Where Is The Road Of Labor Intensive Textile Industry?

< p > labor intensive industries are gradually changing from the dominant stage to the non dominant stage along with the whole process of economic development.

According to statistics, the industrialized stage led by labor intensive industries in the United States lasted for 110 years, and Japan lasted for 80 years.

China's industrialization is still in the pition stage from the initial stage to the medium term, and the industrialization stage of the labor-intensive industry will continue for a longer period.

However, due to the adverse effects of market environment changes and rising production costs, labor-intensive industries are facing an unprecedented grim situation.

A target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > textile > /a > < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > clothing industry > What are the difficulties faced by the typical labor-intensive industries? What are the difficulties to solve these difficulties? This article takes Changzhou, Jiangsu as an example to discuss the current situation and Countermeasures of textile and garment enterprises.

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< p > Changzhou, Jiangsu, an ancient city with a history of 3200 years in the south of the Yangtze River, north of the Changjiang River and south of Taihu. The ancient Beijing Hangzhou the Grande Canale passes through the city, and has nurtured industrial and commercial pearls on both sides of the canal.

Changzhou's textile, printing and dyeing, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/" > clothing industry < /a > has been well known throughout the country. In 1992, the total industrial output value of the city was 3 billion 612 million yuan, the average output value of workers was 12 thousand yuan, ranking second in the National City; khaki cloth, < a href= "http:// www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > corduroy < /a >, denim flying into the common people's home, "small table singing big play", "agricultural roll snowball" and "eight dragon" specialized collaborative production, Changzhou experience has made Changzhou people of that era fly with enthusiasm.

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< p > however, with the acceleration of urbanization and the pformation and upgrading of industrial structure, a group of once splendid textile and garment enterprises entered into twilight.

Although the textile and garment industry in Changzhou still occupies a certain share in foreign trade export, it still plays an important role in Changzhou's economic development (in 2012, Changzhou's textile and garment industry contributed about 13% of the city's economy).

But it is undeniable that some "made in Changzhou" have gradually fade from the historical stage and the memory of the public.

The scene of Hutang's busy textile industry is gone.

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< p > I believe that the development of Changzhou's textile and garment industry is restricted mainly by the foreign environment, domestic environment and its own factors.

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< p > strong > foreign trade environment < /strong > /p >

< p > < strong > the international market environment is deteriorating and the cost advantages of competitors increase. < /strong > < /p >

< p > international purchasing power continues to decline.

In particular, the economic giants headed by the United States, Japan and the EU are in the mire all the year round. The European debt crisis is becoming more and more intense. Once Greece is out of the euro area, it will have a huge impact on the whole European economy and the world economy. After the subprime crisis, the economic recovery is slow and the unemployment rate is high. After the Japanese earthquake, the economic recovery is more difficult and the procurement in China is more cautious.

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< p > foreign trade technical measures become more and more intense, further increasing the entry threshold of domestic textile and clothing.

Developed countries such as Europe and the United States have continuously promulgated standards and regulations on Prohibition of azo dye instructions, heavy metals, combustion performance, children's wear rope and needle inspection requirements, and set up trade barriers through the introduction of new regulations on origin labels. In developing countries such as Turkey and Indonesia, new trends in applying protective measures to textile and apparel trade protection have also appeared.

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< p > the cost advantages of the main competitors gradually increase.

Changzhou is located in the economically developed Yangtze River Delta. Due to the rising cost of labor and other comprehensive labor costs, the labor cost advantage of < a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > light textile enterprise < /a > has been weakened. A large number of foreign orders have been pferred to neighboring countries with obvious cost advantages, such as Vietnam, India, Indonesia, Kampuchea and Sri Lanka. Some domestic light textile products orders have been pferred to the new textile industrial areas in the developing areas of Jiangsu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Henan and the underdeveloped areas of central and Western China, and the trend of the overall shift of the light textile industry chain has been irreversible.

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< p > < strong > internal trade environment < /strong > /p >

< p > < strong > raw material labor cost fluctuation. RMB appreciation rate is faster than < /strong > /p >

< p > price fluctuation of raw materials.

Since 2012, the price of cotton in China has been 5000 yuan higher than that in foreign countries, up to 6000 yuan at most.

In 2013, influenced by the H7N9 avian influenza, a large number of slaughtered live birds in some areas of China resulted in a large reduction in raw materials of duck feathers and goose feathers, making the price of feather down all the way.

According to the data provided by China feather and down association, the price of 90% white eiderdown was 350 thousand yuan ~36 million yuan / ton in March this year, and by May 27th, it had risen to 590 thousand yuan ~62 million yuan / ton, or more than 80%.

A down garment export enterprise in Changzhou has increased the price of raw materials, and the company has lost up to about 9000000 yuan.

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RMB P accelerated appreciation.

The State Administration of foreign exchange data show that since April this year, the RMB has slowly moved up in the first quarter. In the 36 trading days of April 1st ~5 28, the central parity of the RMB against the US dollar has hit 16 new high since 2005, and it rose to 6.19 at 24.

So far, the central parity of RMB against the US dollar has appreciated by 1.58% this year, which is much higher than that of last year's 1.03%.

In addition, the RMB appreciation for the euro, yen and other currencies is more intense. According to the State Administration of foreign exchange data, the RMB's appreciation rate for the euro and yen has appreciated by about 2.6% and 19% respectively this year.

Some people in the market can directly reflect this impact with quantitative analysis: RMB appreciation is 1%, cotton textile, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > wool textile > /a ", and the profit rate of garment industry will drop by 10%, 8% and 7%.

For the textile and garment enterprises under the slight profit situation, it is undoubtedly worse.

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< p > "difficult employment" and "shortage of labor" seriously restrict the normal production and operation activities of enterprises.

The employment opportunities in the central and western regions increased, and the willingness of the labor force to go out for employment decreased; two, the a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > the textile enterprises < /a > the propaganda of their own image and welfare benefits was not enough, so that many workers' perceptions of the textile industry remained at the level of the 80s and 90s of last century, and there were some discrepancy such as long working hours and poor treatment; three, some enterprises were dragged down by low price competition, and the wages and salaries were not directly proportional to the labor intensity, and more and more unattractive to the migrant workers; four, the new generation of migrant workers from the 1980s and the 1990s paid more attention to the quality of life and development opportunities, and most of them were unwilling to be the general practitioners in the production line. Five, the number of jobs that the workers could choose increased, which increased the choice for some workers. There are inevitable reasons for the existence of "labor shortage": first, the industrial structure adjustment in the Yangtze River Delta region, and the pfer of many enterprises to the central and western regions.

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< p > < strong > self factor < /strong > < /p >.

< p > < strong > diversified market structure has not yet formed industrial structure growth mode to be optimized < /strong > < /p >

< p > Changzhou < a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > clothing production < /a > scale growth too fast, imbalance between supply and demand of industrial chain.

With China's entry into WTO, Changzhou has launched an upsurge of investment in textile and garment industry.

In 2005 alone, there were 794 textile and garment enterprises in Jintan alone, of which 460 were scale enterprises, and 380 million kinds of garments were produced each year.

A considerable number of enterprises in the textile and garment industry of Changzhou are blindly following the wind and investing in the middle and lower reaches industries with fast effect. This makes the expansion of products between the middle and lower reaches relatively fast, leading to a shortage of upstream raw materials, and a serious imbalance between supply and demand in the textile industry.

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< p > did not form a diversified market structure.

Japan, the European Union and the United States are the main traditional markets for clothing exports in Changzhou. Among them, the value of clothing exported to Japan accounts for more than 40% of exports and exports to the United States to 27%, which has led Changzhou enterprises to rely too heavily on developed countries and increase their trade risks.

At present, the global economy is experiencing two bottom searches, and the pace of economic recovery is slowing down, which further leads to fatigue in the international market.

Changzhou's multi-channel, multi port, diversified and diversified export clothing strategy has not been formed. This is the main reason why Changzhou's clothing export is greatly affected by the financial crisis.

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< p > unreasonable industrial structure and growth mode.

From the perspective of industrial structure, Changzhou textile "a href=" http://www.91se91.com > clothing export < /a > products are basically in the international division of labor and the low end of the value chain. In the fields of new fibers and fabrics, dyeing and finishing, industrial textiles, new environment-friendly products and textile machinery, which require high technology and capital investment, there is a big gap with developed countries.

From the perspective of growth mode, the growth of textile and apparel products is mainly based on "running volume", and too much depends on price competition.

Changzhou's textile and garment export faces not only fierce international competition, but also competitive pressure from China.

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< p > brand building is weak.

On the whole, Changzhou's textile and apparel products are insufficient to use their own brands to enter the international market in export, and the product development and brand operation are relatively weak. There is still a big gap between the brand building and operation and the world level.

Most textile and garment enterprises in Changzhou pursue large-scale profits, sample processing and OEM production in pursuit of short-term interests, or simply imitate and copy foreign products, resulting in a low level expansion of textile and garment industry for a long time.

Developing famous brands with independent intellectual property rights is an important part of promoting the industrialization process of textile and clothing.

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< p > < strong > enterprise strategy < /strong > < /p >

< p > Changzhou textile and garment industry is facing a severe test. For survival and development, strategic adjustment must be carried out to upgrade and optimize the industrial pformation.

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< p > promote technical pformation < /p >

< p > at present, the equipment level of Changzhou's textile industry is relatively backward, and it can only produce low-grade products. The phenomenon of homogenization of products is more serious, price competition is very fierce, and the profit margin of enterprises is very small.

Therefore, the most urgent task for Changzhou to optimize the development of the labor-intensive light industry is to vigorously promote technological pformation, improve equipment level as soon as possible, adopt advanced production technology and technology, greatly improve product quality and grade, increase product differentiation, increase product color varieties and added value, avoid low-level price competition, and regain and further expand competitive advantage.

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< p > cultivate innovation ability < /p >

< p > Changzhou's textile and garment industry is lack of independent innovation ability. New product development mainly comes from simple imitation. Simple imitation is short in time, low in investment, low in risk and convenient in operation. It also plays a huge role in the early stage of industrial development. However, this simple approach lacks the ability of independent research and development, and its core technology is often controlled by others. Industrial Development stays at low technology level and development space is narrow.

Therefore, it is necessary to pform from simple imitation to the introduction of technology digestion and absorption and the two innovation, and ultimately form the ability of independent innovation, and grasp the initiative of industrial development.

We should actively promote the construction of technology R & D centers in the industry and organize common tackling key technologies.

In addition, we should attach great importance to the development of various patent technologies, increase investment in the strategy of patented technology development, improve the quantity and quality of patented technology, and form technological advantages.

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< p > forming brand superiority < /p >

< p > for textile < a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > garment industry < /a >, implementing brand strategy and forming industrial brand advantage is one of the important ways to realize industrial optimization and development.

The basis of brand is product quality. Without high quality products, it is impossible to create a good brand.

At present, the primary task of improving the quality of textile and garment industry in Changzhou is to do a good job of quality basic management.

Enterprises should further increase the software and hardware investment to improve the quality of products, and steadily improve the quality of products.

The implementation of brand strategy is not only to create an advantage brand, but also to consider the role of the brand.

We should create the dominant brand, give full play to the advantages of the brand, expand the market, accelerate the development of the industry, speed up the pace of the brand products going abroad and participate in the international market competition.

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< p > < strong > policy assistance > /strong > /p >

< p > optimize the government service function < /p >

< p > the government should give full play to the basic role of market resource allocation and regulate the economic operation by market orientation.

We should further pform the functions of the government, reduce the administrative examination and approval activities of the government on economic affairs, and create a relaxed market oriented macro regulation and control environment for the development of enterprises.

It is necessary to formulate industrial policies for industrial development, further expand financing channels, actively develop the capital market, expand the proportion of direct financing of enterprises, and support the listing of a number of key enterprises.

At the same time, we should improve the investment environment, expand the use of foreign capital, and improve the quality of utilizing foreign capital.

We should actively attract private capital and form a pattern of diversified investment so as to create a good business environment for enterprises.

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