Basic Knowledge Of Leather Materials: Characteristics And Differences Of Leather Materials

1. The meaning of dermis

"Genuine leather" in leather products market It is a common term, a habit used to distinguish natural leather from synthetic leather. In the consumer's concept, "real leather" also has a non false meaning. It is mainly made of animal skin. There are many kinds of dermis, different varieties, different structures, and different quality. Price There is also a great disparity. Therefore, leather is both a general term for all natural leather and a vague logo on the commodity market.

From a physiological standpoint, any animal skin has hair, epidermis and dermis. Because there are small mesh bundles in the dermis, they are quite strong and breathable.

The epidermis is under the hair and is tightly attached to it. Genuine leather The upper part is composed of different epidermal cells. The thickness of the epidermis varies from animal to animal, for example, the thickness of the skin of the cowhide is 0.5 to 1.5% of the total thickness, and that of sheep skins and goat skins is 2 to 3%, while that of pigskin is 2 to 5%. The dermis is located under the epidermis, between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue, and is the main part of the skin. Its weight or thickness accounts for more than 90% of raw skins.

2. Raw materials for leather making

The raw material of leather making is animal skins. Although the most common products in our life are pig skins, cowhide and sheepskin, most animal skins can be used for tanning. Only cowhide, pig skin and sheepskin are of good quality and large yield. They are the main raw materials for leather making.

Although there are many kinds of raw materials for leather making, according to a series of laws and regulations issued by the International Animal Protection Ordinance, the raw materials used for production are restricted to a certain extent. The commonly used leather is cattle leather, sheep leather, pig leather and horse leather. {page_break}

3. Characteristics and differences of leather materials

The first layer of leather and two layers of leather: according to the leather layer, there are first and two layers of leather. The top layer leather is grain leather, shaving leather, embossed leather, special effect leather and embossed leather. The two layer leather is divided into two layers of pig and two layers of leather.

Grain leather: in many leather varieties, full grain leather tops the list, because it is made from the superior raw material of less damaged skin. The leather surface is kept in good natural condition, and the coating is thin, which can show the natural flower pattern of animal skin. It is not only wearable, but also has good air permeability. The leather products of Tian Hu series are made of high quality leather products using this kind of leather as raw material.

Shaving leather: it is made by using a leather grinding machine to coat the surface and then press the corresponding pattern. In fact, it is "cosmetic" for the natural leather surface with disability or roughness. This kind of leather almost lost its original surface state.

Full grain leather characteristics: soft leather, wrinkled leather, front leather and so on. It is characterized by complete retention of granules, clear pores, fine, tight, irregular arrangement, plump and delicate surface, elastic and good air permeability. It is a high-grade leather. Leather products made from this cowhide are comfortable, durable and beautiful.

Half grain leather characteristics: in the production process, the equipment is processed and grinded into only half of the grain surface, so it is called half grain leather. It keeps some of the natural leather's style. The pores are flat and oval, irregular in arrangement, and hard in hand. Generally, the raw materials with poor grades are chosen. So it belongs to mid-range leather. Due to the particularity of the process, its surface has no disability and scars, and its utilization rate is high. Its finished products are not easy to deform, so they are generally used in large box products.

Shaving cowhide characteristics: also known as "smooth cowhide", the market is also known as fog surface, bright surface cowhide. It is characterized by smooth, smooth surface, no pores and skin veins. In the process of making, the surface of the surface is slightly grind and modified, and a coloured resin is sprayed on the leather to hide the surface texture of the leather, and then spray the waterborne light penetrating resin, so it is a high-grade leather. In particular, the bright, elegant and gorgeous style of bright leather is the popular leather of fashion leather.

Special effect leather characteristics: the manufacturing process requires the same finishing cowhide. Only the colored resin is coated with beads, metal aluminum or metallic copper without any ingredients to spray the leather synthetically, and then roll a layer of waterborne transparent resin. The finished products have various luster, bright colors, beautiful and luxurious villages, and are popular leather, belonging to medium grade leather. Characteristics of embossed cowhide: use patterned flower plates (aluminum and copper) to warm the leather surface to suppress various patterns and make them into a style of leather. At present, the market is popular with "litchi pattern cowhide", which is to use a flower plate with a litchi pattern, and the name is also called "litchi pattern cowhide".

Two layers of leather: thick skins are made from split leather machine. The top layer is used to make full grain leather or shaving leather. The two layer is made of two layers of leather after finishing or laminating. Its fastness and wear resistance are poor. It is the cheapest kind of leather.

Two layers of cowhide characteristics: the reverse is cowhide's second layer leather material, coated with a layer of PU resin on the surface, so it is also called the film skin. Its price is cheaper and its utilization rate is high. With the change of technology, it has also been made into various grades, such as imported two layers of cowhide. Because of its unique technology, stable quality and novel varieties, the price and grade of the top grade leather are no less than that of the top layer of leather.