National Cotton Cultivation Technology Monitoring Report This Year

China Cotton Research Institute, the national cotton industry technology system and the public welfare industry special cotton group in 2010 carried out the whole process tracking and monitoring of 16 cotton producing provinces, 158 designated County farms and 4210 designated farmers. Among them, the investigation on the cropping system and planting mode was carried out in the administrative villages, and combined with the correction of the large county, a large amount of the latest cotton planting situation was obtained, and the national cotton cultivation monitoring report was released.

I. cultivation techniques

1, popularizing the technology of early promotion.

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Further analysis shows that the Yangtze River is dominated by conventional seedling pplanting, accounting for 87.9% of the total area, an increase of 2.8 percentage points, while conventional plastic film mulching accounted for 8.2%, reducing 0.6 percentage points.

Double membrane cotton accounted for 1.7%, minus 0.4 percentage points.

The direct seeding cotton in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has been reduced by 1.8 percentage points.

In the Yellow River, seedling pplanting accounted for 14.8%, an increase of 6 percentage points, and plastic film mulching accounted for 76.1%, reducing 8.1 percentage points, of which conventional film mulching decreased 5.2 percentage points, and double membrane cotton reduced 2.9 percentage points, which may be related to the decrease of hybrid cotton planting area; direct broadcast accounted for 9.1%, 2.1 percentage points higher.

Northwest plastic film covers 100% of the total area, of which conventional plastic film mulching accounted for 35.9%, an increase of 1.3 percentage points, and wide film mulching accounted for 64.1%, an increase of 2.8 percentage points.

2, reduced harvest density is mainly affected by climate.

Density and boll number are the key factors of yield per unit area.

The monitoring results showed that the cotton density in the country decreased in 2010, and the harvest density was 5268 / mu, reducing 44 plants / mu, and reducing 0.8%.

Among them, the Yangtze River has 1475 plants per mu, which is unchanged from 2009.

The Yellow River has 3162 plants / mu, an increase of 16 plants per mu, an increase of 0.5%.

Northwest harvest density of 13017 plants / mu, minus 391 plants / mu, minus 2.9%.

For late spring sowing, the density of seedlings increased by more than 10%. However, due to frequent occurrence of disasters in the growing season, heavy damage, waterlogging and disease aggravated, resulting in an increase in dead seedlings, resulting in reduced harvest density.

In addition, the growth uniformity of Northwest high-density cotton decreased and the empty plant rate increased, which was also one of the reasons for the reduction of yield.

3. The bolls per plant decreased.

Monitoring results showed that in 2010, the number of bolls was 10.2 per plant, or 1.2, or 10.5%.

Bolls per plant in the three producing areas: 1.2 / 3.8%, 30.4 / three in the Yangtze River.

The Yellow River has 14.5 / plants, minus 2.4, minus 14.2%.

Northwest 5.2 / plant, minus 0.3, minus 5.5%.

4, analysis of the elements of production reduction.

Owing to the decrease of bolting and harvesting density per unit area, the number of bolls per unit area is 53734 mu / mu, minus 6820 mu / mu, with a decrease of 11.3%.

Rotten bell is another important reason for the reduction in 2010.

According to the monitoring results, 2.3 rotten bells and 22.5% rotten bolls in the whole country increased by 6.9 percentage points compared with the same period last year. Among them, 4.1 of the rotten bolls in the Changjiang River were 13.5%.

The Yellow River rotten bell 4.8 / plant, the ratio is as high as 33.1%.

In 2010, the cotton growth index of China was 84, indicating that the growth of cotton was worse than 15% in 2009, and the yield was expected to decrease by more than 15%.

Two. Multiple cropping index and cropping pattern.

1, multiple cropping index.

Multiple cropping index refers to the percentage of total harvest area occupied by cultivated land in the whole year.

Monitoring showed that the multiple cropping index of cotton fields in 2010 was 144%, 6 percentage points lower, and three large watersheds reduced.

The national single cropping cotton field accounts for 57.6% of the sown area, an increase of 2.2 percentage points, and an area of 42 million 760 thousand mu. The two cropping system accounts for 40.8% of the sown area, reducing 1.7 percentage points, and the area is 30 million 360 thousand mu.

The multiple cropping index of the Yangtze River Basin decreased by 1 percentage points from the Yangtze River to 191%, that is, the two and multiple mature areas of the cotton field in this watershed were reduced by 400 thousand mu.

The Yellow River was 140%, minus 6 percentage points, mainly due to the decrease of cotton planting area of wheat stubble pplanting cotton and wheat.

The northwest is 116%, minus 6 percentage points. The area of cotton intercropped with cotton, jujube, apricot and grape continues to increase.

2, planting mode.

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