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Why Is The Marketization Of Cotton Market Difficult In The Post Purchase And Storage Era?

2014/7/14 16:23:00 20

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2014, the Central Document No. 1 put forward the pilot project of cotton target price subsidy in Xinjiang in 2014.

In April 5th, the national development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of agriculture jointly announced the target price of cotton in 2014 was 19 thousand and 800 yuan / ton.

The announcement of the news marks the end of the 3 year cotton temporary purchase and storage policy.

Industry experts say that China's cotton has entered the era of post purchase and storage - cotton prices will gradually return to the market.

What about the cotton market in the post harvest era? Can cotton farmers get real benefits? What do they think of cotton enterprises?

The cotton growers in the pilot area of basically recognized that the cotton planting area in the non pilot areas continued to decline

In June 25th P, the Executive Council of the State Council decided that under the premise of protecting the interests of farmers, the policy of minimum purchase price, temporary purchase and storage and agricultural subsidy should be promoted gradually to the target price system of agricultural products.

The meeting decided to start with soybeans and cotton, push forward subsidies through different varieties, and formally abolish temporary purchase and storage policy for cotton and soybean. When the market price of products is lower than the target price, subsidize farmers to ensure the basic income of farmers.

"implementation of target price reform is imperative. It is in line with the laws of the market. In the long run, it is also beneficial for farmers to continue to increase their income.

The reason is that the price of domestic agricultural products is generally higher than that of the international market, which brings about a series of contradictions, such as the difficulty in selling government reserves, increasing the price of the industrial chain and so on.

To solve this contradiction, we must give full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources. "

Dr. Ji Guang Po, senior commissioner of Zhengzhou commodity exchange, said.

cotton target price subsidies were selected in Xinjiang this year, Xinjiang cotton accounted for 62.16% of the total output of the country, and the modernization level was relatively high.

Xinjiang Bei Tun City is the world high latitude cotton planting high yield area. This year the cotton planting area is nearly 100 thousand mu.

Song Daohui, director of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau, thinks that the direct subsidy price of 19 thousand and 800 yuan / ton is lower than the expected 200 yuan / ton, but some cotton farmers are basically recognized.

"According to the target purchase price announced by the state, cadres and growers and ginning plants are waiting for the introduction of national policies and regulations."

Song Daohui said, regardless of climate reasons, the cost of cotton growers has been increasing every year, but the income is declining.

"The introduction of target price policy is conducive to stabilizing Xinjiang's cotton production."

China's < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > textile > /a > Yang Shibin, assistant president of the Federation of industry, thinks that the target price of cotton in 2014 basically meets market expectations.

"This exploration has promoted the reform of the price formation mechanism of agricultural products and the decoupling of government subsidies. A key step has been taken, and all sides welcome it."

"P >" after the implementation of the target price policy, Xinjiang cotton prices will be closer to the market price, and the purchase price of cotton spinning enterprises will also be in line with the market. More cotton textile enterprises will purchase Xinjiang cotton and cotton farmers' income will be guaranteed. "

Dong Shuangwei, a well-known agricultural product analyst, said: "the target price subsidy target is the planter in the pilot area. The general principle is that there are many kinds of subsidies, and fewer species and less subsidies." no matter how the market price and production cost change, we can ensure that farmers get certain benefits on the basis of compensation production costs, so that farmers can not grow cotton.

it is understood that on the basis of target price subsidies, Xinjiang's original cotton subsidy is still being implemented.

However, due to lack of support policies in the part of the cotton producing areas in the mainland, this year's cotton planting situation is worrying.

Gao Fang, vice president of China Cotton Association, said that in Henan, Hebei and Shandong provinces, local officials and cotton growers told her that because the target price did not involve the mainland, the risk of planting cotton increased further. Cotton growers in some areas had replanted corn and wheat. The yield per mu was far higher than that of cotton, and the people would not make a loss.

reporter learned that the cotton planting area of Dongying city is 2 million 48 thousand and 400 mu this year, which is 540 thousand and 100 mu less than that of last year's 2 million 588 thousand and 400 mu.

Since 2011, the cotton area of Lijin County, the largest cotton producing county in Dongying, has been declining, with a total decline of 272 thousand mu in the past 4 years.

"the cotton planting in the mainland is dispersed, mechanized level is low, and production cost is high. Even if the mainland is also like Xinjiang, it will enjoy direct subsidy in accordance with the target price of 19800 yuan per ton, and more cotton farmers will give up cotton planting."

Gao Fang said that when the new cotton came into the market this year, the cotton farmers in the mainland would not be directly compensated, so how to protect their interests was also a problem.

reporter has learned that although Xinjiang has a relatively high degree of mechanization of cotton planting, the cost gap is still unprecedented compared with that in the United States and Australia.

Kevin Ratner, executive director of the international cotton association, P, told reporters that the US cotton planting area continued to rise in 2014.

"The method of planting cotton seeds in the United States enables each seed cotton to be sown down, and can accurately feed seeds. It can get relevant data through the GPS system at the right time, and control the whole process accurately, so as to maximize the efficiency of production data."

Dong Shuangwei believes that the development of cotton production relying on traditional production mode has been difficult to continue. We must raise the level of scientific and technological cotton production, reduce production costs, improve the mechanization of cotton production and reduce labor input. Only in this way can we jump out of the vicious circle of "cotton cheap injury to agriculture, cotton and expensive enterprises".

National storage cotton is huge, and the labor pains may be longer in the post reserve era than /p >

with the determination of the target price, the marketization of cotton prices will accelerate. Can the new direct subsidy policy benefit the cotton textile enterprises? Gao Yong, vice president of the China Textile Industry Federation, thinks that cotton textile farmers have been making a direct appeal to cotton textile enterprises for a long time.

"In the past, the implementation of temporary purchasing and storage policy was a nightmare for cotton enterprises, and farmers did not really get tangible benefits. In many areas, farmers could not get half of the state subsidies. Some speculative warehousing or circulation enterprises had become winners, and there had also been corruption phenomena such as false collection and storage.

Now to explore the reform of the target price, to maximize the interest rent-seeking in the middle link, is more conducive to the real benefits of farmers and cotton enterprises. "

from the past three years, although the temporary purchasing and storage policy has kept the stable rise of cotton prices, the cotton planting area in the whole country has been shrinking year after year.

"This shows that the policy of purchasing and storing in the past did not really benefit farmers and failed to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers.

Changing to cotton farmers' direct subsidy is consistent with international experience, and is more in line with the law of industrial development. The situation of domestic cotton purchase channels will be changed, and it will be more conducive to cotton enterprises to participate in market competition.

Yang Shibin said.

September 2011, in response to the collapse of cotton prices, cotton temporary storage and purchase system was established, while stabilizing the market, the temporary storage and storage system once raised the domestic cotton price to 20 thousand and 400 yuan / ton.

At the same time, the international cotton price has continued to drop, and the price difference between domestic and foreign cotton is as high as 4000 yuan.

"Cotton enterprises simply can not afford to buy national cotton reserves, far beyond the affordability, can only abandon cotton chemical fiber materials, but sometimes cotton is no substitute for other materials, there is bound to be some phenomenon of stop production."

Yang Shibin said that cotton enterprises are more optimistic about the direct subsidy policy, but now the number of state-owned cotton reserves is huge. How to deal with it is not clear. Everyone is waiting for more specific policies to come out and dare not buy it hastily.

it is understood that the total amount of cotton storage and storage in the past three years is more than 16 million tons, accounting for 80% of the three annual output.

At present, the reserve cotton in the Treasury is still about 12 million tons.

In addition, the country produces about 6 million tons of cotton per year.

"At the current scale of the textile industry, we digest cotton at most 4 million tons per year, and we can basically digest the national treasury cotton in three years.

In the past three years, the reserve cotton is still priced by the government, so it is still unknown what price and plan will be put into the market.

Wang Tiankai, President of the China Federation of textile industry, said that the normalization of temporary policies led to serious upside down prices at home and abroad. The market participants were unwilling to enter the market, and eventually the state replaced merchants to become the sole buyers and sellers. The pressure on purchasing and storage increased sharply, which affected the sustained and healthy development of the upstream and downstream industrial chains.

"12 million tons of national cotton stored in a warehouse is like a tiger waiting to be released!" Wang Tiankai said. It is a difficult problem to take a comprehensive set of measures to consider the various factors. If the treatment is not good enough, the labor pains in the reserve era may be longer than three years.

in the interview, many textile enterprises believe that the introduction of the target price policy is to let the market play a bigger role, but it will take a long time to establish the real price formation mechanism in the cotton market, during which cotton prices may be very unstable.

quota restrictions restrict textile enterprises from participating in international market competition

despite the end of the temporary cotton purchase and storage system, the issue of cotton import quotas remains unresolved.

Because of the implementation of the import quota system in China's cotton procurement, textile enterprises can not freely use the international market to stabilize costs. The Khmer price difference has made China's cotton spinning industry, especially the spinning industry, lose its international competitiveness. At present, 2 million tons of cotton gap can only be made up by imported cotton yarn.

quotas failed to protect the interests of cotton growers and failed to raise farmers' enthusiasm. Instead, they cultivated a number of quotas and bred corruption, which was a typical intervention in the market by means of planned economy.

Yang Shibin said that quotas exist in the most difficult time for enterprises to make money in speculation and reselling quotas in import and export trade.

"Only by cancelling quotas can Chinese enterprises really make use of the two markets at home and abroad, and at the same time, China's cotton quality can participate in international competition."

in accordance with the WTO agreement, China imports 894 thousand tons of cotton per year, 1% preferential duty and imported cotton outside the quota, and the government increases the sliding tax of 5%~40%.

The purpose of sliding duty is to reduce the impact of imported cotton on the domestic cotton market and ensure the cotton farmers' income.

However, due to the formulation of import quotas, China's textile production capacity is only about 30000000 ingots, and now there are 130 million spindles, resulting in quotas far smaller than demand.

Yang Shibin told reporters that domestic enterprises are reluctant to use domestic cotton because the price is higher than the international cotton price, but more importantly, because of the reasons for the past storage and purchase, the quality of cotton is uneven, resulting in enterprises unable to use.

at present, the international cotton market is in excess of demand, and the CIF price of the United States cotton, India cotton, Pakistan cotton and Southeast Asian cotton is relatively low, and the impact on domestic cotton is increasingly apparent.

Compared with the United States cotton and Australia cotton, the biggest disadvantage of domestic cotton is low quality. "Cotton direct subsidy can improve the quality of domestic cotton, while cotton prices fall, which will help reduce domestic and foreign cotton price difference and increase the international competitiveness of domestic textile enterprises."

Yang Shibin said.

it is understood that the domestic import cotton market is in a rather difficult period.

As the stock of the national cotton storage is too large, the government is eager to consume inventory, and has taken measures to control the quota quotas and raise the import tariffs of low quality imported cotton, which makes the import cotton market more depressed than before.

Zhang Fuli, the center for storing cotton information, thinks that the government can not completely liberalate the import cotton market at any time after the cotton harvest and storage. Otherwise, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp" > market < /a > there is no time to digest the huge stock of national reserves.

Of course, the quota of imported cotton will eventually be abolished according to the WTO accession treaty.

direct subsidy policy has been announced.

Reporters believe that the current target price how to detect, how to underestimate the price collapse, and how to support cotton farmers in non pilot areas, it is urgent to formulate relevant policies.

To avoid the phased policy being forced to be long-term in the past, it is imperative for the government to be forced to institutionalized the policy and the state to become a business.