How Many More Hurdles Should We Take To Create An Upgraded Version Of The "World Factory"?

Two new employees, intelligent robots, are busy in the workshop. They are skilled at welding electronic products at 300 thousand pieces per year, which is equivalent to the efficiency of 10 skilled workers.

The cost of labor, training, raw materials and so on saved up to nearly 8 million yuan a year.

This is not a science fiction movie, but a scene seen in the Pearl River Delta's US group.

In the Pearl River Delta, the "world factory" from bicycle to jeans and from iPhone to Bobbi dolls, with the rising cost of labor and raw materials, the appreciation of RMB and the continuous shrinking of foreign trade orders, many enterprises have come to the crossroads of life and death. The news of "manufacturing withdrawal" is also endless. The status of the "world factory" in the PRD region is at stake.

However, in the context of China's economic development entering the "new normal", the region is riding on decentralization, public entrepreneurship and innovation.

The "spring breeze" practiced hard, and climbed the slope on the way to defend the original "world factory" status and create the "world factory 2".

"World factory" bid farewell to the "free riding" era

A pair of export sports shoes with a unit price of $11 has been "killed" to more than 30 cents, and profit margins are still falling.

In June this year, when a reporter came to Dongguan Houjie, a well-known large footwear foundry company was "helpless" to plan to expand production capacity, so that the next year's output will increase by 2 million more than this year.

However, even so, the total profit is not expected to increase.

"Business is becoming more and more difficult," said the head of the company. "Although we have been improving the production technology, we still rely on" quantity. "

In the Pearl River Delta, the difficulties of Taiwan funded enterprises are more common.

Once, someone said, "a traffic jam in Dongguan, the whole world is going to be out of stock."

When the "world factory" was the most brilliant, only one place in Dongguan provided 20% of sportswear and 10% of running shoes for global consumers.

The great momentum behind this is the cheap labor force brought by millions of migrant workers who put down their hoes into factories.

However, the current situation is changing from the traditional "world factory" to the Pearl River Delta.

The objective reality.

Statistics show that in 2014, the total deficit of Guangdong deficit enterprises totaled 44 billion 979 million yuan, an increase of 15.9% over the same period last year. In the 1 to June this year, the total electricity consumption of the province's manufacturing industry increased by only 0.8%.

Behind the icy data is the slow recovery of global market demand, the decline in orders, and the gradual increase in the labour force, raw materials and land prices in the Pearl River Delta.

When the comparative advantages of Southeast Asian and African countries begin to show prominence, many enterprises here find structural recruitment difficulties.

"There is no doubt that the era of cheap labor to maintain the superiority of the world's factories is over."

Zhang Yansheng, Secretary General of the academic committee of the national development and Reform Commission, said that "danger" and "machine" exist simultaneously.

Whoever pforms and resolutely resolutely develops will take the initiative.

Those companies that are hesitant about pformation and upgrading are bound to encounter the fate of "warm boiled frog".

Because of the special historical background and economic status of the Pearl River Delta, some deep-rooted problems that test "made in China" are further highlighted.

In the first half of this year, the collapse of many foundry factories in the Pearl River Delta marked the end of the free riding era. The low-end manufacturing and subcontracting enterprises could no longer continue to follow the old paradigm, but needed to join the ranks of disruptive innovators, improve or even subvert the old production mode and product structure from the source, and find a new way to make profits.

"The mode of providing cheap goods to the global market can not continue, and the situation of" made in China "has undergone a fundamental reversal. The test of enterprise development capacity is no longer the size and speed of expansion, but rather from the dependence on cheap resources.

Harry Saiyadin, President of the American Chamber of Commerce in Southern China, said.

"The world factory" begins to flow "intelligent" blood.

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Walk into the Kodak cleaning company in Shunde District of Foshan, an electronic screen is "live" the whole process of a digital glazing printer, touch the bottom right corner of the screen, the amount of porcelain, ink and other consumables will be displayed in real time.

The production line seems to be at hand. In fact, the printer is located more than 700 kilometers away from Jinjiang, Fujian.

Connected to all this is the company's information automation system.

"No pformation, the sky will be black."

Coda, President of clean energy, said that innovation driven has become the real needs of enterprises.

In 2014, the sales revenue of the company reached 5 billion 100 million yuan, which was 20 times higher than that in 2002.

According to Harry siding, a number of enterprises in the "world factory" are improving or even subverting the old mode of production and product structure from the source, and finding new ways to make profits.

Midea Group's robot substitution is not a case.

According to the statistics of Shenzhen robotics Association, the average annual growth rate of industrial robots in the PRD reaches 30%, and some industries even reach 60%.

In the view of many entrepreneurs interviewed, this is not only to ease recruitment difficulties and reduce labor costs, but also to meet the needs of modernization and standardized production, create greater capacity and reduce the pressure on land and environmental protection.

Intelligent manufacturing and robot substitution are only part of the entire Pearl River Delta region's efforts to enhance independent innovation capability and speed up pformation and upgrading.

Taking Shenzhen as an example, the total size of strategic emerging industries in 2014 was close to 1 trillion and 900 billion yuan, which was 2 times the GDP growth rate of the same period. Accordingly, the proportion of GDP in R & D investment reached 4.02%, which is 2.9 times that of 2009.

There are more and more ecological systems in industry university research collaboration.

The Songshan Lake high tech Industrial Development Zone, located in the geometric center of Dongguan, is no longer a crowded factory building and a noisy machine. It is a "green zone" and "sparkling" area. Hundreds of electronic information, biotechnology, robotics, new energy and e-commerce enterprises are deeply integrated with the 20 new R & D institutions such as Dongguan Institute of technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Foshan Institute of numerical control and equipment innovation and so on.

Last year, they contributed nearly 24 billion yuan in gross domestic product.

Along with the pformation and upgrading of enterprises, there are also changes in government functions.

Dongguan mayor Yuan Baocheng believes that the pformation and upgrading of enterprises, the government must adapt to innovation driven needs to adjust their functional categories, focus on "release" and "create".

The so-called "release" is simply decentralization, that is, breaking the unreasonable obstacles in pformation and serving the enterprises well.

After becoming the first city in Guangdong to carry out the registration reform of commercial system, Dongguan once again launched the first registration reform of the enterprise cluster in the whole country.

The so-called "create" is to create a fair and open competitive environment.

Cities such as Guangzhou, Zhuhai and Dongguan have set up the intellectual property court, the intellectual property court, which is responsible for the centralized examination of civil cases of intellectual property rights and criminal and administrative cases of intellectual property rights in second instance, so as to escort scientific and technological innovation.

Today, the pformation and upgrading of the Pearl River Delta manufacturing industry has achieved initial success and has taken the lead in the country.

In 2014, the growth rate of high technology manufacturing industry and advanced manufacturing industry in Guangdong province was 11.4% and 9.2% respectively, which was higher than the increase of GDP and industrial added value of 7.8%.

Upgrading the "world factory" and going through several hurdles?

An upgraded version of the "world factory" seems to be getting closer and closer to us.

However, there is a consensus among the mayor and entrepreneurs interviewed in the Pearl River Delta area that if we want to gain a firm foothold in the global manufacturing industry, we still need to go a lot.

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Zhang Yansheng, who has just completed the survey in the Pearl River Delta region, said that the most important thing in the pformation and upgrading of enterprises is technology, and the government can make great progress in solving this critical problem.

For enterprises, even large enterprises, it is difficult to achieve technological breakthroughs with their own strength. No country in the world relies on enterprises to fight alone to achieve innovation driven and economic pformation. This is when the government should "stand up".

Zhang Yansheng, for example, said that the technical bottleneck for Germany to solve the problem lies in the fact that a large number of engineers gathered in Frankfurt to carry out major technological research and development.

Our government must also improve this service function, especially in the common technology and public technology that affect the development process of the manufacturing industry.

During the interview, many companies listed innovative resources and effective docking of the market as a problem.

The first class problem.

Chen Jianhua, mayor of Guangzhou, said that the number of universities and research institutes in Guangzhou accounted for 70% of Guangdong's total, and the number of scientific research and scientific research institutes also accounted for 70% of the total. However, from the market data, more than half of Guangdong's PCT international patent applications came from Shenzhen, among which HUAWEI and ZTE accounted for more than half of Shenzhen's share.

In order to solve the "last mile" of the application of innovative achievements, Guangdong has recently promulgated the implementation plan for the reform of technology stock in Guangdong Province, which stipulates that universities and research institutes can independently decide to take the technology pfer mode to carry out the pfer and pformation activities, and reward the key contributors, such as scientific research leaders, backbone technicians, and other important contributors. The proportion of each team's benefit is no less than 50%.

"How to link innovation resources with the market is a common problem in the pformation of manufacturing industry in China."

An entrepreneur sighed to reporters that there is an important reason why scientific research institutions lack the power and channel to butt the market.

Our country has more than 30 thousand provincial and ministerial level scientific and technological achievements each year, but only 10% to 15% of them can produce scale effect.

More than 70 thousand patents are implemented each year, but the rate of implementation is only 10%.

In addition, how the demographic dividend has been upgraded to a talent dividend is also a hill that must be crossed in the PRD's upgraded version of the "world factory".

In the golden hair technology group, a wall has been filled with more than 1500 patent certificates since the company was founded.

In recent years, the group has independently trained 5 experts from the special allowance of the State Council, and the R & D team is "highly matched": 15 senior professional titles, more than 130 Ph.D., and 600 master's degrees.

So last year, the sales volume in the major technologies such as environmental protection and flame retardancy increased by 13%, and the output value was close to 20 billion.

However, not every company can be like the blonde technology group.

Even in Shenzhen, Zhang Hu, executive vice mayor, is worried about whether the city's pioneering and pioneering spirit can continue to be maintained. "Whether or not talent can be injected continuously is related to the success or failure of pformation, and the key to nurturing and nurturing talents is still in the enterprise."

Zhang Yansheng believed that the PRD was not the "world factory", but rather the "world factory".

With the implementation of major strategies such as decentralization, mass entrepreneurship and innovation, China's manufacturing 2025, we must continue to innovate and drive this strategy, and in the next 35 years from now on, China will surely pform itself from the world's manufacturing power to the world's manufacturing powerhouse.