Shoe Enterprises Should Face Up To The Problem Of Employment Stress

The pattern of labor supply and demand is changing.

Face up to the current enterprise employment stress problem

Labor shortage is an old problem that enterprises often reflect in recent years, and some new situations have appeared since the beginning of this year.

From the survey, although there has not been such a serious degree of "labor shortage" in some media before, the grass-roots and enterprises generally reflected that the current labor employment does exist in "four difficulties":

This year is harder than usual.

Enterprises generally reflect that this year's biggest feature is the greatly reduced number of migrant workers reworking.

The survey results of 1000 industrial enterprises in the first quarter showed that 71.9% of the enterprises reflected employment pressure, which was 14.8 percentage points higher than that of the fourth quarter of last year. Nearly 1/3 of the enterprises reflected 10% of the total labor shortage.

According to the human resources of the Provincial Department of human resources and social security

Two ends are harder than the middle.

This year, the problem of employment tension is more reflected in the structural shortage, and the enterprises generally reflect that both the ordinary workers and the high-end talents are more scarce, and the college students in the middle level are difficult to obtain employment.

Technology and capital intensive enterprises are better than labor-intensive enterprises, and large enterprises with standardized management are better than small and medium-sized enterprises.

From the survey results of 1000 industrial enterprises, the contradiction between shortage of labor and employment is mainly concentrated in traditional labor intensive industries.

For example, "

Shifting is harder than digestion.

This year, the production costs of enterprises are rising rapidly. According to the questionnaire reflected by 1000 industrial enterprises, 93.4% of enterprises reflect the pressure of rising costs, especially the rapid increase in labor costs, and 43.2% of enterprises reflect the increase in labor costs by more than 10%.

As the bargaining power of enterprises is generally low, they are faced with the squeeze of both ends, which is constrained by the shortage of employment, and must be increased to attract employees through salary and welfare.

Judging from the survey, 2/3 of enterprises reflect that it is difficult to pass the upward pressure on the cost of upstream costs.

Some foreign trade enterprises have reflected that profit growth can not keep up with the speed of sales growth. Many orders are now "running volume". However, due to the needs of the company's operation, they can only be supported.

The monitoring of 1500 key export related enterprises of the Provincial Department of Commerce in March showed that 35.5% of the profits were flat and 41.4% of the enterprises fell.

It is more difficult to keep people than to recruit people.

Around the problem of labor shortage, grass-roots governments and enterprises have taken a number of effective measures, including raising staff income standards, improving the working environment, increasing cross regional and network recruitment efforts, accelerating production process upgrading, reducing the number of workers, and recruiting high frequency organizations.

But this year, two new situations deserve attention: first, more attention should be paid to how to retain migrant workers.

The grass-roots and enterprises generally reflected that in the past, the emphasis on migrant workers was on how to retain them.

At present, migrant workers are unable to integrate into local society and lack sense of belonging because of their institutional barriers such as children's difficulty in enrollment, social security coverage and housing difficulties.

Two, we should pay more attention to the introduction of technical talents.

The most prominent problem is the housing problem. The high-end talents can basically be solved by the small number of talents, and ordinary employees can be pferred by means of public rental housing.

Many enterprises call for government and enterprises to work together to solve this problem, so as to retain useful talents for our province.

Solve the problem of labor shortage in a multi pronged way

The problem of labor stress is the signal of increasing pressure on pformation and upgrading of our province.

The pattern of labor supply and demand is changing, and labor shortage will become normal. In the long run, the upward trend of labor costs is inevitable. We should face up to this trend and make good use of it, which will become a powerful push for pformation and upgrading of enterprises.

Around the solution to the problem of labor shortage, the following countermeasures are taken: short-term and long-term measures should be taken simultaneously, and government enterprises should link up with each other, so as to "package pfers and replace them".

Package is to promote the outsourcing of low-end processing and manufacturing.

In recent years, the increasingly intense employment stress has highlighted that the low cost competitive advantage of traditional enterprises based on cheap labor force is weakening. Outsourcing of low-end processing and manufacturing is the objective law and trend of the enterprises in the process of development and growth.

We should pform the employment pressure into the endogenous driving force for pformation and upgrading, outsourcing the low value-added manufacturing links to the third party, reduce the demand for employment, and focus on strengthening core competitiveness, such as high-end manufacturing capabilities, research and development, marketing, brand building, etc., and strive to occupy the two ends of the "smile curve".

It is suggested that we should strengthen the research and production of outsourcing of production links, foster typical models, guide the outsourcing, take the initiative to outsource, and promptly formulate policies and measures to encourage outsourcing.

The shift is to pfer labor-intensive industries orderly.

Industrial gradient pfer is the objective law of economic development.

Since 1980s, Asia's "four dragons" and other newly industrialized countries or regions have shifted their labor-intensive industries with no competitive advantages to coastal areas of China. At the same time, we have also moved to gradually shift industries that do not have comparative advantages to the central and western regions, leaving room for the development of new industries.

It is necessary to guide enterprises to take the initiative to turn around and move out of space. It is suggested to study and formulate incentive policies for vacant factories in the relocation of enterprises, and to take care of the factory buildings or vacant areas left by labor-intensive enterprises in the province, such as for industrial upgrading or development of modern service industries, to take care of and take corresponding benefits in the new business tax or to change the land use; to take an orderly turn and turn out the benefits in the light of the new trend, and to study the policy of orderly guiding the overseas investment of enterprises outside the province, and to increase the incentive to make efforts to retain the headquarters of enterprises and retain the R & D marketing institutions. By organizing the construction of "Zhejiang Industrial Park" and tax sharing, the government's resistance will be reduced, and the greatest benefits can be divided into Zhejiang.

Reduction is determined to shut down backward excess capacity.

During the "12th Five-Year" period, the "demographic dividend" turning point is coming, and the reduction of migrant workers will be a long-term trend.

It is necessary to use labour stress to eliminate backward surplus capacity, stop and stop, reduce the losses, eliminate the local disadvantages, make room for development, strengthen the restraint mechanism for eliminating backward production capacity, strictly abide by the laws and regulations of environmental protection, energy consumption, safety, quality, land and other aspects, and resolutely eliminate the polluting enterprises with large energy consumption and failing to meet the standards, and still fail to meet the target after rectification.

Instead, manpower is replaced by technology and capital.

From the international experience, labor shortage and rising labor cost are often the prelude to accelerating capital and technology instead of labor.

To increase the cost of labor, enterprises should increase machinery and equipment, improve production technology, reduce employment dependence and improve organic composition of capital. We should make use of the current exchange rate adjustment to facilitate the import opportunities, support enterprises to introduce advanced and applicable technology and equipment, speed up the upgrading of equipment, and reduce labor intensity.

To stay is to maintain the support force of pformation and upgrading.

To firmly establish and retain talents is the concept of pformation and upgrading.

At the enterprise level, we must work hard in the "four retention" and make real efforts: to retain people by salary, increase the attraction to migrant workers; to keep people in the workplace, so that migrant workers can have more room for growth and opportunities; to keep people in the environment, to meet the increasing spiritual and cultural needs of migrant workers; to stay in the mood, to pay more attention to human management, to improve the working environment, to care for migrant workers and to enhance their sense of belonging.

At the government level, we should speed up the citizenization of migrant workers as the core, gradually bring migrant workers into the public service system, vigorously develop vocational education, strengthen vocational skills training for migrant workers, improve their skill levels, vigorously build harmonious labor relations, improve the wage growth mechanism and collective bargaining system, and ensure the basic rights and interests of migrant workers.

Recent work suggests: first, choose some conditional cities to carry out pilot projects of citizenization of migrant workers, give priority to skilled workers who work for a certain number of years to settle down, solve problems in education, medical care, housing security and children's admission, and integrate migrant workers into local society.

The two is to carry out multi-channel diversification to speed up the construction of apartment for talents and the construction of apartment for migrant workers. In the conditional Industrial Park, we can plan the apartment for migrant workers in a unified way, and guide enterprises to invest in capital protection.

The index of talent apartment can be considered as a separate item in affordable housing and an important part of the assessment of local governments' pformation of economic development mode.