Physical Manufacturing Industry Is Facing Greater Difficulties And Downward Pressure.

At present, China's economy has bid farewell to high speed growth and entered the new normal pattern of structural pformation and innovation drive.

In the new and old energy conversion stage, including

The real manufacturing industry, including the industry, faces great difficulties and downward pressure.

At the same time, all kinds of reforms in China are advancing in an all-round way.

In succession, especially the "one belt and one road" strategy, focusing on medium and long-term development, entered the stage of comprehensive promotion.

At present, the world economy is still in the stage of deep adjustment in the post financial crisis era, but the performance of various countries has been divided.

The US economy has regained growth momentum, and the European Union and Japan have stagnated. The economic development of a large number of emerging economies such as Brazil, Russia and South Africa has suffered a great setback. Commodity prices are low and exchange rate fluctuates greatly.

It is embodied in:

First, under the background of the weak growth of global aggregate demand, the comparative advantage competition between textile supply chains is more intense.

The industry is faced with the practical difficulties of the total shortage of industrial workers and the constraint of resources and environment.

At the same time, although the domestic cotton policy has been improved, the inventory and quality problems of national cotton stocks are still very prominent, and the uncertainty caused by this affects the stable operation of the whole industrial chain.

The rise of the comprehensive cost caused by this series of factors has objectively weakened the leading international comparative advantage of China's textile industry.

Two, changes in Global trade policy are profoundly affecting the reshaping of the global textile supply chain. Regional trade agreements will pose great challenges to the healthy development of our industry.

For example, since the completion of the China ASEAN Free Trade Area in 2010, it has promoted the deep integration of the textile and apparel industry chain between China and ASEAN countries. ASEAN has quickly surpassed Japan to become the third largest export market of China.

In addition, the European Union and Japan, through adjusting the preferential tariff policy, give zero tariff or preferential tariff treatment to textile, clothing products, such as Kampuchea, Burma and Vietnam, and accelerate the pfer of some international orders from China to the above countries.

The three is that the new round of industrial revolution and consumption revolution in the world has come to light. It is urgent for China's textile industry to break through the low end of the value chain.

The new generation of information technology and production chain are deeply integrated, industrial robots and whole process intelligence have achieved innovative breakthroughs and large-scale applications. Industrial organization process, industrial competition mode and global industrial competition pattern are facing major adjustments.

In 2014, China's foreign direct investment in manufacturing industry was US $19 billion 330 million, which far exceeded the amount of foreign direct investment attracted during the same period.

By the end of 2014, the domestic textile industry has invested more than 2600 textile and garment production, trade and product design enterprises in more than 100 countries and regions, most of which are distributed in Asia.

Since 2004, about 200 garment enterprises in China have built production workshops in Southeast Asia.

In fact, it is mainly the two factors of trade factors and cost factors.

1. Trade factors

Some enterprises in order to deal with some trade protection measures in Europe and the United States, such as Shen Zhou knitting group, as early as 2005, invested in Kampuchea to break through the restrictions on the origin of products and avoid the possibility of encountering anti-dumping or "special protection"; some enterprises are trying to avoid trade barriers, such as Tianhong Textile Group's production in Turkey and Uruguay, and directly organize production and sales in the local area, thereby saving 30% customs tariffs set up by the two countries; and some enterprises are enjoying special trade policies, such as the 2011 European Union announced the introduction of GSP to the least developed countries in the world, and many Southeast Asian countries are "on the list".

Therefore, if we export garments to Europe, we need to pay 12% of the customs duties, and the export from these countries can enjoy duty-free preferences, which has attracted many domestic textile enterprises to invest and build factories in Southeast Asia.

Two, cost aspect

Labor cost.

Taking the annual average wage increase of the manufacturing industry in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian as an example, the data from 2010 to 2013 were 18%, 16% and 17%, respectively. In addition to the natural increase of wages, the welfare of the employees in the welfare expenditure was also significantly increased due to the change in the employment structure of the employees (such as food and lodging, leisure and entertainment expenses of the employees), and so on.

At the same time, the lag of vocational education has led to the shortage of skilled workers in the textile industry, so the rise in labor costs and recruitment difficulties have become a reality.

Land cost.

Most of the textile enterprises in China are concentrated in the eastern provinces. With the increase of orders, the production capacity is expanded, and the new factory buildings become inevitable.

However, the price of land in the eastern part of China is soaring, which is beyond the scope that enterprises can afford.

The cost of raw materials mainly refers to the cost of cotton, which occupies the largest proportion of production costs of textile enterprises.

Since 2011, in order to raise the income of farmers, China has adopted a large-scale acquisition of domestic cotton, and imposed quota restrictions on imported cotton and imposed a tariff of up to 40%, resulting in a serious shortage of high-quality cotton. The domestic cotton price has been higher than 30% of the international market for three consecutive years, which has directly boosted the rise in production costs of China's textile enterprises.

Other costs: according to the rough calculation of the tax burden, based on the rough calculation of textile enterprises, taking an ordinary clothing with a market price of less than 100 yuan as an example, including the tax burden of the national tax, the local education attachment, the social security and the water conservancy fund, the tax burden is as high as 27.44%, which does not include all kinds of administrative and business charges that enterprises are often faced with. The environmental protection cost, the situation of China's energy conservation and emission reduction is becoming increasingly severe. The new edition of the environmental protection law strengthens the environmental responsibility of enterprises and promotes the environmental costs of enterprises.

To cope with the above changes, more and more textile enterprises in China are investing and building factories overseas, and Vietnam is becoming an important destination for Chinese enterprises to invest overseas.

Through the pfer of new capacity, with the help of globalization of procurement, production and sales, domestic enterprises have greatly improved their operational efficiency.