Yili Began To Protect Fine Wool Production And Quality.

Xinjiang fine Wool sheep It is a fine breed of sheep bred locally in Xinjiang. Because of the large number of rearing, fine wool production occupies an important position in animal husbandry in the whole country. Since the 30s of last century, Yili has started the crossbreeding and breeding of fine wool sheep, and has bred the first fine wool sheep in China in 1954. Yili is located in the western border of Xinjiang. It is a large animal husbandry area in the autonomous region. It has excellent natural conditions, abundant rain and extensive pastures. It has good conditions for the development of fine wool sheep, especially the NaLaTi grassland in Xinyuan county and the Masha grassland in Zhaosu county.

Fine wool production declined

In the 80s of last century, the development of fine wool sheep in Yili Prefecture was the collective breeding of fine wool sheep by regimental farms, communes, state farms and state owned enterprises. Fine-wool sheep The government of the herdsmen government subsidized the economy. From the last 70s to early 90s, fine wool has been an important means of increasing income for farmers and herdsmen in Yili. For many years, governments at all levels attached great importance to the development of fine wool production, and governments at all levels invested a lot of manpower and material resources every year. Yili's fine wool production accounts for more than 60% in the autonomous region, and its fine wool reaches about 12000t in high yield years.

For many years, Yili fibre The inspection institute has vigorously publicized the "wool quality supervision and management measures", "plush fiber quality management measures" and the GB 1523 - 1993 standard, and supervised the production, sale, purchase and use of woollen wool producers (wool mills) strictly according to the "two methods" and the GB 1523 - 1993 National standards for wool trading. Since the middle of 90s, the production of fine wool in Yili has been decreasing year by year, and the production of native wool has been on the rise.

　 Analysis of the reasons for the decline

1. economic interests drive. In 2003, the shepherd raised fine wool sheep, each year according to the annual yield of Mao 4kg, the purchase price of each kg was 9.5 yuan, the annual income was only 38 yuan, then the mutton was kg40 yuan per year. In 2012, the purchase price of fine wool for each kg was 25~28 yuan, 56 yuan per kg lamb, and all kinds of expenses should be removed. Herdsmen could not get very good economic benefits.

2., the distribution channel is chaotic. After the reform of the wool distribution system, the operation channels were opened and the price was liberalized, but the new standardized operation mode had not yet been established, and individual operators and various companies came to Yili to purchase. Wool circulation The channels are chaotic.

3., national standards can not be well implemented. Individual operators and all kinds of companies do not carry out the "sheep wool" national standard in the wool acquisition transaction. The price fluctuation of wool market has exceeded the affordability of herdsmen, and has also restricted the progress of scientific and technological personnel. Artificial insemination almost disappeared, breeding and mating work could not be carried out effectively. Now only the state farms and a few farmers and herdsmen are raising fine wool sheep. The number of artificial insemination in Yili fine wool sheep decreased from 1 million 700 thousand in 1992 to 200 thousand in 2004. )

4. "net gross price" has not played its due role. With the transformation of the economic system and the opening of the operating channels, the sheep breeding contract has been reared, and the "net gross price" has become a mere formality, which has not been truly implemented, and a large number of economic interests have been obtained by the middlemen, so that the farmers and herdsmen lose their confidence in raising fine wool sheep.

Positive efforts of inspection institutions

Yili Fiber Inspection Institute for Yili Plush The new situation appeared in the inspection work, and arrange and deploy the quality supervision of the plush in the area. One is to ensure the quality of wool inspection work and to achieve "four guarantees", that is, to ensure that the inspection teams are equipped with high efficiency and high efficiency, ensure the inspection equipment and vehicles, ensure the strict implementation of inspection procedures and procedures, and ensure the 100% spot inspection. The two is to make good use of the "two customs", that is to say, strictly control the cuttage and strictly wash the hair. Three is to achieve "two in time", that is, timely inspection, timely issuance of certificates, to ensure the timely trading of wool. Four, we should publicize and raise awareness. During the wool trading period, we should carry out publicity through various forms, so that the majority of farmers and herdsmen Plush operators fully recognize the benefits of quality supervision and notarization of plush, and regulate and guide the healthy development of the plush industry. In 2012, 32 batches of wool were tested and 994.4 tons.

In recent years, the state of Yili's fine wool sheep industry has maintained rapid development from the following aspects: strengthening infrastructure construction, focusing on the introduction of breeding rams, carrying out standard production, implementing half feeding, vigorously implementing various measures and training industrial technicians. The counties, regimental farms, township governments and animal husbandry departments in the fine wool production area should perform their functions conscientiously and do well in the ingredients and technology promotion of fine wool.

Suggestions: the state and local governments and relevant departments should increase investment in animal husbandry in Yili, provide preferential policies, encourage and guide farmers and herdsmen to raise more sheep, especially fine wool sheep, and subsidize policies, giving preferential treatment to units and individuals who can implement the national standard of sheep wool. The herdsmen who have made achievements and contributions to the development of fine wool sheep are subsidized; the interests of herdsmen are protected, and the relevant departments should take measures to pool the resources and work in a three-dimensional way so as to put the "net gross price" into practice. According to the quality and the high quality and high price, the herdsmen can get real benefits and raise the enthusiasm of farmers and herdsmen in raising fine wool sheep.