Interpretation Of Emission Standards For Water Pollutants In Tanning And Fur Processing Industry

< p > > the newly released standards for the discharge of pollutants in leather and fur processing industry (GB 30486-2013) (hereinafter referred to as the "standards") is of great significance for China to strengthen the emission control of heavy metals and other toxic and harmful pollutants. The head of the science and Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of environmental protection received the reporter's interview and answered questions from reporters about how to understand and implement this standard.

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What is the background of < < p > > strong > 1. to make the standard < /strong > < /p >

Since the reform and opening up, with the improvement of people's living standards and the increasing demand for leather, China's leather and fur processing industry has been developing rapidly, becoming the pillar industry of China's light industry, and has become the world's largest producer of leather products. P

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< p > > a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_f.asp" > leather and fur processing industry < /a > is also a polluting industry in light industry. It has a series of problems, such as large discharge capacity, complex sewage composition, weak environmental awareness of enterprises, uneven pollution treatment and low promotion of cleaner production.

At present, China's tanning and fur processing industry produces 1.6 billion tons of wastewater, about 404 thousand tons of COD, 16 thousand tons of ammonia nitrogen, and 1280 tons of total chromium (trivalent chromium). After treatment, the effluent is about 1.38 million tons, COD is about 30 thousand tons, ammonia nitrogen 7300 tons, and total chromium (trivalent chromium) 6.72 tons.

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< p > for this reason, the Ministry of environmental protection decided to formulate < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_q.asp" > "discharge standard of water pollutants for leather and fur processing industry" < /a > according to the characteristics of the industry.

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< p > < strong > 2., compared with the current standard, what are the main changes in the standard? < /strong > < /p >

< p > at present, the tanning and fur processing industry implements the comprehensive wastewater discharge standard issued in 1996 (GB 8978-1996).

In comparison, the effluent standard of tanning and fur processing industry has the following characteristics: < /p >

< p > one is to consider the characteristics of the industry more comprehensively.

For example, CODCr, BOD5 and other indicators in the comprehensive wastewater discharge standards specify the applicable limits of the leather industry, but other characteristic pollutants are implemented according to the "other pollutant discharge units" or "all pollutant discharge units".

The new standard has clarified the pollutants in tanning and fur processing industrial wastewater and improved the pertinence.

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< p > two is the "sewage comprehensive discharge standard" set the three level emission limits according to the direction of sewage discharge, which not only causes unfair competition among enterprises, but also is not conducive to the total amount control of regional pollution.

The new standard provides direct and indirect emission limits according to the technical level of water pollutants treatment in the industry. Heavy metals and other highly toxic pollutants are directly and indirectly discharged with the same limit.

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< p > three is the production of skin collagen in the leather making process. After hydrolysis, it becomes organic ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen and other substances. It is easy to cause eutrophication of water body. The new standard sets total nitrogen control index.

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< p > four is the salt and preservation process of leather making and fur processing less than a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_f.asp" > raw material < /a >. The new standard increases chloride ion control index.

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< p > five is the industry feature that takes full consideration of wet storage of raw materials and improves the maximum allowable discharge water index.

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< p > < strong > 3.. What are the costs and benefits of implementing the standard? < /strong > < /p >

< p > the overall control requirements for the discharge standards of water pollutants in tanning and fur processing industry are equivalent to the average emission control level in developed countries.

After the implementation of the standards, it is estimated that the total COD and NH3-N emissions will be reduced to 11800 tons and 2380 tons respectively, 57.2% and 67.4% less than that in 2010.

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< p > the implementation of the new standard requires that the tanning and fur processing industry increase the input of environmental protection. It is estimated that the investment and upgrading of sewage treatment facilities need to invest nearly 2 billion yuan, and the annual running cost will be about 1 billion 700 million yuan.

Comprehensive environmental benefits and investment intensity, reaching the standard cost is reasonable.

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< p > < strong > 4.. How will the implementation of the standard affect the industry? < /strong > /p >

< p > the new standard has increased the entry threshold for the industry. The implementation of the new standard will accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity, and urge a group of enterprises that are backward in production equipment, low in technological level, imperfect in environmental pollution control facilities, and small and weak in the market.

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< p > it is estimated that about 10% of the leading enterprises (above 200 thousand mark sheets of cattle hide) need to further strengthen environmental management and upgrade some of the links. About 45% of the medium enterprises (above 50 thousand mark sheets and cattle hide) need upgrading and upgrading, some enterprises with difficulties in upgrading will face the pressure of elimination, and about 45% of the small enterprises (below 50 thousand scales of cattle hide) will be eliminated.

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The market orientation of < p > new standard is consistent with the national industrial policy. It is of great significance to promote the tannery and fur processing industry's adjustment structure, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp", change the growth mode < /a >, and promote the cleaner production and technological progress of pollution control.

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< p > < strong > 5. what measures should be taken to achieve the standard in leather making and fur processing enterprises? < /strong > < /p >

< p > enterprises should take full process control measures to prevent and < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp" > to reduce the generation and discharge of pollutants < /a >.

In terms of cleaner production, it includes the preservation and preservation of raw skins, processing of fresh skins, preservation of low salt, hair removal, high chrome absorption and chrome tanning, and reduction of salt consumption in tanning process.

In terms of pollution control, including classifying the trivalent chromium and sulfide, and focusing on simultaneous reduction of COD and denitrification, the two stage A/O process can be selected; hydrolysis acidification + oxidation ditch + ozone oxidation + biological aerated filter; hydrolysis acidification (anaerobic) + A/O process; hydrolysis acidification + aerobic oxidation + SBR process.

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< p > to implement the State Council's < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_q.asp" > air pollution control action plan < /a >, through the formulation and revision of the key industries emission standard "forced" industrial pformation and upgrading, the Ministry of environmental protection and the General Administration of quality supervision and Quarantine issued the "tanning and fur processing industrial water pollutants emission standards" (GB 30486-2013) and < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_q.asp" > "battery industry pollutant discharge standards" < /a > (GB 30484-2013). These two new emission standards play an important role in enhancing the emission control of heavy metal pollutants.

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< p > environmental protection department responsible person pointed out that the scale of leather production in China ranks first in the world, and the problems such as large volume of sewage discharge, complex sewage components, uneven pollution levels of enterprises, and less efforts to promote cleaner production in the industry are highlighted.

At present, the industry produces 1.6 million tons of waste water annually, of which COD is about 404 thousand tons, ammonia nitrogen is 16 thousand tons, and total chromium is 1280 tons. The current comprehensive emission standards are relaxed, the threshold for entry is low, and the pertinence is not strong.

< a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_q.asp" > "discharge standard for water pollutants in leather and fur processing industry" < /a > (GB 30486-2013) has clearly defined the total nitrogen and chloride ions and other characteristic pollutant indicators of the leather and fur processing industrial wastewater discharge, and has tightened the emission limits and the benchmark discharge index according to the development of water pollutants treatment technology in the industry.

After the implementation of the new standard, it is estimated that the annual COD and ammonia emissions can be reduced to 11800 tons and 2380 tons respectively, with a reduction rate of 57.2% and 67.4% respectively. At the same time, the industrial structure should be optimized, so that a batch of enterprises with backward production equipment, low technology level, and imperfect environmental pollution control facilities and small and weak enterprises will be eliminated.

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