Thoughts On Developing Xinjiang'S Textile And Garment Industry

< p > > the world's < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > clothing < /a > a target= "_blank" href= "_blank" > shoes "< > hat net" Xiaobian "to introduce to you is the development of" Xinjiang "," "" "" "" > "textile > clothing industry" thinking.

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< p > eight Shihezi machine picked cotton has been growing, picking, storing, processing and selling since 2000, 15 years ago.

Over the past 15 years, the development of machine picked cotton has been explored through selection of varieties, adjustment of cropping pattern, selection of leaf defoliant, change of processing method, technological pformation of processing equipment, process optimization, finalization and national standard (cotton).

In 2013, the actual harvested area of machine picked cotton reached over 84%, forming the eight divisions of machine picked cotton pattern, such as machine picked cotton varieties, cultivation, picking, equipment processing and processing.

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The breeding and breeding of varieties < p > strong > is the basis for developing machine picked cotton < /strong > < /p >.

< p > machine picking cotton can not develop, the choice of species has a very important role.

Before 2013, the eight Division has been exploring the varieties of machine picked cotton, which is a long process.

The main varieties of machine picked cotton planted by the eight divisions are mainly 297, 5, 18 - 3 of new land. Their weakness is that they are sensitive to water. When the long bolls are large enough to water, they are just water shortages, causing the bolls to fall off.

New Lu Zao - 36, ZM - 2, 710 (up to dozens), their weaknesses are long growing period, high sugar content, strong adhesion between leaves and cotton, strong variability, rapid degradation, unfocused spunning, and more importantly, its plant type and peach height are not suitable for picking cotton pickers. Impurities in cleaning are difficult to separate from cotton. The lint grade is low, impurity content is large, benefit is poor, spinnability is poor, and it is not popular in the market.

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< p > 2013, a large number of New Cotton Cultivar Xin Lu Zao 50, a new cotton variety adapted to machine production, was planted in a large number of field farms in the field of Mosuo Bay in the eight divisions of wild field and an Ji Hai area. The growth period of this variety was 122 days, the plants were pyramid, compact, petioles less, stalks were hard, light slippery hair was sparse, flocculating power was good, lint percentage was over 43%, fiber length was 30 mm, and processing performance was good.

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The "Ramos" 170 type processing line of "P" > 133 group 3 factory has been put into production from 2004 to 8 years in 2012. There has not been 3 grade cotton lint examination, most of which are in the 4~5 grade, or even 6 grade system.

This year, the group put the new land early - 50 varieties on the line (all new land early - 50).

Public inspection: white cotton grade 1 accounted for 29.4% of total production, white cotton 2 grade 28.8%, white cotton 3 level 38.1%, "color grade" average 2.06.

The total production of 8 lines of the 133 Regiment (some new land early 50) accounted for 11.4% of white cotton grade 1, 36.6% of white cotton 2, 3 of white cotton and 49.6% of "color grade".

(because the public inspection in 2012 is a grade, which is not comparable to the "color level" in 2013). Picking leaves plays a key role in the processing quality of machine picked cotton. Eight the planting pattern of 66+10 cm or (66+8) cm row spacing determines the poor defoliation of the machine picked cotton and the less impurity in picking cotton seed, which plays a key role in the quality of the cotton pickled cotton produced by processing.

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< p > (1) fallen leaves.

The good quality of fallen leaves has a direct impact on the processing quality of machine harvested cotton. The defoliation of machine harvested cotton in the eight divisions is mainly made of domestic reedron and Germany's detrol chemical defoliant.

The effect of the two is basically the same, the difference is the product price and usage.

[the consumption of domestic products is 2 times that of German products, but they are far from the price. German products (1 million 400 thousand yuan / ton) are 2.15 times of domestic products (650 thousand yuan / ton).

The prescribed quantities were 13 g / mu and 30 g / mu respectively.

However, in actual use, the dosage of Mu is 50% or 100% higher than that stipulated by weather and various factors.

The choice of temperature and time for deciduous leaves has a decisive effect on defoliation. When the leaves fall, the suitable weather temperature should be no less than 18 degrees. The defoliation effect is best when the temperature is 23 to 25 degrees, which is lower than 18.

The choice of time depends on the maturity of cotton. The best time for cotton to mature is from 30% to 45%. In the choice of time, the eight division regiment plays the first leaf defoliant not later than September 10th. Premature cotton production is not good enough to result in a reduction in production. Late, mature leaves fall on the cotton and the seeds are picked into seed cotton, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp" > seed cotton < /a > the impurity content is too high.

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Before P > 2011, the eight division regiment adopted spraying over the defoliant and sprayed only on the top of the cotton branch. The result was not good.

In 2011, two dimensional defoliant was sprayed in all directions and the effect was very good.

If 5~6 days after spraying the defoliant, it will be better if the machine or the manual go over the fallen leaves in the cotton field. Because the cotton leaves are dead after the first spray, the cotton leaves can not land if they are dry, and the leaves will be 90% after second times of spraying.

However, the planting pattern of (66+10) cm or (66+8) cm row spacing determined that although the effect of defoliation was good, most of the fallen cotton leaves were stored on the cotton branches between the two rows, and the landing rate was poor.

The way to solve this problem is to manually run into the soil after the first application, reduce the cotton leaves falling between the two rows and make them fall to the ground, so as to reduce the impurity of seed cotton picked by the cotton picker.

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< p > (two) picking.

According to the weather conditions of the eight division regiment in autumn in recent years, when no dew or wind is present, the cotton picker will enter the ground at 11 and stop at 21 o'clock.

If the defoliant is well beaten and fallen leaves are good, in this weather condition, the moisture content of seed cotton is most suitable for processing at this time, and suitable for storage is not suitable for mildew.

When the weather is dew or dew, the cotton picker must wait until the sun comes out to remove the dew (12 - 13 o'clock) before it can be plucked in the ground and stop picking at 20.

Only by strictly grasping the weather conditions and picking time can we ensure that the moisture content of picked cotton is suitable for processing and there is no mildew in storage.

When a cotton field is removed, when will the cotton field enter the cotton picker, a special person is required to monitor the situation of cotton branch and leaf litter, the degree of seed cotton opening, whether there is dew or seed cotton moisture content, so as to meet the requirements before picking.

When picking cotton pickers, the water must be strictly controlled according to the standard. Otherwise, moisture content of seed cotton will exceed the standard, and mildew will change during storage.

First, in order to prevent harmful debris (cement blocks, bricks, stones, iron objects) into the seed cotton, as far as possible to ensure that the seed cotton does not fall, it should be equipped with self unloading cotton pulling truck to ensure that the cotton picker is fully loaded, that is, unloading the cotton cart or molding machine, and does not cause the seed cotton to fall into the ground, and the harmful impurity is added to make the seed cotton two times polluted.

Two, if the seed cotton really needs landing, the cotton planting household must have a lining cloth that can lay down a bucket of machine to pick cotton.

Without backing cloth, the machine picked cotton will fall on the ground, it will be stained with the residual film on the cotton field, the foreign fibers will enter the seed cotton, or the lime soil on the cotton field will enter the seed cotton when the mold is put on or loaded, the content of ash and soil in the seed cotton will be high, the workshop will be seriously polluted, and the lint color level will be low in the public inspection.

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< p > the mechanization of picking makes the eight teachers' regiment field spend more than 1 billion yuan a year from the beginning of this century to spend more than 1 billion yuan, and then pick up the army of 200 thousand flowers or so. To the present, it can not pick up 1 cotton pickers and mechanized cotton, and 30% of the farms reach 100% of machine picked cotton.

The selection of cotton pickers has a great influence on the number of impurities in the machine seed cotton. In actual picking, it was found that the cotton seed harvester contained about 15% impurities, which was much less than that of the seed cotton harvested by Keith cotton picker because of the different picking methods.

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< p > < strong > storage and processing play a decisive role in ensuring the efficiency of machine harvested cotton < /strong > /p >

< p > (1) storage.

Storage must follow the six word policy of "controlling moisture and preventing mildew", that is, moisture content of seed cotton is 10% and seed cotton content is less than /p.

< p > 10%.

To achieve the "six character" policy, the "first workshop" must strictly and resolutely implement the "operation rules" in order to provide guarantee for storage and mould proofing.

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< p > machine picking cotton processing starts from the beginning of October, processing time is 70~80 days, and the machine takes 40 to 45 days, which means that the seed cotton harvested on the day of cotton picker can only be processed from 1/3 to 1/2, and 2/3 or 1/2 need to be stored.

Therefore, the first workshop is required to control the moisture and impurities of seed cotton to the "double 10%" storage standard. Otherwise, the super moisture seed cotton enters the processing plant, and the storage space is limited. The stacking stack will be severely mildew, causing significant economic losses.

The storage of modular seed cotton must be stored in the field, not placed on the ground side, otherwise it will cause serious pollution of residual film and lime soil.

When storing seed cotton stacks, they must be stacked according to the provisions of the fire department, and strictly control and monitor the moisture of the big stack.

Use the water gauge to detect whether the temperature is raised at the 100cm inside the stack. If necessary, use the forklift truck to split it into two or three points to ensure that the temperature inside the pile does not make the seed cotton mildew.

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< p > (two) processing.

From 1998 to 2013, the eight division invested 2 billion 113 million yuan in the technological pformation of cotton processing equipment. In 2000, it began to test and popularize the machine picked cotton and invest 2 billion 70 million yuan in 2013.

By the end of 2013, the technical pformation task of the eight division cotton processing equipment was basically completed, which laid a solid foundation for improving the quality of machine picked cotton processing in the future.

Huge investment has enabled the regimental cotton processing equipment from the fully manual 5571 type cotton gin in the past to the current computerized control, intelligent and on-line detection of Shandong swans 171 and 126, and Handan Jinshi 168 and 128 type ginning mainframe equipment.

In particular, the mechanization of the feeding system did not allow the 4 people to feed the flower mouth before applying the mechanical "open mold or pit" to feed cotton, especially after the fast working night or late night shift, feeding the gardener hungry and sleepy. The equipment 1/3 was pferred to the air and the processing cost did not decrease, and the output declined sharply.

After mechanically feeding cotton, the equipment is running at full load. The output of each line is increased from 1/3 to 1/2, and the cost is reduced by 12.3. yuan / year. The total set of 71 sets of teachers (pit feed cotton) is increased by 8 million 760 thousand yuan per year.

The use and screening of the main equipment are identified as 171, 168, 128 and 126 cotton gin.

After unified specification and strict management, by the end of 2013, the above 4 models had reached 70% of eight master's processing equipment.

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< p > equipment maintenance: equipment maintenance is a very strong basic work. It can be done or done very well. There are essential differences between the two. They do not do so. The equipment has good integrity and low running rate, long processing time, increased processing cost and low efficiency.

Well done, shortened processing time and improved efficiency.

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< p > in technology, it mainly includes: optimization, adjustment, standardization and processing.

For example, cotton processing is a systematic project. No matter which part of the problem can be processed, such as variety, planting, defoliation, picking, storage and processing, the best quality product can not be processed, and the best benefit can not be achieved.

First, in the process of processing, according to the specific conditions of seed cotton, we should make the best use of the best cotton seed and cotton seed, and set up the "good apple first eat" processing concept, so that the public inspection (national inspection) will produce a good result and good results.

The two is to make a good result in the processing of lint, and ensure the consistency of seed cotton.

Judging from the results of the public inspection over the past two years, after the seed cotton was put into a mold, the consistency between the mould and the mould was poor. There were many bad results in the public inspection, which made good seed cotton processing into lint cotton without good quality. The way to solve the problem was to pull the seed cotton mould into the factory and push the bulk pile up for 5 days or so to cover the "water dilution balance" of the seed cotton and then feed the pit.

In the process of pushing and dispersing, it is necessary to move the die hopper to move (do not lean downhill), so that the seed cotton will be cut off and check whether there are heavy impurities in the seed cotton.

Three, in the case of not violating the state regulations, seed cotton "cotton blending" is allocated to cotton because of cotton production, so that the comprehensive benefit of lint production is good, and the maximum benefit can be created.

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< p > "public inspection" into the reservoir still needs further reform. The state guarantees that cotton farmers' interests will not be lost, and the price of 20400 yuan per ton of cotton will be put into storage. The farms and workers will get substantial benefits.

2012, the entry and storage in 2013 increased the income of cotton farmers steadily, realized huge profits in the farms, reduced the liabilities greatly, improved the construction of small towns, and further moved towards "well-off life".

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< p > 2008, since the implementation of the public inspection of "entering and storing cotton" in 2008, especially in the 2012 and 2013 years, there have been problems in different levels. One is the online resurgence test instrument, which shows that the moisture regain of the cotton lint and the moisture regain tested by the same plant are 3~4 percentage points different from that during the storage and reexamination, and only eight of the eight cotton teachers have lost 15 yuan in the cotton storage deficit.

The two is through the public inspection into the storage of various guarantee money to pay, into the store cotton into the treasury "delivery payment", means the completion of bilateral pactions.

After the cotton can go to the textile enterprise, the textile enterprise can also make a re examination to the public inspection department. Then what is the authority of the national "public inspection" and "one vote after all"? There is a problem in the reexamination, and the processing enterprise must compensate for the loss, which is unfair.

Three is the 2013 cotton annual national new standard implementation, the traditional cotton grade inspection system is replaced by the cotton color grade inspection system, among which the HVI test results of color grade and so on are from the instrument, but the quality inspection of the rolling mill (P1, P2, P3) is still artificial inspection. The same sample can produce two results at different times, which has damaged the authority of the instrument examination, and needs further improvement and improvement.

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< p > < strong > the efficiency of machine picked cotton is less than /strong > /p >

< p > the whole mechanization of cotton, especially the mechanization of harvesting, the mechanization and intellectualization of processing, create conditions for improving the efficiency of machine harvested cotton.

The first is the efficiency of harvesting.

According to the 149 group in 2011, 150 thousand mu of machine picked cotton, reducing the cost of artificial flower picking 77 million 70 thousand yuan, saving 513.8 yuan per mu; saving processing costs (artificial feeding and mechanical feeding efficiency difference) 3 million 30 thousand yuan, saving 125.7 yuan per ton.

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According to this inference, in 2013, eight mu 2 million 34 thousand mu of machine picked cotton will save 1 billion 50 million yuan for picking up flowers, 345 thousand and 300 tons less than a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp", "lint /a" (net weight), and 43 million 420 thousand yuan for processing cost saving. "P"

The total is 1 billion 93 million yuan.

The two is processing and improving efficiency.

In 2013, cotton entered the national reserve, and the seven technical indicators of public inspection were linked to the price of import and export. The average price of the eight teachers in picking up and storing cotton was 20 thousand and 800 yuan / ton due to the improvement of processing quality. The average price of the machine picked cotton was 20 thousand and 510 yuan / ton, the comprehensive price of the imported cotton was 20 thousand and 540 yuan / ton, and the comprehensive price of storage and storage increased by 655.21 yuan / ton (19 thousand and 800 tons per ton) in 2013 (334060 tons in 2013), and the processing efficiency increased by 218 million 879 thousand and 500 yuan.

In 2013, the processing period was shortened by 17 days compared with 2012, and the downtime was only 30 million 444 thousand yuan.

The total is 250 million yuan.

Machine picked cotton is a system engineering. It is a "Chaoyang" industry with considerable benefits. It needs all sides to make joint efforts to make this business develop better and better.

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