His ingenious application of body in clothing has formed his unique design style.

　　 5、 The Three Elements of Costume Design and the Concept of Overall Beauty of Costume

Shape, color and material are the three major elements of clothing design.

（1） Type and Fashion Design

The modeling of clothing can be divided into external modeling and internal modeling. The external modeling mainly refers to the silhouette of clothing, while the internal modeling refers to the internal style of clothing, including structural lines, darts, collar types, bag types, etc.

The appearance of clothing is the main body of design. The interior design should conform to the style characteristics of the overall appearance, and the interior and exterior shapes should complement each other. It is necessary to avoid abandoning the appearance style and blindly pursuing the refinement of the inner shape, because this will have the opposite effect of overwhelming power and fragmentation.

1. Apparel exterior design

As a visual art, garment design can give people a deep impression on the contour, and the shape design is the primary position in the overall design of clothing. The silhouette of outer contour of clothing can be summarized into four basic types: A, H, X and Y. A little change and modification on the basis of the basic model can produce a variety of different shapes. Based on the A model, the tent line, horn line and other shapes can be changed, and the modification of H, Y and X models can also produce more interesting contours. {page_break}

The change of contour line is popular The distinctive features of style evolution, such as the tent shape popular in the 1950s, the wine cup shape popular in the 1960s, the inverted triangle shape popular in the 1970s, the rectangle shape popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and the wide shoulder, low waist, round inverted triangle shape popular in recent years, are shown in Figure 1-9. The designer should have a keen observation and analysis ability to predict or guide the future trend. Although the outer shape of clothing varies, it is inseparable from the basic shape of the human body. The main parts that determine the change of the contour line are the shoulder, waist and hem. For example, the waist is an important part in garment modeling. The tightness of the waist and the height of the waist line are the main factors affecting the modeling. The change of waist from loose to tight can directly affect the change of clothing style from H-type to X-type. H-type is free and simple while X-type is slim and slim. The different changes of waist line height can form high waist, middle waist, low waist and other clothing. The changes of waist line height can directly change the proportion of clothing segmentation, expressing different dressing tastes.

2. Interior design of clothing

The interior design of clothing mainly includes the design of structural line, collar type, sleeve type and parts.

The structure line of clothing has the characteristics of shaping the appearance of clothing, adapting to the body shape and facilitating processing, which is of great significance in clothing structure design. In a certain sense, clothing structure design is the design of structure line.

The structural line of clothing refers to the line that is reflected in each splicing part of clothing and forms the overall shape of clothing, mainly including dart line, pleat and clip line and decorative line. Structural lines can be classified into straight lines, arcs and curves regardless of complexity. Since the human body is a three-dimensional structure composed of undulating curved surfaces, in order to show a three-dimensional effect on the flat fabric, the redundant parts must be removed. In addition to using the plasticity of the fabric to shape it in damp heat, this purpose is generally achieved through the setting of darts and pleats. The darts are sewn and fixed. According to the different positions, they are divided into chest darts, waist darts, shoulder darts, back darts, hip darts, etc. Among them, bust dart is the most critical and important factor in women's clothing. Breast darts have different forms according to the change of styles, and can be transferred mainly by two methods: prototype dumping and cutting and folding.

For example, using the cut and fold method, first cut the dart from the place where the dart is collected to the chest dart, and take the chest dart point as a circle point. When folding the armpit dart, the dart will transfer the position of the cut line to complete the transfer of the chest dart.

The pleat is disturbed in static state, but opened in human movement, which is more changeable and dynamic than province. The design of pleat is mainly decorative, generally including pleat, fine pleat and natural pleat.

The role of the cutting line is to start from the beauty of the shape, divide the clothes into several parts, and then sew them into clothes, so as to make them fit and beautiful. Clip lines can be divided into six basic forms: vertical division, horizontal division, oblique division, arc division, arc change division and asymmetric division.

According to different styles and posture characteristics, dart pleats and clipping lines are skillfully used in the clothing structure design, and the unification and coordination of internal and external structural lines are fully considered, so that the clothing modeling can be more colorful.

The structural design of clothing also includes the design of collar and sleeve. Collar is an important part of clothing. It not only has functionality, but also has decorative appeal. Its constituent factors mainly include: the shape of the collar line, the height of the collar seat, the shape of the fold line, the shape of the collar contour and the modification of the collar tip. Collar type is one of the most changeable parts, mainly including stand collar, pleated collar, flat collar and lapel collar. The shape of the shoulder sleeve is also extremely rich. Its shape includes armhole and sleeve. The common sleeve types can be divided into three categories: raglan sleeve, sleeve fitting and continuous cut sleeve. The design of the collar and sleeve should conform to the overall shape of the clothing and the temperament characteristics of the person. The design of parts in clothing structure mainly includes pocket design, button design, decoration design, etc. The commonly used decoration techniques in decoration design include embroidery, inlay, inlay, roll, swing, plate, etc.

（2） Color and Fashion Design

Scientists have pointed out that people are far more sensitive to color than to shape, so the status of color in clothing design is crucial. When studying the application of color in fashion design, we should first understand some basic knowledge of color.

1. Basic knowledge of color The color world is colorful, but it cannot be expressed through color without the deployment of three basic colors, red, yellow and green. These three colors cannot be blended from other colors, so they are called "primary colors". The color produced by the blending of two primary colors is called "intermediate color", for example, red and yellow are blended into orange, yellow and green. The combination of two "intermediate colors" or primary colors and intermediate colors forms a composite color.

The ever-changing colors can be divided into two categories: color system and achromatic system. All levels of gray, which are composed of black, white and black and white, belong to achromatic system. White is the highest level of brightness, and black is the lowest level of brightness. All colors except the non color system belong to the color system. The color of color system consists of hue, lightness and purity.

Hue: Different colors are called hue, such as bright red, lake blue, medium yellow, etc. Hue is the most important feature of color. According to the order of hue, it can be circularly arranged into hue rings. In the ever-changing color world, the diversity of colors is the primary factor.

Brightness: It is the attribute of color shading, which is caused by the difference in the amount of light reflected by various colored objects.

Purity: also called chroma and saturation, it refers to the purity of a color including color. Red, orange, yellow, green, cyan and purple obtained from spectral analysis are standard solid colors. The higher the purity, the more beautiful the color.

2. Color and clothing designers have strong reactions to color, but not all of them have the same feelings about color. Therefore, the selection and matching of colors in clothing design should fully consider the age, character, cultivation, interest, temperament and other related factors of different objects, as well as the different emotional reactions of people to colors under the influence of different societies, politics, economies, cultures, arts, customs and traditional living habits. For example, the emperors of all dynasties in China advocated yellow and believed that yellow was the symbol of heaven and earth, which made yellow associated with dignity, luxury and holiness. However, yellow is considered as the color of the clothes of Judas, a traitor, in countries where people believe in Christianity, and is a symbol of meanness and disgrace. Therefore, clothing color design should be targeted positioning design.

In design, the form of color matching and combination is directly related to the shaping of the overall style of clothing. Designers can use a group of high purity contrast color combinations to express the passionate and unrestrained tropical customs; The elegant and simple style of clothing can also be reflected through a group of similar color combinations with lower chroma. The most commonly used color matching methods in clothing design are: similar color matching, similar color matching, contrast color matching, and relative color matching. {page_break}

(1) Color matching of clothing with the same color: color matching of clothing with the same color is carried out through different changes in light and shade of the same hue.

(2) Color matching of clothing with similar colors: similar color matching refers to the color matching within 90 degrees on the color phase ring, giving people a sense of gentle coordination. Compared with the same kind of color matching, the color feeling is more changeable, so its application scope in clothing is wider than the same kind of color matching.

(3) Clothing color matching of contrast color: the matching of contrast color refers to the color matching within the range of 120 °~180 ° on the color phase ring, which reflects the bright and bright clothing style, and is mostly used in the design of sports clothes, children's clothes, and performance clothes.

(4) Clothing color matching of relative colors: relative color matching refers to the matching of two relative colors at both ends of 180 degrees on the hue ring. The effect is stronger than the contrast color combination. In relative color matching, attention should be paid to the primary and secondary relationship. At the same time, the contrast effect can be more interesting by adding intermediate colors.

3. Fashion color and clothing design The field of clothing has always advocated fashion awareness. The application of fashion color in clothing is people's pursuit of color fashion, which highlights the aesthetic characteristics of modern life.

Color is endowed with a distinct sense of the times and fashion. Color experts, with their sharp insight, summarized and refined the new colors from the consumer market, and promoted them through the forecast, which became popular and formed popular colors. At present, the International Popular Color Committee holds regular meetings twice a year to predict the trend of popular colors in spring, autumn and winter in the coming year, and publicize it through popular color cards, fashion magazines, textile samples and other media. In modern fashion design, popular colors are more widely used, and the combination of fashionable styles and popular colors is increasingly close. Therefore, designers should carefully analyze and study the laws of fashion color cycle, grasp the timing of fashion, and timely launch fashionable clothes that meet people's aesthetic requirements in order to expand market sales.

（3） Fabric and Clothing Design

Fabric is the material for clothing production, which can be divided into three categories: fiber products, leather and fur products and other products. In order to achieve good results in garment design, it is necessary to give full play to the performance and characteristics of the fabric, so that the fabric characteristics can be perfectly combined with the garment shape and style, and complement each other. Therefore, understanding the basic knowledge of the appearance and performance of different fabrics, such as mechanism weave, pattern, shaping, drape and warmth retention, is the basic premise for good clothing design.

With the progress of science and technology and the development of processing technology, the materials that can be used to make clothes are changing with each passing day. Different materials have their own characteristics in modeling style.

Here we will briefly introduce the modeling characteristics of different materials and their application in clothing design as follows.

1. Soft fabric Soft fabric is generally light and thin, with good drape feeling, smooth modeling lines, and natural stretch of clothing contour. Soft fabrics mainly include knitted fabrics and silk fabrics with scattered fabric structures, as well as soft and thin linen fabrics.

Soft knitted fabrics are often used in garment design to reflect the graceful curve of the human body in a linear simple shape; For fabrics such as silk and linen, loose and pleated shapes are more common, showing the flowing feeling of fabric lines.

2. Cool fabric The lines of cool fabric are clear and have a sense of volume, which can form a full garment outline. Common fabrics include cotton cloth, polyester cotton cloth, corduroy, linen cloth and various medium thick woolen and chemical fiber fabrics. These fabrics can be used in the design that highlights the accuracy of clothing modeling, such as the design of suits and suits.

3. Glossy fabric Glossy fabric has smooth surface and can reflect bright light, with a feeling of shining. This type of fabric includes satin fabric. It is most commonly used in evening dress or stage performance clothes to produce a gorgeous and dazzling strong visual effect. Glossy fabrics have a wide range of modeling freedom in the performance of dresses, which can be simple or exaggerated.

4. Thick and heavy fabrics Thick and heavy fabrics can produce stable modeling effects, including all kinds of thick woolen fabrics and quilted fabrics. The fabric has a sense of physical expansion, so pleats and stacking should not be used too much. In the design, A-type and H-type shapes are the most appropriate.

5. Transparent fabric Transparent fabric is light and transparent, with elegant and mysterious artistic effect. Including cotton, silk, chemical fiber fabrics, such as georgette, satin silk, chemical fiber lace, etc. In order to express the transparency of the fabric, commonly used lines are natural and full, rich in changes of H-shaped and cone shaped design modeling.

In addition to accurately grasping the fabric performance and making the fabric performance play a full role in clothing, designers should also try out new fabrics or explore the application field of fabrics creatively according to the changes in fashion trends, and creatively combine fabrics to make clothing more innovative.

（4） Concept of overall beauty of clothing

With the change of concept, the previous individual clothing decoration design is gradually replaced by the overall design. Modern people pay more attention to the beauty of clothing and the overall matching of clothing. Therefore, in addition to the creation of the three major elements of the clothing itself, namely, the type, color and fabric, the matching and combination of clothing accessories should also be considered in the design process. The main types of clothing accessories are: hats, gloves, scarves, bags, hair accessories, necklaces, earrings, hand ornaments, buttons, ties, shoes, belts, and so on.

In addition to their own important functions, they should also be coordinated with the clothing style, and ornaments play a role in setting off, setting off, finishing touch, etc. Sometimes the design of clothing accessories has also become the main object, a little emphasis on making plain clothing suddenly bright. To sum up, the main functions of clothing accessories for the overall clothing beauty are shown in the following two points:

1. Emphasize that the artistic style of clothing can be strengthened by selecting appropriate clothing accessories, such as the application of Ruyi buttons in modern clothing, which can strengthen the Chinese style Emotion; Cold light metal ornaments strengthen the modern sense of technology of clothing, etc.

2. Perfection When the shape or color of the clothing is not perfect in the visual effect, it can often be corrected and improved through accessories. In terms of color, it can be shown that when the tone of clothing color is too dull, it can be enriched with more beautiful ornaments. In the modeling design, when the center of gravity of the garment is shifted, jewelry can be used to balance it, so as to achieve the artistic beauty of static and dynamic.

　　 6、 The creative process of fashion design

（1） The General Process of Fashion Design Creation

Fashion design is a process of artistic creation, a unity of artistic conception and artistic expression. Designers usually have a conception and imagination first, and then collect data to determine the design scheme. The main contents of the scheme include: the overall style, theme, shape, color, fabric, supporting design of clothing accessories, etc. At the same time, the internal structure design, size determination and specific cutting, sewing and processing technology should also be carefully considered to ensure that the final work can fully reflect the original design intent.

The conception of fashion design is a very active thinking activity. It usually takes a period of thought brewing to form the conception, or it may be triggered by a certain aspect to stimulate inspiration. Everything in social life, such as flowers, plants, insects, fish, high mountains, flowing water, historical sites, paintings and sculptures in the field of literature and art, dance music, and ethnic customs, can give designers endless inspiration. New materials are constantly emerging, constantly enriching the designer's performance style. The universe provides an infinite range of materials for clothing design ideas. Designers can explore themes from the past, present and future. In the process of conception, the designer can express the thinking process by sketching the garment sketch, and then draw a detailed garment design drawing after considering it more maturely through modification and supplementation.

（2） Expression of Fashion Design -- Drawing of Fashion Design Drawings

Drawing clothing effect pictures is an important means of expressing design ideas. Therefore, clothing designers need to have a good art foundation to reflect the clothing effect of the human body through various painting techniques. Fashion renderings are regarded as an important symbol to measure the creative ability, design level and artistic accomplishment of fashion designers, and more and more designers pay attention to them.

There are two forms of painting in costume design: one is costume painting, which belongs to commercial painting and is used for advertising, emphasizing painting skills and highlighting the overall artistic atmosphere and visual effects. The other is the effect and requirements of the clothing effect picture used to express the clothing artistic conception and technological conception. The clothing effect drawing emphasizes the novelty of design, and pays attention to the specific form and details of clothing, which is easy to accurately grasp in the production, so as to ensure that the ready-made clothing can perfectly reflect the design intent in art and technology. {page_break}

The content of clothing design drawing includes clothing effect drawing, plane structure drawing and related text description.

1. The content and expression of the clothing effect picture The clothing effect picture generally uses the realistic method to accurately express the human body's clothing effect. The figure proportion of 8 heads and 8 bodies is generally adopted to obtain a beautiful sense of shape. The new points of the design should be highlighted in the figure to attract attention, and the details should be carefully portrayed. The pose adopted by the model of the clothing effect picture is based on the angle and dynamics that are most conducive to reflecting the design idea and wearing effect. Attention should be paid to mastering the center of gravity of the human body and maintaining the overall balance. The clothing effect picture can be expressed in a variety of painting ways, such as gouache, watercolor, sketch, etc. It is necessary to be good at flexibly using the special expressiveness of different painting types and different painting tools to express the varied and textured clothing fabrics and clothing effects. On the whole, the costume effect drawing requires clear, dynamic and beautiful figure shape, concise pen, clear color, and skilled and fluent painting skills, which can fully reflect the design intent and give people artistic appeal.

2. The plane structure diagram, a perfect fashion picture, not only gives people the enjoyment of beauty, but also ultimately needs to be cut and sewn into ready to wear clothes. The particularity of costume painting lies in the expression of style and modeling design, as well as the clear indication of the structural lines and decorative lines of the whole and each key part and the key points of craft production. The plane structure diagram is to draw the plane shape of the clothing, including the detailed proportion of each part, the structural design or special decoration inside the clothing, and the design of some clothing accessories can also be depicted through the plane diagram. The plane structure diagram shall be accurate and neat, and the proportion and shape of each part shall conform to the size and specification of the garment. Generally, it shall be outlined with monochrome lines, and the lines shall be smooth and neat, so as to facilitate the expression of the garment structure. The plan should also include the fabric selected for the garment.

3. Text description After the completion of the clothing effect drawing and the plane structure drawing, necessary text descriptions should also be attached, such as design intent, theme, key points of process manufacturing, selection requirements of surface materials and accessories, and specific problems in decoration. It is necessary to combine the text with the picture to fully and accurately express the effect of the design idea.

　 7、 Modern ready to wear design

The development of the clothing industry is closely related to the progress of science and technology, the prosperity of economy and culture, and the change of people's lifestyle. The clothing industry has developed from the former manual operation of measuring and tailoring to the large-scale industrial production, forming the serialization, standardization and commercialization of clothing. Nowadays, the cycle of fashion popularity is getting shorter and shorter, which urges the garment industry to constantly reform the status quo and develop into modern ready to wear design and production.

At present, the clothing industry has adopted new organization and management methods, with the help of computer technology, which has greatly changed the situation of clothing design and production. The system currently applied includes the following aspects:

1. Clothing style design and color matching system This is a fast and versatile style design and color matching system controlled by microcomputer. The whole system, including sketch drawing, clothing style and color matching combination, replaces the previous draft paper and pencil renderings, so that the design work can be carried out quickly, accurately and simply on this system. Designers can draw design sketches by using the imaging screen, light pen and data graphic input board, and enlarge or reduce the image shape as required; The basic shapes and components of various clothes can also be made into software for selection and reassembly of design timing. In addition, the color library of the computer can also be used as a palette to change the color of the image in a few minutes and select suitable cloth to obtain the best design effect. If equipped with a TV camera system, various organizations, patterns and colors can be photographed and displayed directly in the design sketch on the screen to enhance the visual effect and improve the design quality.

2. Automatic shifting and nesting system This is a system developed by applying computer graphics to the automatic process of garment production. The computer uses mathematical coordinates to compose a picture, and translates the recorded shape signal into digital information and inputs it into memory. The important characteristics and file pushing of a basic shape can be carried out after the information is stored in the computer and can be drawn on the template paper; At the same time, it can also be used to construct a layout diagram for the layout personnel. This system can assist the drawing personnel in drawing the size, sample maintenance, plate arrangement and material layout, and has the effects of saving cloth, shortening the work cycle, improving production efficiency, ensuring clothing quality and reducing labor intensity.

3. Computer automatic cutting system This is an automatic cutting bed suitable for garment production. This system can automatically and accurately cut the pieces according to the layout diagram completed by the computer and the cutter controlled by a small computer runs on the cutting machine. The completion of these precise pieces also marks the first critical step of garment production automation.