Biomechanical Analysis Of The Existing Shoemaking Theory

Shoes are necessities for life and symbols of modern life, which are closely related to the health of feet.

But the relationship between shoes and human health has been puzzling.

This is an important symbol of the existing footwear, and is also the most popular footwear product.

The prevailing claim is that it can make the force of the foot even to protect the heel, protect the arch, treat and prevent flat feet, maintain the posture, maintain the normal position of the viscera, reduce the vibration of walking time, and protect the spine and brain.

In short, there are many advantages and shortcomings, and few people question it.

Clinical data show that "foot diseases except congenital malformations, many acquired acquired foot disease, it is estimated that around the world 1/4 people suffer from varying degrees of foot pain," the medical community confirms that most of them are directly related to shoes.

A large amount of data confirm that barefoot is more conducive to the health of feet.

That is to say, shoes are useless because of the health of feet.

Some articles call it "civilization disease".

Therefore, it is necessary to study it clearly and draw a logical conclusion.

Obviously, the first difference is not enough to cause too much harm. Even if there is a problem in the "microclimate", it can only cause skin diseases.

It changes the mechanical state of the foot greatly and increases the force of the front foot.

Correspondingly, it is precisely that "90% of all foot diseases occur in the forefoot" [2], while the forefoot diseases are mostly related to excessive stress.

Therefore, the role of heels should be highly valued.

The structure of the forefoot is complex, and the stability of the mechanical structure is far less than that of the heel.

Long time or excessive bearing will lead to damage and form many diseases.

It is inevitable for high heels to damage foot health.

Judging from this angle, heels should be harmful to their forefoot.

Middle heeled shoes also play such a role, compared with high-heeled shoes, it is only the difference between the degree of harm and the speed of disease development.

So is the tolerance of forefoot to stress.

Callus and corns are caused by unreasonable stress, mostly in the forefoot.

The increase of forefoot disease corresponding to the popularity of heels is not related to the two factors.

Therefore, some people call "heel shoes have the function of protecting heels".

"Protecting the heels and making them vibrate as little as possible is the product of modern science, and it is strongly advocated after having heeled shoes."

The calcaneus is the thicker in the foot bones. "It can bear several times of weight, because the alignment of trabecular bone is in accordance with the force direction, so that the bone can achieve the greatest firmness with the least material.

There is a significant difference in the trabecular arrangement among athletes who skip training, and the average number of lines is quite different.

It can be seen that its load-bearing capacity is sufficient, and there is no need to reduce load bearing.

There is also no evidence that the incidence of heel lesions is higher in people who have barefoot and wearing flat heels than those with shoes.

The disease of the heel is mostly the degeneration of calcaneus, and the reduction of bearing capacity should be one of the reasons.

Weight bearing is the basic function of bone, and is also the need of bone itself.

If not bearing for a long time, it will inhibit the viability of osteoblasts and cause the loss of calcium to cause osteoporosis.

This is especially true for calcaneus: "the longer the life time in space weightlessness, the more serious the decalcification of bone. Bone decalcification mainly occurs on the weight-bearing bone, from the calcaneus to the femur.

According to the biomedical research results of the Gemini program, the calcaneus density of astronauts decreased by 7%, and bone calcium and bone nitrogen continued to decrease.

Long term bedridden patients also have the same phenomenon.

Therefore, it is not positive to reduce calcaneus bearing capacity.

Wearing flat shoes and barefoot are normal mechanical and physiological functions of the feet. If they can not adapt, they can only think that the calcaneus degeneration is caused by long wearing shoes.

"Experts have compared western long wearing shoes with Aboriginal African aborigines, and found that the muscles and ligaments of Aboriginal foot are strong and strong, and the skin of the feet is rough and wear-resistant, and the arch is well developed."

According to the force condition of the foot, barefoot is the same as wearing flat shoes.

If barefoot is more beneficial to the arch, then the positive effect of the middle heel shoe can not be established.

This kind of natural force distribution should be more reasonable for the health of the arch.

The maintenance of arch is the result of three factors: skeleton, ligament and muscle.

For this reason, the forearm of the foot arch is weaker than that of the posterior arm: (1) the forearm structure is relatively complex, with small bones and nearly horizontal arrangement. The first metatarsal still has some evolutionary shortcomings, and the connection with the second metatarsus is not strong enough.

The skeleton of the arch of the arch is thick and its mechanical structure is simple and stable. It is vertically superposed and not easy to be damaged by gravity.

(2) although the muscles and ligaments of the forearm of the foot arch are more, there is no strong rear arm.

Most arch collapse is related to relaxation of forefoot ligaments. Forearm bone position is the most significant abnormality. Surgical repair is also aimed at forearm.

Therefore, the imbalance of foot force is corresponding to the mechanical structure characteristics of the arch.

The appearance of heels, breaking this reasonable mechanical configuration, will inevitably cause adverse effects on the arch of the foot, which are embodied in the following three aspects:

The tension is proportional to the arm length of the arch, and the longer the arm is, the greater the tension.

When wearing heel shoes, heel and foot arch are combined into a mechanical whole, which is equivalent to lengthen the rear arm of the arch.

In this way, the tension of the sole is increased and the extent of increase is directly proportional to the height of the heel.

The increased tension of the arch will cause it to be overstretched, resulting in relaxation, damaging the stability of the arch and causing flat feet.

For example, when the weight of the talus decreases, the "scaphoid of the foot will rise as a result of the descent of the talus."

In this way, when standing, the forearm ligament not only bears the tension of the concave side, but also bears the shearing force between the bones.

In this way, the shear force of the anterior foot ligament will also increase, which will lead to the occurrence of flat feet too easily.

But this is not a good thing for the arch of the foot. To maintain the normal form of the arch, the moderate tension of the foot muscles is needed to reduce the overstretching of the ligaments.

The middle heel shoes relax the muscles, and the force of the ligaments will increase. In the long run, the result of ligaments relaxation must be flat feet.

At present, doctors suggest that foot muscles exercise is the same for flat feet.

Female flat foot patients are more than men, and women's heels are generally higher than men's.

It is hard to believe that it is true.

"Human body vibration response" is a discipline that specializes in the impact of vibration on human health. It believes that walking and running are natural ways of human exercise.

Especially when it comes to the work done by the muscles, it can be considered that the vibration stress should not have any harmful consequences under normal circumstances. In order to obtain the indication of the vibration characteristics of the human body in upright posture, it is beneficial to compare the reaction of people induced by vibration when walking or running.

It can be seen that such a shock is not only harmless but beneficial.

The history of shoe heels is only a few hundred years, and the history of human barefoot and wearing heels is millions of years. There is no record of injuries to the spine and brain due to walking and running.

If that happens, humans may not be able to survive the appearance of heels.

Generally speaking, the vibration of spine and brain will increase a lot when exercising, but those who take part in exercises do not suffer damage, and most sports avoid wearing heels to prevent sprain.

Also unfounded, the heel shoes make the force of the feet average.

From the perspective of footprint and gait analysis, this is the gait characteristics of the elderly, which corresponds to the posture of the elderly.

Gait tending towards old age can only make posture and posture deteriorate.

The superiority of middle heels is also hard to prove.

It is generally accepted that it is not suitable for running. Therefore, the author believes that it is also not suitable for walking.

Because it is not suitable for hiking, there is no reason to think that it is good for short distance walking.