The Culture Of Chinese National Costume -- The Costume Culture Of Tu Nationality

National culture

The Tu people live mainly in

Other counties such as Huzhu, Minhe and Datong are scattered in Yue, Mong yuan and Tianzhu, Gansu.

In the past, Tu had only language and no words.

The Turkish language belongs to the Mongolia family of the Altai language family. The basic vocabulary is the same or similar to Mongolian.

In the past, in general Chinese, in 1979, relevant departments of Qinghai province formulated the "Chinese language scheme (Draft)" based on Pinyin, which has been tried and popularized.

Tu is mainly engaged in animal husbandry and agriculture, especially in sheep breeding.

The Tu people believed in polytheism, and some believed in Taoism.

Lamaism was widely believed after yuan and Ming Dynasties.

The native people are simple and hospitable, and the folk have the saying that "guests come and fortune comes". When respecting guests, we must first respect the crisp tea oil, and put on a "West buy day" (a crispy fried noodle box) carrying a large piece of fat meat. At the same time, insert a knife on the fat meat, and then pour wine into the wine with the white wool wine pot to show the good luck.

In some places, when guests arrive, the first thing to do is to respect three glasses of wine, that is, "three cups of wine with auspicious wishes". When giving guests, they must respect three cups of wine, which means "three cups of wine on the horse".

When drinking, there is the practice of drinking and singing while drinking.

If you can not drink, dip three drops in the middle finger, or three shots.

Many festivals and diets of the Tus are closely related to religion. The seven day meeting is a carnival for the Tus to celebrate the harvest.

Festivals are accompanied by various kinds of sacrificial activities and holiday foods.

Such as: during the Spring Festival, steamed rolls, steamed bread, fried cakes and so on; Duan festival to make cold noodles and jelly powder; Mid Autumn Festival to make multi-storey big moon cakes (similar to big steamed bread).

At the beginning of October, when eating dumplings, the eight of the first month of the lunar month was the best way to use the pea noodle as a "stirring group" to eat. In the twenty-three month of the twelfth lunar month, the white flour cake was also made. Diamond shaped designs were also carved on the cake, and a straw horse was made of straw to serve the kitchen.

Clothing focus

The costume of the Tu nationality has the characteristics of Mongolian and Tibetan, and the embroidery on clothing, shoes and hats is very rich.

Tu costume is popular in Qinghai.

Women's coffee frill felt hat (unmarried women do not wear), wearing slash big blue, black robe, with a broad border short shoulder, called "brick city".

The young woman wore a long sleeved robe, starting from the sleeves, dividing the blue (SKY), white (cloud), red (sun), green (tree crops), yellow (land), black (underground treasure) and so on.

Wear a wide white strip from the knees, black trousers under blue and black (unmarried women have blue and red below) and embroidered boots.

The young men of the Tus usually wear red hat and "Eagle's peck" felt hat.

The red tassel cap is a cylindrical felt hat with tapered brocade, which is a free plation of the Turkish language "Gala Muli".

Legend has it that the imperial hat has evolved in the Qing Dynasty.

Because the red top has a five inch red tassel, it is named.

The "Eagle's mouth pecking" felt hat is replaced by the back eaves of the hat, and the front eaves are unfolded.

The dress is a long sleeved shirt with a small collar, and a black edge with a four inch square coloured pattern on the front.

There is also a white short coat about three inches in embroidered collar, which is lined with lamb on the collar when it is cold.

Coat is black or purple red shoulder, buttons are mostly made of copper.

The waist belt is a narrow blue cloth or black cloth with a length of twelve feet, with five inch long stitch embroidered with flower pattern.

Wear blue or black crotch pants, two embroidered white trousers and flower belly, legs tie "black tiger down the mountain" leggings, when the leg is put the black side on the top, so called "black tiger down the mountain".

This is also a token of love for young men and women. They symbolize loyalty and loyalty. They wear white socks or black socks. Shoes are double shoes and shoes.

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Older men wear more hat.

In winter, the leather cap is sewn into a bell mouth with a blue cloth, and a lambs inside a bell mouth can be turned up or lowered.

On the top of the hat was a walnut red line.

Wear a small collar slant gown, a black jacket, a black belt, and white socks and black shoes.

When it snows in winter, men usually wear big collar white board fur coat, and the neckline, the big top and the bottom cuffs are inlaid with four inch wide edge.

Wearing a brown gown during labor, the pattern is a small round collar, with a big neck and blue cloth and black cloth along the border.

Brown is made of white or motley wool twist.

Wealthy men wear silk robes and satin vests and Liriodendron with big buttons.

The clothes of the men of the Turkish people in the three Sichuan county, Minhe county are the same as the Han nationality.

The Turkish men's clothing of the Tuen County of Tongren County is the same as that of the Tibetans.

Tu women's clothing

Women usually wear embroidered small collar slanting gown.

The two sleeves are made of red, yellow, orange, blue, white, green and black seven color cloth rings, bright and dazzling, beautiful and generous.

Commonly known as colorful sleeves, the Turkish language is called Xiu Su, meaning "flower sleeve shirt".

It is a symbol of the costume of Tu women.

From the bottom layer, the first is black, symbolizing the land; the second green represents the green grass; the third yellow symbolizes the wheat stack; the fourth white represents the manna; the fifth blue represents the blue sky; the sixth orange is the symbol of the golden light; seventh channels of red are like the sun.

The flower sleeves long sleeves are covered with black, purple or trimmed blue shoulders, and waist is white brown or blue and green, with two patterns of flowers, birds, insects, butterflies, colorful clouds, embroidery or line patterns.

There are Luo Tibet and Qian Qian in the belt.

Luo Tibet is made of copper and silver flakes. It has animal head shape, round shape, peach shape and so on. It has holes on it. It is usually used for handkerchiefs, small bells, needles and other objects, hanging on the left side of the waist belt.

It is usually a five foot long, four inch sachet with embroidered or decorative designs.

The women's money is made up of three pieces of embroidered strips on the bottom of white, with three ends of colored thread at the bottom.

Used as money bags and accessories.

Wear pleated skirts or pants.

The scarlet pleated skirt with a white edge has a skirt of about two, resembling a butterfly's two red wings, and a pair of blue or black trousers under the lower part of trousers.

Women wear the frontal strap, which is shaped like the word "Ding", which is made of blue cloth or black cloth. The two fingers are wide cylindrical and then stitched, and at the intersection the white lines are chosen to form a toothed pattern, which is called "dog tooth flower".

Wearing a crimson felt hat, enough to wear "plus", "Hua Yunzi"

"Waist shoes".

"Over plus" is also known as "Jidi shoes" and "Ze Zi Hua Du shoes". The vamp is embroidered with colorful silk threads into various flowers and oblique flowers. The shoes are decorated with colorful short spikes and the heels of the shoes are followed by three fingers of red cloth.

"Hua Yun Zi shoes", embroidered with colored silk threads on the vamp to make the moire pattern.

"Waist shoes", also known as "J Goel Mar shoes" and "Yang Zi Du shoes", are famous for their shape as boots.

Elderly women's clothing is dark and black, usually with black curled dome and felt in a small collar, with a black shoulder and black coloured sleeves.

Unmarried girls learn to comb their braids on the temples, comb a plait in the middle, three braids and braids behind, and fasten with a scarlet rope.

The front of the girl's forehead is called "hoop". It is made of white cloth embroidered. It is two inches wide, two ears long, and a few short lines and several small bells on the upper edge.

Some girls wore an embroidered scarf.

The trouser legs are covered with a length of red "post bend", and the "white bend" is connected to the trouser legs below the knee with white stripes to make the longitude and latitude clear.

Hairstyles, "bending" colors and frontal bands are often the marks for distinguishing married or unmarried women.

Tu women like to wear earrings, happy festive or visiting relatives and friends, but also hang a pair of "face ancient Su Ge" in the eardrop, that is, silver earrings, such as copper coins size, peach shaped, with a thorn pattern on the front.

Dai Dai used a string of pearls to connect two "face ancient sage" and hang them on the forehead belt.

Tu women wear necklace on their necks called "Saul", with spliced splendens into red rings and around twenty pieces of round conch with the size of copper coins.

Tu women

Often with regional characteristics, because of different regions and different.

Today's Tu costume has changed greatly along with the progress of the times. Some of the costumes have disappeared. Some of the costumes have been reproduced and reproduced.

For example, the old embroidered high necked collar is now turned into a dual-use collar; the long scarf on the "twist" (headwear) "twisted Dahl's scarf" becomes the short scarf used by today's maiden.

The vast majority of Tu nationality youth not only like to wear their national costumes, but also love their fashions. They dress fashions of the Tus or dress the costumes of the costumes, thus enriching the costume culture of the Tus.