Mechanization Of Cotton Production In The Mainland Is The Only Way To Increase Cotton Output.

Cotton is a time-consuming and laborious job.

It's basically spent at home, "which is the common feeling of cotton growers.

In recent years, with the increase of labor costs and the decrease of cotton planting efficiency, more and more farmers have abandoned cotton cultivation, and have chosen to go out to work or to replant other cash crops.

At the same time, from the perspective of China's social and economic development, in order to alleviate the dispute between grain and cotton, the state must stabilize the cotton planting area at 80 million mu.

On the one hand, China is the largest cotton consuming country in the world, and the annual cotton consumption is about 10 million tons. Under the existing cotton growing area supported by the state, the cotton produced by the country is far from meeting the needs of cotton in China.

Excessive reliance on imported cotton will affect the right to speak in China's cotton market in the international market.

On the other hand, cotton planting has strong labor force, increased production costs, and thus raised the price of the cotton market, reducing the competitiveness of the international cotton.

Therefore, under the condition of certain cotton planting area, the large-scale planting and mechanized production of cotton will become the only way to increase cotton output.

It is understood that in addition to Xinjiang, the degree of mechanization of cotton production in the mainland is very low, which has become the soft rib of mechanization production in China.

How to improve the mechanization level of cotton production in the mainland and reduce the employment of cotton production has become a difficult problem in the development of cotton industry in China.

A few days ago, the first cotton picker line made by the Zhanhua county supply and Marketing Cooperative in Shandong province and the handpicked cotton picker popularized by the supply and Marketing Cooperative of Jiangsu Dafeng City were explored for the implementation of mechanized cotton production in the mainland of China.

Zhanhua County Society:

First production line of machine picked cotton in China

In addition to Xinjiang, only cotton planting in Zhanhua was carried out in the cotton field in the mainland of China. This is mainly restricted by the traditional cotton planting mode in China.

The machine harvested cotton needs large-scale planting, while most of the mainland still continue to carry out the traditional cotton planting mode with single family as the main mode, which hinders the implementation of machine picked cotton. This is also the main reason why Xinjiang has been able to implement mechanized cotton production earlier, but the mainland has not yet developed.

According to Cai Genqing, a supply and Marketing Cooperative in Dafeng City, Jiangsu, although the state has issued a policy to increase the purchase subsidy for the purchase of large cotton pickers from 200 thousand yuan to 300 thousand yuan, the cotton picker will not be used if it does not change the original row planting mode and adopts 76 centimeters of row spacing.

Moreover, there are more impurities in cotton after harvest, and the necessary cleaning equipment is needed.

In addition, the price of a domestic cotton picker is around 1 million yuan, and the imported machinery is 2 million -300 yuan, which is a "sky high price" for farmers.

However, in October 14th, with the first cotton bag in Shandong Zhanhua county supply and marketing cooperatives third

The successful production and processing workshop of the company marks the successful commissioning of the machine picked cotton processing line with a total investment of 3 million yuan, which is also the first pick production line in the mainland except Xinjiang.

Zhanhua county is a national high quality cotton producing county with an average annual cotton planting area of 700 thousand mu. Cotton is one of the main cash crops for farmers to get rich in the county.

Zhanhua County integrates the resources of the whole system, equipment and technology, and sets up the leader in the construction of the cotton operation and service system, the third cotton company in Zhanhua.

"We have been experimenting with cotton picking for several years."

Company manager Li Hua told reporters that the third cotton company, relying on the grass-roots community of the ancient city and Feng family (the largest cotton planting Township in the province), established a "Zhanhua Nong Xing cotton professional cooperative", and established a 1000 mu demonstration base for high quality cotton in the village of Liya village in Feng Jia town. It implemented intensive and large-scale planting of unified seed supply, unified film mulching, unified planting, unified agricultural supply, unified technical guidance and unified acquisition. The cotton quality and output were greatly improved, which greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of cotton growers in scientific and technological cotton planting, and played a good role in promoting the overall development of cotton industry in Zhanhua county.

"Machine harvested cotton has 8000-10000 plants per mu, while artificial cultivation is 3000-5000.

So, no matter what, the output of machine picked cotton is higher than that of traditional artificial planting.

Li Hua said, "this year, the output of machine harvested cotton per mu is about 300 kg, and the picking cost per mu is 160-180 yuan.

The cost of manual picking in the mainland is 1-1.2 yuan / Jin. If we calculate the yield by 500 Jin per mu, the minimum cost will be 500 yuan.

The machine picked cotton not only liberated manpower, but also greatly reduced the cost.

At present, the machine picked cotton planting in Zhanhua county society is still in the experimental stage.

Driven by Zhanhua society, the area of machine picked cotton in this area is about 5000 mu this year.

Dafeng City: imported handpicked cotton pickers

Unlike Zhanhua, Jiangsu Dafeng raised the level of mechanization by picking up cotton pickers from cotton picking, and solved the shortage of cotton picking.

Jiangsu Dafeng is also one of the main cotton producing areas in China.

Cai Genqing told reporters that with the increase in the number of migrant workers, the remaining labor force in the village is very small.

In the cotton picking season, the shortage of labourers has become the biggest problem faced by Dafeng farmers.

Cai Genqing said: "in Dafeng, it takes about four days for a person to work hard to pick up an acre of cotton, and to hire a person for 80-100 yuan a day, plus other costs, some cotton farmers have worked hard for six months, not only making money but also losing money.

In addition, in addition to cotton, many farmers also planted corn, edible sunflower and other crops, if all of the people in the cotton field, the rest of the work will fall.

It is understood that although the wages of workers increased this year, cotton farmers still can not afford to pick up florist.

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In October 2012, the cotton fields in Xinfeng village, the three dragon town of Dafeng City, were very crowded.

I saw a farmer carrying a machine like a hair dryer weighing only 620 grams on the shoulder.

The machine is backed by two straps on the shoulders, a straps attached to the waist pocket, and two thick hose on the bib around the picking arm.

Each hand holds a picking arm weighing about 500 grams, about 50 centimeters long and shaped like chopsticks. After pressing the switch, it touches cotton and the cotton automatically enters the bib from the hose.

In an hour, more than 30 catties of cotton were picked.

If you pick it artificially, you can only pick 10 pounds of cotton.

The energy saving and environmental protection storage battery adopted by cotton picker can work continuously for more than 8 hours.

Hand picking cotton will not contain impurities such as leaves. This new cotton picker adopts needle picking principle, which is cleaner than manual picking, and will not damage cotton fiber at the same time.

The cotton picker has no special requirements for operators. Picking cotton does not need auxiliary equipment, nor is it restricted by planting patterns. It effectively solves the difficulties of low picking efficiency and high harvesting cost of cotton farmers, and reduces the intensity of cotton farmers' operation.

The emergence of handheld cotton pickers has attracted the attention of cotton growers.

Cotton farmers happily said: "picking cotton can finally be mechanized".

Cai Genqing introduced that this is a small machine specially developed for picking cotton in small cotton fields.

Jiangsu Dafeng City Supply and marketing cooperative has taken a fancy to this new cotton picker and is sold by the ho Lun agricultural material company, which is owned by the municipal society. The selling price is 520 yuan per unit.

Since October 10th, more than 1000 cotton growers have bought a new cotton picker.

The cotton growers who bought the machine said: "this machine is really ingenious and practical. The work done by the three or four men can be done by one person.

It not only saves time, but also saves costs.

The mechanization operation of cotton production in the mainland is still under constant exploration.

Cooperatives have become the backbone of promoting the cotton industry's path to agricultural modernization.