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Etiquette For Entering The House

2008/11/14 13:09:00 41841

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The meaning of home visit

Access to the home refers to the respondents according to the sampling principle of the research project to the respondents' home or work unit, find qualified respondents, directly face to face with the interviewees, get the respondents' first hand information and information investigation methods for specific things, phenomena, willingness or behavior.

In the process of entering the home, the interviewer can verify the authenticity of the questions answered by the interviewees, so that the survey errors are reduced. In addition, the interviewees can explain the various difficulties to the interviewees at any time because of their flexibility in grasping the order of questioning according to the situation, so that the accuracy of the visits has been improved and the effectiveness of the visits has also been ensured.

Because of the unique advantages of home visits, household visits have become the most commonly used method in public opinion polls.

In the first public security survey conducted in A City, the household survey method was adopted in zero survey.

Examples 4, 1, 1, household access method, steps, examples

1執行時間：2003年10月15日至11月15日

2調查區域:A市19個區

3調查對象:要求同時滿足以下條件:年齡在16歲以上，70歲以下；A市常住居民(指在當地居住一年及一年以上的)。

4抽樣方法：本次抽樣采用多層隨機抽樣法，首先通過各區A市人口比例來確定各區需要樣本數。再通過各區管轄的街道、鄉和鎮數量來確定各街道、鄉和鎮所需樣本數量。再根據街道、鄉鎮管轄居委會、村委會的數量確認居委會的樣本量。最后在居委會中通過隨機抽取的方法獲得樣本。在訪問階段遇拒訪、無人或不符合訪問條件，以下一個樣本戶替代。在抽取街道、居委會過程中，根據配額選取指定重點區域的受訪樣本。重點區域名單的確定由委托方提供。

5訪問方法：使用入戶面對面的訪問形式，訪問由零點訪問中心訪問員執行。訪問采用讀錄法進行，即由訪問員讀出問題及選項，必要時出示卡片和圖片，由受訪者回答，由訪問員填寫。每份訪問大約持續15~30分鐘。訪問結束時贈送小禮品。

6數據處理：本次調查在所有問卷回收后，經過復核編碼工作，數據使用Epidata軟件錄入計算機，經過邏輯查錯形成最終數據庫。

入戶訪問的特征

Generally speaking, household visits generally have several characteristics.

The interview was conducted in the environment where respondents were familiar with the questionnaire.

Visits are conducted in the respondents' homes or units, that is, the visit is in a comfortable, safe and natural environment. Usually, once the visit begins, the respondents will generally have the patience to complete their visits, and there is little case of refusal or discontinuation.

訪問的問卷可以相對較長

Because the visit was conducted in the respondents' home or the respondents' units or other fixed places, the respondents were less disturbed by external factors.

And in general, access is usually conducted in the amateur hours of the interviewee (such as the weekend), and the visitor has plenty of time to answer the question.

Therefore, it is more appropriate for households who have larger internal capacity or longer access time.

易于質量控制

During the household visit, the interviewee must clearly record the address of the respondents' family or unit, and can also contact the face-to-face interview with the respondents' consent. Therefore, when the reviewer inspecting the visiting questionnaires in real time, they can find out the respondents' face-to-face checks according to the detailed addresses recorded in the questionnaire, which has brought great convenience to the authenticity of the inspection visits.

可以進行研究內容較為復雜的調查項目

Because the visit to the home is conducted in the environment that the respondents are familiar with, the access time can be relatively long. Therefore, the accessor can make use of some accessed articles, such as samples, photographs, cards, and graphics, to achieve more or more complicated visits, which is difficult to do in general telephone, interception or internet access.

結果可以進行總體推斷

Household visit is a good method of multi stage random sampling survey, and its results can be used for overall inference.

For a public opinion poll, if you need to infer the overall attitude or behavior of some of the respondents, the way of household visits can meet the requirements well.

Relatively speaking, other types of access methods, such as online surveys and interception visits, can not be controlled by the interviewees' sampling. Therefore, the survey results obtained by such methods do not have a good effect in inferring the market as a whole, or we can not deduce the overall situation of the survey based on these findings.

調查成本較高

Due to the complexity of the procedures for entering the home, the cost of visiting is relatively high. This includes all kinds of pportation expenses and the gift fees of the respondents, and these expenses will be greatly reduced or not in other non household visits.

At the same time, when using household visits, the cost of labor paid by investigation companies to visitors is higher than that of other survey methods, all of which increase the cost of investigation to a certain extent.

拒訪率較高

Generally speaking, ordinary consumers are reluctant to accept unscent visits and safety concerns. Especially when visiting residents in central cities, sometimes visitors need to contact many samples to find a sample that is eligible and willing to be interviewed. Therefore, the rate of refusal to visit households is relatively high.

In addition to the above characteristics, the main problem facing household visits is whether the authenticity and reliability of the survey data can not be guaranteed if the visitors do not strictly follow the quality of the sampled households in advance or according to the pre designed problems and requirements.

Therefore, in the household survey, the selection, supervision and training of the interviewer will be very important.

入戶訪問的技巧

In view of the above characteristics of household visits and taking into account the sensitivity of opinion polls, visitors often encounter more communication barriers in entry visits, which include barriers to entry time, trust barriers from interviewees, and communication barriers from interviews.

Among them, the time barrier to visit is from the conflict between the free time and the execution time of the respondents themselves.

The trust disorder is mainly manifested in the psychological trust of the interviewees. For example, the respondents may doubt whether the interviewees are engaged in public opinion surveys or have other purposes.

Communication barriers in interviews are mainly manifested in the fact that the communication between the interviewees and the respondents may be poor due to the poor psychological quality of the interviewers.

To effectively overcome these communication barriers and ensure the quality of visits, visitors need to master certain access skills.

□選擇一個合適的訪問時間

In order to overcome the time barriers to visit, it is very necessary to choose an appropriate access time.

Generally speaking, the statutory rest days (such as Saturday, Sunday, etc.) and statutory working day's leisure time (such as evening) are the best time to visit households.

During these periods, there are more opportunities for family members to gather, and the probability of visiting households is greater.

Of course, when choosing the time to visit households, we also need to consider the differences in the social work hours of the respondents. For example, when our visitors are mainly targeted at the self-employed households, because their time is controlled more freely, the choice of time to visit is not limited to the statutory rest days.

For example, when our target audience is mainly targeted at the age group of over 50 years old people, because these groups are mainly retirees, different considerations should also be given when choosing a home.

□選擇合適的訪問員

From the point of view of overcoming the barriers to entry, it is very meaningful to choose suitable visitors to alleviate this problem.

Generally speaking, the trust barrier of male visitors is generally greater than that of female interviewers; the smaller the age is, the smaller the trust barrier of the interviewees is.

Besides, the clothes and manners of the interviewer will also have a greater impact on overcoming trust barriers.

In view of these factors, the young female students are generally more suitable to take part in the public opinion polls. At the same time, strict training in dress and communication etiquette for visitors is helpful for improving the validity of visits.

□提高訪問員的交際能力

In order to overcome the communication barriers in the process of visiting households, improving the communication skills of the interviewees is the most direct way to improve the influence.

This includes the ability of the interviewer to interpret the questionnaire, the ability of the interviewer to communicate in depth, and the ability to control the scene. Usually, we can achieve the purpose of visiting through the basic training (visiting skills) and special training (understanding of the questionnaire).

實例412訪問員實際入戶訪問感受示例

First entry into the household