The "Troubles" Faced By Cashmere State-Owned Enterprises At Present

Since the 80s of last century, China has rapidly become the world's largest exporter of cashmere and a large exporter of cashmere products. Cashmere Look at China. The development of the cluster does not represent individuals. It is like talking about Chinese resources. The total amount of resources has always been in the forefront of the world, but the mention of per capita possession is much less.

Reporters visited several cashmere enterprises, inadvertently found that the state-owned enterprises in cashmere enterprises have a lot of common troubles.

Worry one: the situation is forced, involuntarily.

Qiu Baoquan, a state-owned joint venture company in Beijing, told reporters that "the golden period of profit for cashmere yarns and sweaters is over. The health problems of the booming cashmere enterprises will gradually emerge." As a state-owned enterprise, EM is also facing more and more problems and troubles in the current big environment. "

How can there be pressure on state-owned enterprises? No more, and the state will take care of it. But "state-owned enterprises are not dying" is probably the slogan of the planned economy era. Under the current market economy environment, even state-owned enterprises have to overcome their difficulties themselves.

"Before, the state was very supportive of the development of cashmere industry, but today Spin The glorious era of the industry has passed away, and the country will no longer be as strong as before. The same is true of state-owned enterprises. EM is both a state-owned enterprise and a Sino foreign joint venture, but it is no longer enjoying the benefits that other private enterprises and private enterprises can not enjoy as before. Qiu Baoquan seemed very helpless.

In Qiu Baoquan's view, in the past 30 years, the national economy has developed rapidly, and the cashmere industry has been developing rapidly. There has been a swarm of investment in cashmere industry. The number of cashmere enterprises has increased sharply, but many of them are redundant construction. At present, there are as many as more than 2600 cashmere processing enterprises in China. The export volume of China's cashmere products is a low level quantitative growth, and has not produced qualitative leap. China's cashmere deep processing capacity reached 50 million, while the domestic and foreign market demand less than 20 million per year. All these have resulted in excess capacity and poor quality of cashmere industry. But the rapid development of the early stage made the industry ignore these problems.

Zhao Zuoxian, President of the China Livestock Products Circulation Association, said: "in 2012, under the continuous impact of the European debt crisis, global economic growth showed a marked slowdown, and China's economic growth also showed downward pressure. The export volume of cashmere and cashmere sweaters has also declined significantly, and the export situation of China's cashmere is not optimistic. When the market is weak, the price of cashmere raw materials and cashmere products is lower and lower, and the quality is getting better and better. Such competition is against market rules. China's cashmere industry is not always a healthy development. Once the economic situation changes, the contradictions accumulated in the rapid development of the early stage will break out, and it will also bring great impact on wool.

"If we really want to carry out the transformation of enterprises, I feel that we have no improvement. Our equipment is already very advanced in the world. I hope that the government can give us more support while supporting small and medium-sized enterprises." Qiu Baoquan said.

Press comment: Although the government's policy support for state-owned cashmere enterprises and various preferential policies are not as good as before, the government has not given up, but let go of it, so that cashmere enterprises can exercise and grow in the market competition and enhance the market competitiveness of cashmere enterprises.

Worry two: cost Increased, overwhelmed

The rising cost, especially the wages of workers, seems to have become the norm. Cashmere itself is a labor-intensive industry. The rise of workers' wages will have a significant impact on the development of enterprises. For smaller cashmere enterprises, the cost of labor is mostly concentrated on the wages of workers, and for large state-owned enterprises, in addition to considering the increase in wages of workers, it is necessary to improve the welfare of workers and solve the housing problems of workers. These are the concerns of state-owned enterprises and become the troubles of state-owned enterprises.

"Our cashmere yarns are mainly sold to those small and medium-sized enterprises in China, and I understand their survival status. Small cashmere enterprises are much better than us. Em, as a large state-owned cashmere enterprise in Beijing, must strictly abide by the national labor security law in terms of employment. For example, five risks to protect workers' benefits must be given to every worker, but local small businesses are likely to avoid them, either because of the protection of local governments, or because of their own opportunistic practices. Qiu Baoquan said.

Besides the trouble of labor cost, there is environmental cost. The cost of environmental protection is the core of most textile enterprises. Cashmere spinning itself is a highly polluted industry, especially the pollution of water and soil by printing and dyeing. In addition, large scale cashmere textile enterprises have formed an industrial chain from cultivation to processing, so environmental protection work must be done from the source.

Qiu Baoquan said: "small and medium-sized enterprises simply can not talk about environmental protection. Most small businesses simply do not have enough funds to install advanced sewage treatment equipment, which are often millions or even tens of millions, and state-owned enterprises have always been famous for their specifications. They must be installed, otherwise they will have to stop production. You know that in the current economic situation, the money to install a set of equipment is likely to become a lifeline for the enterprise.

If the high cost of environmental protection has made it difficult for cashmere enterprises to breathe, the tax can be exacerbated. Many people think that state owned enterprises should enjoy preferential policies such as the best loan, tax reduction and tax exemption in the country.

"At the beginning of 30 years ago, as a state holding foreign-funded enterprise, we really enjoyed the preferential tax policies such as half tax reduction, but now the times are different. The government has cancelled the tax care for us, and even we have no advantage in loan financing. Self destruction will soon become our epitome. If we have enough capital, we really don't want to do it again. " Qiu Baoquan poured out his voice to reporters.

Reporter comments: in order to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs, the state has issued a series of measures to reduce tax revenue for small and medium-sized enterprises and encourage banks to grant loans to promote the development of SMEs. Small cashmere enterprises have been supported, and cashmere enterprises below the scale can reasonably avoid tax revenue, and large state-owned enterprises seem to be the "abandoned sons" of the government.

Worry three: market downturn, enterprises worried

The invisible hand of the market commands the development of the cashmere industry, and the sluggish market makes the cashmere enterprises sluggish.

Cashmere enterprises, regardless of size, whether state-owned or private, are "doomed".

"We have been in a bad market for two years, and we have no way to transform, we can not get out of this mire, and we are very helpless." Wu Yunfeng, director of Sanli group, said.

Wu Yunfeng's short three sentences reveal the helplessness and helplessness of private cashmere enterprises. More than 10 years ago, people were familiar with the phrase "three good wool, good wool and good line". Today, the private wool enterprise has undergone tremendous changes from wool to cashmere to sheep.

Han Dan, manager of Sanli towel market, said: "with the declining of cashmere market, Sanli has less and less investment in cashmere, on the contrary, more and more investments are being made in towels, washing and dyeing and cotton spinning."

Cashmere is known as "soft gold" and "fiber diamond". This kind of fiber, called "luxury goods in textiles", is less and less favored by enterprises in the current situation and can not get the favor of consumers.

"Cashmere products go into shopping malls or counters, and there are 8 pieces to be sold for sale, and the shopping mall must draw huge profits from them. The profit to the enterprises is very low. Coupled with slow sales speed and long product cycle, enterprises will close their last inventory. " Qiu Baoquan said.

Faced with the stumbling blocks of development, is there really no new way out for cashmere enterprises?

Are state-owned enterprises so pessimistic?

Zhao Zuoxian said: "in the past 30 years, the development of China's cashmere industry has achieved its achievements by low price and low cost. At present, the whole industry has strong economic strength, and has the competitive technology and equipment all over the world. The management level and sense of social responsibility of operators are also greatly improved than before. At present, we already have the "soft power" of the industry from "big" to "strong". We should take this as a starting point to enter the new Golden Journey of the industry in the next 30 years.

Reporter comment: Zhao Zuoxian's words deserve deep thinking. Cashmere enterprise As manufacturing industry really wants to win the respect and recognition of people, it is important to be meticulous and meticulous. The reason why Germany is a big manufacturing country is not that its manufacturing enterprises are numerous, but that its manufacturing enterprises are all doing their best to make products.