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Is It Wise To Abandon Cotton To Grain?

2013/5/14 11:04:00 40

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From P to May, cotton cultivation in Yancheng area of Jiangsu has basically been completed. From the overall situation, the planting area of < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > cotton < /a > is still declining.

Yancheng is a major cotton producing city in Jiangsu. It is also the first national grade cotton producing area which was first published by the State Council. Cotton production has occupied half of Jiangsu Province over the years.

In 2012, the cotton planting area of the whole city was reduced to 1 million 204 thousand mu, less than half of that in 2007.

After 2008, the cotton planting area in Yancheng continued to decline.

Yancheng statistical yearbook shows that in 2007, Yancheng City cotton field was 2 million 830 thousand mu, 2 million 360 thousand mu in 2008, 1 million 890 thousand mu in 2009, and 1 million 500 thousand mu in 2012 for the first time.

Sheyang County under the jurisdiction of Yancheng City is a famous high-quality cotton production and marketing and processing place in China.

In 2002~2007, the average annual cotton planting area accounted for 14.86% of the total cotton planting area in the province. The annual output of lint cotton accounted for 18.13% of the total output of the province. In the normal year, the cotton planting area in the county was above 600 thousand mu, and the total output of lint was over 50 thousand tons.

In 2009, the county's cotton planting area dropped to 500 thousand mu, a net decrease of 150 thousand mu compared with last year.

In 2013, the cotton planting area in the whole county was only about 200 thousand mu, which was 32 thousand mu less than the actual planting area last year, with a reduction of nearly 14%.

now, Sheyang County grain fields and vegetable fields quickly "eat" off the cotton field. "More than 50 cotton textile processing enterprises above the county level, most enterprises may buy cotton from the field later."

Sheyang County Cotton Association experts said.

low yield cotton farmers "abandon cotton" /p >

abandoning the cultivation of cotton for decades, the usual explanation is that the cost of seed cotton has risen sharply and the comparative income has declined.

Although the price of cotton purchase and storage in 2012 was higher than that in 2011, it still could not keep up with the increase in agricultural and labor costs.

according to the Yancheng investigation team of the National Bureau of statistics, the unit price of self employment in 2012 was 42 yuan, an increase of 18.5% over 2011, while the cost of temporary employment of helpers was 25% higher than that of the previous year.

In 2013, the price of cotton plantation labor cost in Yancheng has exceeded 100 yuan, an average increase of more than 10% over the previous year.

According to Shen Jialiang, a large plantation farmer in Haitong village, Haitong Town, Sheyang, during the period of seedling pplanting this year, a working day wage has reached 120 yuan, up 20 yuan over last year, and cotton prices have not risen.

Cao Hengfu, cotton farmer of Haitong town in Sheyang County, planted 15 mu of cotton last year, only 10.5 Mu this year, with 4.5 Mu reduced to wheat.

He said: "if the land pfer plan (refers to the retention of contractual rights, the right to pfer) to his home, he did not even want to grow wheat, because the land pfer fee has risen to 800 yuan / mu, no farm income can also exceed cotton."

in addition, other agricultural products such as corn and rice are popular among farmers because of rising prices, stable income and simple management.

In 2012, the average selling price of cotton in Yancheng area was around 8 yuan / kg.

According to the output of 250 kilograms per mu, the output value of Mu is 2000 yuan, of which the net income is only 500 yuan.

"That is to say, in Sheyang, the annual income of 10 mu of cotton is more than 5000 yuan, and the annual net income of 20 mu is only 10 thousand yuan, so it is better to go out to work."

Only 15 yuan per mu for cotton varieties is available, and 116.5 yuan per mu for rice.

The difference between cotton yield and rice yield is several times that of vegetable and mulberry.

mechanization causes cotton farmers to "change grain" > /strong > /p >

Why do cotton farmers "abandon cotton and change grain"? Ding Liang, director of Sheyang Investigation Bureau of Jiangsu Statistical Bureau, seems to be related to the great changes in the grain planting pattern in Jiangsu Yancheng area in recent years.

According to Ding Liang, it is no longer necessary for farmers to harvest their own wheat or corn.

In many places, the mechanization level of wheat harvest can reach 100%, the cost of mechanized harvesting per mu is only 100 yuan, and it is about 200 yuan for harvesting.

by contrast, if cotton is planted in the coastal area, it is difficult to mechanized cotton picking because of the more rain in the coastal cotton area. Only a large number of labor can be employed, and the whole family of cotton farmers will be tied to cotton fields all the year round.

Low labor intensity and low level of mechanization are important factors for the decline of cotton production.

cotton is the longest growing field of staple crops in the field. The cotton production cycle is long, the technology is complex, the number of employment is large, the intensity of labor is high, and the degree of mechanization is low.

With the massive pfer of rural labor force, the shortage of cotton plantation labor force and the decline of quality are becoming more and more serious, which leads to the difficulty of popularization of technology and the rising cost of labor. This has become an important constraint factor for the stable development of cotton production.

at present, the mechanized operation level of cotton planting is relatively low, and the simple cultivation technology is still under exploration. Therefore, from farm to harvest, a lot of farm work must be done by manpower.

According to the survey conducted by the Yancheng Investigation Bureau of Jiangsu Province, the employment of planting one mu of cotton is 4~5 times that of rice. The cotton area economy is rising rapidly. The wage income of farmers who go out to work is much higher than that of planting industry. The degree of mechanization and the number of workers become the key to farmers to choose crops.

the pattern of abandoned cotton is hard to reverse,

some experts believe that the traditional concept needs to be changed, the main cotton producing areas shift westward, and the main grain producing areas move northward, which is a manifestation of the comparative advantages of all regions. "Abandoning cotton to pform grain" is in line with the central government's intention to adjust the agricultural production pattern.

In 2012, domestic and foreign cotton prices were upside down, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/" target= "_blank" > textile < /a > enterprises use imported cotton more cost-effective.

from the medium to long term, the trend of rising labor costs is irresistible. In the future, the planting pattern and planting structure of Chinese rural areas will undergo fundamental changes.

For example, Xinjiang will become the main planting area of cotton, and the cotton planting pattern of the Mainland mainly in the Yangtze River Valley and North China and Huang Huai Hai will change.

In fact, this change is like grain cultivation. For example, in the past, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta are the land of fish and rice. Now the main grain producing areas are mainly in the three northeastern provinces.

after many cotton farmers "abandon cotton to grain", the raw material of many cotton spinning and weaving enterprises in China will become a new pattern of both raw materials and markets.

The external dependence of cotton will increase. This will profoundly rewrite the pattern of China's cotton textile industry. Cotton spinning processing enterprises should also adapt to the change of international cotton prices and strengthen the risk awareness of imported cotton trade.

according to the survey conducted by the Yancheng investigation team of the National Bureau of statistics, there are already quite a few cotton textile processing enterprises in Yancheng using less than 20% of imported cotton and 95% of them.

With the increase of cotton imports in China, the quality problems of imported cotton have occurred frequently, and many textile enterprises have suffered varying degrees of losses.

Therefore, cotton textile enterprises should fully understand the international a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp" > market < /a > quotes and cotton merchants' reputation, consult the matters needing attention in purchasing cotton at this stage, and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.