Analysis Of Global Textile And Clothing Import And Export Pattern Transformation Situation

　　 textile Diversification of import market

At present, the global garment import market is still concentrated in the European Union, the United States and Japan, and the textile import market is diversified. In 2006~2010, the proportion of the three major traditional markets in the European Union, the United States and Japan, which accounted for the total proportion of global clothing imports, basically stabilized at 74%~78%, indicating that the level of income still has a decisive impact on clothing consumption demand. Although some emerging economies have begun to expand clothing import and consumption in recent years, their total imports still have a large gap compared with developed countries.

For example, in 2010, BRIC countries Clothing import The average increase is more than 11% (the growth rate of imports in China and Brazil is 36% and 40% respectively), but the total imports of the four countries account for only 3.1% of the world's total. This shows that although the consumer market outlook of emerging economies is generally highly regarded, it should not be overestimated in terms of its pulling effect on global clothing consumption. On the other hand, the global textile import market in 2006~2010 mainly includes the European Union, the United States, China and Hongkong, China. However, its share of global textile imports has been decreasing year by year, and over 52.74% of the demand for imports comes from other regions, especially those with no self-sufficiency in textiles.

Now, along with the economic structural recovery, the global textile and garment industry is facing a series of new internal and external situations: emerging economies are gradually becoming consumer goods import markets, China's manufacturing labor costs continue to rise, and a number of heavyweight free trade area agreements have been promulgated and implemented, all of which have rewritten the global textile and garment industry to some extent.

Geographical factors determine industrial advantages

In recent years, in the process of changing the import and export pattern of global textiles and clothing, Europe, Asia and the Americas further control textiles. Clothing export The influence of geographical location on trade pattern is increasingly prominent. As of 2010, Asia, Europe and North America accounted for 94.2% of the total global textile exports, while Asia, Europe and South America and Central America accounted for 92.9% of the total global garment exports. The trend of export to the above regions was particularly evident since the 2008 financial crisis (see Table 1 and table 2).

Geographical location has become an important factor affecting the global textile and clothing trade pattern in the quota free era. On the one hand, in Europe, Asia and the Americas, a relatively mature and stable regional textile and garment production and trade network has been formed at present. That is to say, the countries in the region form vertical division of labor according to their respective comparative advantages and textile industry development stages, such as product design, textile raw material production and garment processing, and the finished products also have a considerable scale of effective demand in the region.

In contrast, countries such as Africa and Oceania are excluded from the main regional textile and garment production and trade network because they are far from the terminal consumer market or unable to supply textile materials themselves, and their exports are at a competitive disadvantage. On the other hand, with the impasse of the WTO Doha round, countries have turned to regional free trade agreements, which further consolidated and strengthened the operation of the regional textile and garment production and trade network. Correspondingly, the influence of labor cost factors on the global textile and clothing trade pattern will be weakened in the future.