Financial System: Bank Account Opening And Settlement Discipline

There is a prerequisite for the pfer of accounts through banks, that is, an account must be opened to the bank.

A bank account is an account opened by banks for settling accounts and applying for loans. It is also a tool entrusted by banks to handle credit and pfer accounts and cash receipts and payments. It has the function of monitoring and reflecting the activities of various departments and units of the national economy.

According to the management measures of bank accounts, bank accounts are divided into basic deposit accounts, general deposit accounts, temporary deposit accounts and special deposit accounts.

In accordance with the provisions on the management of bank accounts, the following principles shall be observed in the management of bank accounts:

(1) a basic account principle.

That is to say, depositors can only open a basic deposit account in a bank, and can not open a basic deposit account.

A depositor opens a basic deposit account in a bank and implements a permit system for issuing an account by a local branch of the people's Bank of China.

(2) voluntary selection principle.

That is, depositors can choose their own banks to open accounts, and banks can also voluntarily choose depositors to open accounts.

No unit or individual may interfere in the establishment or use of accounts by depositors and banks.

(3) the principle of deposit secrecy.

That is, banks must protect the depositors' rights in accordance with the law and safeguard the depositors' right of autonomy.

Except for the state laws and the supervision items of the people's Bank of China General Office authorized by the State Council, banks do not inquire, freeze or deduct deposits from depositors' accounts on behalf of any unit or individual.

How to open a basic deposit account?

The basic deposit account refers to the account that the depositor handles the daily pfer settlement and cash receipts and payments.

Cash withdrawals such as salaries and bonuses of depositors can only be handled through this account.

(1) qualifications of the parties to the basic deposit account

According to the regulations on bank account management, the following depositors may apply for opening a basic deposit account: (1) corporate legal person; (2) a separate accounting unit within an enterprise legal person; (3) a financial department that manages budgetary funds and extra budgetary funds; (4) implementing administrative organs and institutions for financial management; (5) military units and armed police units at county level; foreign organizations stationed in China; social organizations; canteens, guest houses and kindergartens attached to units; and permanent institutions; private enterprises, individual economic households, contractors and individuals.

(2) documentary evidence required for the opening of a basic deposit account.

A depositor applying for opening a basic deposit account shall issue one of the following documents to the depositary bank: (1) the business license or business license issued by the local administrative department for Industry and commerce; 2. The approval of the central or local commission, personnel, civil affairs and other departments; (3) the certificate of opening accounts of the financial departments of the armed forces and the Armed Police Corps; (3) the certificate of the unit's approval of the opening of the subsidiary body; (4) the approval document of the permanent establishment of the authorized department; the contract agreement signed by both parties; and the personal identity card and household register.

(3) procedures for the opening of basic deposit accounts

If a depositor applies for opening a basic deposit account, he shall fill in an application for opening an account (see table 2-1) and provide the required certificate (table 2-2).

The seal card (table 2-3), which is stamped with the seal of the depositor, can be opened by the bank for examination and approval and with the opening permit issued by the local branch of the people's Bank of China.

What needs to be specially stated is that the name of the card on the seal card must be the same as the name of the unit. At the same time, there must be three seals, including the official seal of the unit of the account, the person in charge of the unit, the person in charge of the financial institution, and the cashier.

It is a legally binding payment basis agreed by the unit and the bank. When the bank handles settlement business for the unit, it checks the authenticity of the payment certificate with the seal reserved on the seal card by the opening unit.

If the stamp stamped on the payment voucher is not in conformity with the reserved seal, the bank can refuse to handle the payment business to safeguard the security of the account.

A general deposit account refers to an account opened by a depositor who pfers the bank loan outside the basic deposit account and is not an independent accounting unit at the same place with the depositor of the basic deposit account.

The depositor can handle the pfer settlement and cash payment through this account, but he can not handle cash withdrawals.

(1) conditions for setting up general deposit accounts and required supporting documents.

According to the regulations on bank account management, depositors may apply for opening general deposit accounts in the following circumstances, and provide corresponding supporting documents: (1) units and individuals who obtain loans from banks other than the basic deposit account may apply for opening the account and issue loan contracts or loan borrowings to the issuing bank; second, the subsidiary non independent accounting units that are not in the same place as the depositors of the basic deposit account may apply for opening the account and prove that the depositor agrees to deposit accounts with the non independent accounting units affiliated with the basic deposit account of the bank.

(2) procedures for setting up general deposit accounts

If a depositor applies for opening a general deposit account, he shall fill in an application for opening an account, provide corresponding proof documents, and send it to the seal card with the seal of the depositor, and the account can be opened after examination and approval by the bank.

A temporary deposit account refers to an account opened by a depositor due to temporary business activities.

The depositor can handle the pfer settlement through this account and cash receipts and payments according to the state's cash management regulations.

(1) conditions for setting up temporary deposit accounts and required supporting documents.

According to the provisions on the management of bank accounts, the following depositors may apply for opening a temporary deposit account and provide corresponding supporting documents: (1) a temporary institution in the foreign country may apply for opening the account and issue a temporary license issued by the local administrative authority for Industry and commerce.

(2) procedures for opening temporary deposit accounts

If a depositor applies for opening a temporary deposit account, he shall fill in an application for opening an account.

To provide the corresponding proof document and send it to the seal card with the seal of the depositor, the account can be opened after examination and approval by the bank.

How to set up a special deposit account?

A special deposit account refers to an account opened by a depository group for specific purposes.

(1) conditions for setting up a special deposit account

According to the provisions on the management of bank accounts, the depositor can open the account by issuing a corresponding certificate to the depositor bank for specific purpose funds.

Funds for specific purposes include funds for capital construction, funds for renovation, and funds for other specific purposes, which need special account management.

(2) supporting documents required.

The depositor shall issue one of the following documents to the opening bank: (1) the documents approved by the authorized department; and (2) the provisions of the relevant documents of the state.

(3) procedures for the opening of a special deposit account

In applying for opening a special deposit account, a depositor shall fill in an application for opening an account, provide corresponding proof documents, and send it to the seal card with the seal of the depositor, and open an account after examination and approval by the bank.

(1) account changes.

If an account unit needs to change its financial seal, financial officer seal or cashier's seal for personnel changes or other reasons, it shall fill in the "application for replacement seal" and issue relevant certificates. After the bank has examined and approved the agreement, it will complete the seal card again and cancel the original reserved seal card.

The unit needs to change its account name for some reasons, and the official correspondence approved by the higher authorities should be submitted to the bank. The enterprise and individual business owners need to submit a new license registered by the administrative department for Industry and commerce. After the bank has checked and verified, the name of the account will be changed, or the original account will be revoked and the new account will be re established.

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(2) revocation and consolidation of accounts.

For reasons such as institutional adjustment, merger, cancellation and suspension of business, all units that need to cancel or merge their accounts should apply to the bank. After the agreement is approved by the bank, the balance of the deposit and loan households should be checked with the opening bank, and all interest will be settled. After checking all the errors, the balance will be cleared after the withdrawal is made, and all the important blank certificates that have not been exhausted will be handed over to the bank for cancellation before they can be revoked or merged.

All the problems arising from the cancellation of the blank documents by the account unit shall be the responsibility of the revoking unit itself.

(3) pfer account.

When a unit takes office or business location, it should move to the bank for the pfer account.

If you move in and out in the same city, you can issue a new certificate by moving the voucher to the immigration bank. Relocation of other places should resume the procedures of opening accounts to the immigration bank according to the regulations.

In the process of relocation, if the original bank is required to retain the original account temporarily, if necessary, the original account should be cleared within one month to the original bank.

In addition, in accordance with the regulations, accounts receipts which have not been receivable for more than one year have been kept. The account bank has considered that the account should not be retained after the investigation, and it can notify the unit to go to the bank to handle the sales formalities, and the account must be processed within one month after the notification is opened.

The management of the accounts of the PBC includes the following aspects:

(1) responsible for coordinating and arbitrating disputes over the opening and use of bank accounts, supervising and verifying the establishment and opening of accounts of the opening bank, and correcting and punishing the violation of account management measures.

(2) issue a permit to open a basic deposit account.

The people's Bank of China opens the basic deposit account to the depositor, and is responsible for issuing the permit for opening an account. If the depositor needs to change the basic deposit account, it must also be examined and approved by the people's Bank of China.

The depositor is not allowed to open an account with the bank because the bank strictly implements the system and implements the discipline to pfer the basic deposit account.

(3) accepting the declaration of the depositor's opening and revoking account by the depositor bank.

When banks open or cancel accounts, they must report to the people's Bank in a timely manner.

According to the regulations, the cancellation of the basic deposit account by the depositor bank, the opening or cancellation of the general deposit account, the temporary deposit account, and the special deposit account shall be reported to the local branches of the people's Bank within 7 days from the date of opening or cancellation.

The people's Bank of China will use computers to set up an account management database to strengthen account management.

The bank's account management includes:

(1) in accordance with the regulations, a strict examination of the opening or revoking accounts shall be strictly conducted, and those who do not meet the requirements of opening accounts shall be resolutely refused to open accounts.

(2) properly handle account opening and closing accounts, establish and improve the registration system of expenditure households;

(3) establishing account management files;

(4) check accounts with depositors regularly.

(5) timely declare to the PBC the depositor's opening and cancellation of accounts.

In accordance with the provisions on the management of bank accounts and the provisions on penalties for violation of the bank settlement system, depositors who rent or pfer accounts shall be fined 5% but not less than 1000 yuan, and confiscate the illegal income of rental accounts in accordance with the regulations.

If a depositor violates the regulations to open a basic deposit account, he shall be ordered to cancel the account within a prescribed time limit, and a fine of 5000 yuan to 100O0 yuan shall be imposed.

How to punish the bank's behavior of violating account management?

In accordance with the provisions on the management of bank accounts and the penalties for violating the banking settlement system, the opening bank violates the stipulate that a basic deposit account which is not opened to a depositor who has opened an account or has already opened a basic deposit account, and a bank to open an account with a strong pull unit shall be revoked within a specified time and fined 5000 yuan to 10000 yuan.

The Bank of account fails to pay the cash to the depositor of the general depositor's account or declare it to the people's Bank within 7 days from the date of the opening or cancellation of the account by the depositor bank, and impose a fine ranging from 2000 yuan to 5000 yuan.

What is bank settlement? What is the significance of carrying out bank pfer settlement?

The so-called "bank pfer settlement" refers to the settlement of monetary funds by directly pferring funds from the bank account of the payment unit (or individual) to the bank account of the receiving unit (or individual) without using cash.

In accordance with the provisions of the bank settlement method, except for the prescribed cash settlement, all pactions among enterprises, institutions, organs, groups, and military forces, such as commodity trading, labor supply, capital allocation, credit pactions, etc., shall be settled by banks through bank reconciliation.

The implementation of bank pfer settlement has the following meanings:

First, the implementation of bank pfer settlement, the use of bank credit receipts and disbursements instead of cash circulation, so that economic pactions between units, only the settlement starting point below and within the scope of cash expenditure business to use cash, narrowing the scope and quantity of cash circulation, so that a large number of cash from the circulation area, so as to plan and regulate the country's monetary circulation, create conditions to prevent and curb inflation.

Second, bank pfer settlement is realized through centralized settlement funds of banks. Banks pfer funds directly from the payment units (or individuals) to the receivables (or individuals) by using various settlement vouchers and bills in the bank account, regardless of the size of the account, the amount of money, and the distance between them. They can be handled in a timely manner through the banking institutions, no matter how far away from the settlement. The procedures are simple, and the procedures for delivery, inventory and custody of cash settlement are omitted, which is convenient and efficient, thus shortening the clearing time and speeding up the weekly turnover of materials and funds.

Third, the implementation of bank settlement will help to gather idle funds and expand the source of bank credit Jin Jin.

Fourth, the implementation of bank settlement, the unit's income and expenditure, most of the settlement through the bank, the bank through centralized pfer accounts settlement, you can fully understand the economic activities of various units, supervision units conscientiously implement financial discipline, prevent illegal activities, promote units to better comply with financial law and discipline.

Fifth, the implementation of bank pfer settlement can avoid loss of money, robbery, theft and other unforeseen losses in cash pportation and custody during the implementation of cash settlement; and because of the settlement through bank accounts, the size and duration of the accounts are well documented.

Sixth, bank settlement and bank supervision should be carried out by all units to fulfill their contracts and abide by credit so as to reduce losses caused by the failure of the other party's credit.

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