Sericultural Production Fluctuated &Nbsp, And The Task Of Sustained And Stable Development Was Heavy.

Recently, the Department of crop management of the Ministry of Agriculture held a symposium on sericulture production and summed up the "sericulture" in 11th Five-Year.

1. The development of sericulture in 11th Five-Year is fluctuating.

This fluctuation is manifested in: first, the fluctuation of area.

The national mulberry garden area expanded from 11 million 630 thousand mu in 2005 to 14 million 410 thousand mu in 2007, and dropped to 11 million 700 thousand mu in 2009, and it resumed to 12 million 100 thousand mu in 2010.

The two is the fluctuation of seed production.

The volume of seed production expanded from 17 million 270 thousand in 2005 to 21 million 630 thousand in 2007, and reduced to 14 million 360 thousand in 2009, and then returned to 15 million 760 thousand in 2010. Three, the output of cocoons fluctuated.

Cocoon production increased from 608 thousand tons in 2005 to 782 thousand tons in 2007, down to 555 thousand tons in 2009, and then returned to 616 thousand tons in 2010.

The four is the fluctuation of cocoon price.

The price of silkworm cocoons rose from 978 yuan in 2005 to 1244 yuan in 2006, and dropped to 817 yuan in 2008, and then rose to 1544 yuan in 2010.

The five is to maximize the income of silkworm farmers in the resumption of yield increase.

The output value of silkworm cocoons increased from 11 billion 900 million yuan in 2005 to about 17000000000 yuan in 2006, and dropped to 11 billion 100 million yuan in 2008, then rose to 19 billion yuan in 2010, an increase of 58.9% over the previous year, a record high.

Six, continuous increase in production of tussah.

The total output of tussah increased from 66 thousand tons in 2005 to 72 thousand tons in 2010.

It is hard to get such achievements in the wave. The following are the following points: first, expand the development mode and make the industrial layout more reasonable.

With the deepening of the reform of silkworm cocoon circulation system, the entry of private enterprises and the input of foreign capital have brought new vitality and vitality to sericulture development, and gradually established a new mode of industrialization that takes enterprises (companies) as the leading role and agriculture, industry and trade as a whole.

Under this impetus, the main producing areas of sericulture in China have been developing to the advantageous regions, the advantageous regions have been given priority to develop, the areas are relatively more concentrated, the level of industrial intensification has been enhanced, and the cocoon production capacity has been further improved.

Two is the steady progress of scientific and technological progress and the acceleration of industrial upgrading.

China's silkworm genome research has gained the leading position in the world. The research and development of silkworm self control and incubation, silkworm temperature and humidity control, silkworm rearing and silkworm cocoon harvesting and drying equipment have made significant progress. A new high quality and efficient silkworm breeding system has been initially established, and sericulture industry system has been initially formed.

Three, resource integration is effective and mechanism innovation is constantly breaking through.

With the deepening of sericultural reform, effective integration of public resources such as policy, capital, technology, talents and other social resources has been directed to farmers to establish specialized organizations and encourage the development of order sericulture. Through the innovative forms of stock cooperative system, leasing management system, technical contract system and joint operation system, a new mode of "cocoon production, acquisition and processing", which is driven by market and leading enterprises, has been initially formed. The distribution mechanism of "risk sharing and benefit sharing" has been gradually improved.

Four, the comprehensive development and utilization of Sericultural Resources will continue to expand.

The comprehensive development and utilization of Sericultural Resources has been continuously innovating, and the sericultural circular economy mode has been continuously optimized, forming mulberry garden intercropping mode such as mulberry grass herding, mulberry dish, mulberry medicine, mulberry grain and mulberry planting mode such as mulberry and poultry. Mulberry leaves, mulberry branches, mulberry fruits, silkworm excrement and silkworm chrysalis have been used in a comprehensive way, and the comprehensive utilization of mulberry leaves, mulberry branches, silkworms and silkworm chrysalis has achieved initial results, forming a new economic growth point of sericulture industry.

Five, domestic consumption is increasing day by day, and the market structure is becoming more reasonable.

China's exports of raw silk and silk fabrics still account for 90% of the total volume of world trade, and the export prices of raw materials such as silk and silk fabrics play a leading role in the international silk market.

With the gradual increase of domestic consumption level, the potential of domestic market is gradually emerging. Silk products, silk knitwear, silk ornaments, silk blending and other products have become the leading products in the domestic consumer market, and domestic sales of silk have increased from less than 20% ten years ago to more than 35%.

The good quality of silk products such as comfort and health care has been widely recognized by consumers both at home and abroad.

Six is to accelerate the construction of silk culture and brand strategy.

At present, China's cocoon and silk industry is in a critical pition period from "Silk power" to "Silk power". With the development of Chinese economy and the wide spread of culture at home and abroad, the silk culture has expanded its influence. Especially the successful hosting of the international large-scale cultural events such as the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the Shanghai World Expo in 2010, the Chinese silk culture has been promoted. It has further promoted the promotion of silk culture and silk's own brand, and the market awareness of "high-grade silk logo" products has deepened day by day. With the progress of science and technology and innovation, the independent brand with the national characteristics and traditional culture as the core is gradually taking shape.

Two. The problems existing in the development of sericulture production in 11th Five-Year should not be ignored.

First, institutional obstacles restrict the development of sericulture and lack of basic input in sericulture production.

After the reform of the management system of National Cocoon silk industry, the management function of cocoon silk industry has been weakened. Sericulture production and sericulture development involve many departments and industries. There are many difficulties and problems at present: agricultural sector manages production, business departments circulate, industry and commerce departments control the market, prices of goods and doors manage prices, cocoons and silk processing is not in charge, responsibilities are unknown, and it is difficult to form resultant force.

Due to the inconsistency of the management system, the state's long-term input mechanism and good policy guidance for sericulture have not yet been established. The input of sericultural production at all levels of finance is seriously insufficient, resulting in the backward production facilities of silkworm industry, the ability to resist natural disasters, the weakening of scientific and technological innovation and popularization of science and technology, the lack of professional and technical talents, the continuous development of sericulture and the continuous increase of sericultural farmers' income.

Two, the ability to resist natural risks and market risks is not strong, and the risk of sericulture production and marketing is increasing. The order of production and operation needs to be further standardized.

The cocoon silk industry has two characteristics: the systematic production and the extroversion of sales. The commodity rate is high and the development cycle is long, which is influenced by natural conditions and market fluctuation.

Cocoon silk market fluctuates greatly.

The single industrial structure dominated by cocoon production, mainly in the direction of foreign trade and the silk products that remain unchanged for decades, often cause dramatic changes in the international cocoon silk market and fluctuate in price. The price of silkworm cocoons is rising and falling, which makes sericultural farmers' income and production enthusiasm unstable and restricts the sustainable development of sericulture production.

Environmental degradation is getting worse.

With the continuous development of urbanization and industrialization, the impact of environmental pollution on sericulture is becoming more and more serious. Sericulture safety incidents occur frequently.

Cocoons and bake enterprises are not self disciplined.

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Over the past 5 years, the sericulture of China has gone through two situations: Cocoon more or less cocoon. When cocoons are too large, some cocoons and bake enterprises are not trying to help the sericulture farmers to help find market and expand their sales channels. They have been pressing down the price to a great extent, resulting in the destruction of mulberry silkworm farmers in some areas. When cocoons are tight, some cocoons and bake enterprises are rushing around to buy large quantities of "Cocoons and cocoons", which has affected the promotion of new varieties and new technologies and the improvement of cocoon silk quality.

The disordered circulation of silkworm eggs in a few provinces has led to the pmission of silkworm diseases, the mutual reduction of prices, and the disorderly competition, so that the quality of silkworm eggs and the benefits of silkworm farms can not be guaranteed.

The problem of shortage of workers in silkworm breeding is becoming increasingly prominent.

Sericulture production is a labor-intensive industry. A large number of rural laborers go out to work, especially those who have strong culture, technology and labor ability. The number of people who are engaged in sericulture production is becoming more and more serious.

There is a lack of prediction and early warning mechanism for silkworm diseases and insect pests.

Silkworm diseases, such as silkworm disease, are very threatening in Guangxi and Guangdong provinces.

Three, the development ability and adaptability of silkworm eggs are lagging behind seriously, endangering the stability of the industry foundation.

Infrastructure construction is lagging behind.

Most of the silkworm farm facilities were invested and built in the six and 70s of last century.

Due to the incompatibility between the management system and the market operation mechanism, coupled with the heavy burden of debt, the serious aging of facilities, and the government's infrequent investment in the production of silkworm eggs, there is a serious shortage of development potential.

The cost of silkworm egg production is upside down, and silkworm production units are difficult to sustain.

Since last year, the silkworm farms in Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces have been released because of the price of silkworm eggs, and the price of cocoons has risen moderately.

The prices of silkworm eggs in Sichuan, Jiangsu and other provinces are still priced by the government. The price of cocoon silk has risen sharply, and the price of cocoon has also risen. In addition, the cost of wages and material consumption has risen sharply.

The production system and mechanism of silkworm eggs do not meet the requirements of market economy development.

At present, the production of silkworm eggs is contracted and ordered on demand, and silkworm production units are looking for seed sources and markets themselves, and the prices of silkworm eggs in some provinces are still priced by provincial governments.

The prices and sales of silkworm eggs are running according to the planned economic system.

As a result, silkworm production and operation are difficult to respond to the market changes effectively and timely, resulting in the cost of silkworm production upside down. Most silkworm production units are losing money and difficult to continue. In addition, the state has invested little in silkworm farms since 80s. Silkworm production units are unable to carry out the renovation and upgrading of production facilities and equipment, and silkworm production units have been in low level production for many years.

Four, there is a serious disconnection between sericulture research, education and production. The development of new varieties and technologies with strong practicability is lagging behind, and the promotion system of sericulture technology is not perfect, which seriously restricts the technological progress of sericulture production.

In the past more than 10 years, due to the unreasonable setting of scientific research institutions in sericulture, the imperfect system of public welfare Technology Extension and the lack of social service system, the leading role of leading enterprises has not yet been fully brought into play.

In addition, the comprehensive utilization of Sericultural Resources is small in scale and low in organization.

Compared with traditional sericulture, the comprehensive utilization of Sericultural Resources is still a new discipline. The scale of industry is small, the degree of industrialization is relatively low, and the research strength is weak.

Three, "12th Five-Year" targets and measures for sericulture production in China

By 2015, the area of mulberry trees will be stabilized at about 12 million 500 thousand mu, and the annual output will be maintained at about 16 million. The total output of silkworm cocoons will be around 650 thousand tons annually.

In order to achieve the above goals, efforts should be made to implement the following measures.

First, we should promote structural readjustment of sericultural production.

According to the development requirements of "one county, one color", "one Township, one industry" and "one village, one product", through the rational circulation of land, we cultivate large family of sericulture professionals, guide farmers to carry out efficient agricultural production with bright spots or demonstration films according to the principle of "making films and create bright spots", and bring the sericultural industrial base construction to the dominant producing areas. We should cultivate and build a large number of large scale, excellent quality and prominent base towns and key village communities, and expand and strengthen the special industrial base of sericulture.

Two, speed up technological innovation of sericulture.

We should carry out industry university research collaboration, tackle problems with modern science and technology, and explore new mechanisms for the development of sericultural industry based on sericulture industry and solve the bottleneck of sericulture development.

The breeding and popularization of New Mulberry Varieties with high yield, resistance, disease resistance and mulberry use were accelerated.

We should speed up the breeding and popularization of new silkworm varieties with strong, high quality, high yield and special use, and popularize the strong silkworm varieties that are suitable for the current situation in rural areas.

We should speed up R & D and promotion of new technologies and machinery in sericulture, increase efforts to popularize mulberry trees, raise silkworms and promote the popularization of machinery and equipment. We should popularize the main technologies such as mulberry one step construction, small silkworm breeding, silkworm disease prevention, elimination of silkworm diseases, silkworm disease saving efforts, paperboard checkerboard automatic lifting and other efficient and labor-saving machines such as cutting machines, cutting machines, rotary tillers and so on as normal technical measures to effectively reduce labor intensity and improve labor productivity. Four, we should increase the research and popularization of sericultural comprehensive utilization technology, and provide scientific and technological support for the pformation of traditional sericulture to modern sericulture.

The three is to strengthen the supervision of the quality of silkworm species.

Silkworm eggs is an indispensable foundation for the development of silkworm eggs. The quality of silkworm eggs is closely related to the cocoon production and the vital interests of sericulture farmers.

We should attach importance to the construction of silkworm breeding and breeding system, support the development of the construction of silkworm breeding system and silkworm variety experimental base into the good traditional system, and support the pformation of facilities and facilities in silkworm breeding farm.

The mechanism of silkworm stock reserve and surplus and deficiency adjustment is established. The investment base of seed engineering is used to establish national silkworm reserve base and South breeding base, so as to enhance the ability of silkworm production and management to resist risks and ensure the quantity and quality safety of silkworm eggs needed for sericulture production in China.

Four is to promote sericulture industrialization.

Sericulture production is an industry integrating agriculture, industry, trade, production, supply and marketing. We must use the idea of industrialization and industrialization to catch up with the development of sericulture.

We should make good use of policies to support leading enterprises and industrial development, accelerate the cultivation of leading enterprises, and provide policy guidance and financial support for manpower, financial resources and material resources.

Through policy tilt, resources should be concentrated on leading leading enterprises, and market mechanisms and rules should be utilized to expand and expand enterprises with low-cost expansion through internal and external links, encourage and guide enterprise restructuring, merger and shareholding system reform, so as to form a cocoon and silk group enterprise integrating trade, industry, agriculture, production, supply and marketing, and gradually eliminate small and poor quality enterprises through the market so as to achieve optimal allocation of resources.

We should continue to improve and promote the form of industrial operation including "enterprise + base + peasant household", "enterprise + Association (cooperative) + peasant household", sign the supply and sale contract in the form of legal contract, clarify the rights and obligations of sericulture and enterprises, establish a solid cooperative relationship, and implement the two return to ensure the stability of cocoon production, purchase and operation order.