Types And Application Technology Of Leather Antiseptic And Mould Inhibitor

With the development of society and the improvement of living standards, people's demand for durable consumer goods, such as clothing, sanitary products, daily necessities and commodity packaging, is getting higher and higher. Especially, the use of antibacterial materials in public facilities has become a trend in order to inhibit microbes and prevent the spread of diseases. The production of antibacterial materials has become a new industry. More and more attention has been paid to antibacterial agents in the world. The microorganism is the general name of all tiny creatures that are invisible to the naked eye or can not be seen clearly. Their classification is as follows: prokaryotes: bacteria, actinomycetes and mycoplasma, etc. eukaryotic: fungi (yeast, mold) and protozoa, etc. (1) the types of antibacterial agents 1.1. According to the degree of inhibition of microbial growth, antibacterial agents are divided into disinfectants, disinfectants and bacteriocides according to their degree of inhibition of microbial growth. Disinfectant, which kills all the microorganisms (including pathogens and non pathogenic bacteria) in the organism. Disinfectants kill pathogens. General disinfectants are effective only for the propagation of bacteria under normal concentrations, but no killing effect on spores. Bacteriostat, also known as bacteriostatic agent or preservative, can prevent or inhibit microbial growth. Generally speaking, antibacterial agents or antibacterial materials all have bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects. Many drugs only have bacteriostatic action at low concentration, and can be bactericidal when the concentration increases or the action time is long. 1.2. According to chemical composition, according to chemical composition, antibacterial agents can be divided into two categories: inorganic and organic. 1.2.1 inorganic inorganic antibacterial agent mainly refers to the silver, copper, zinc and other antibacterial or metal ions loaded on inorganic carriers on the carrier, has the advantages of heat resistance, durability, continuity and safety, but there are some shortcomings, such as silver resistance. In the environment where the concentration of metal ions is relatively high, microbial survival is affected by many factors. There are mainly two kinds. 1) microbial inoculants are weak in mildew resistance, high in dosage, high in cost and easy to discoloration. At present, inorganic antibacterial materials are mainly used in textiles, plastics, coatings and ceramics. The antibacterial mechanism is that the metal element acts as an antibacterial form in its ionic form. When the metal cation exists outside the microbial membrane, it changes the polarization state inside and outside the normal biofilm, and causes new ion concentration to prevent or destroy the transportation of small molecules and macromolecular substances needed by cells to maintain physiology. 2) metal ions that enter cells can also bind to nucleic acids and destroy cell division and reproduction. There are also photocatalytic antibacterial materials. At present, the photocatalytic antibacterial agent L3] mainly consists of TiO2, ZnO, CdS, WOs, SnO2 and Fe2O. N type semiconductor metal oxides, such as Ti02, have higher oxidation activity, stronger stability and no toxicity to human body. TiO. Under the irradiation of light, the crystal can completely kill the microorganism in contact with it in a short time. It has the advantages similar to metal ions, which is effective, durable, and has no two pollution. Its antibacterial mechanism is TiO. The absorption of free radicals by near ultraviolet light can cause oxidation and degradation of organic matter, including penetrating cell membrane, destroying membrane structure, decomposing bacteria, viruses and cancer cells, and degrading the toxin L2] produced by cells. Because of TiO. It can act on organic matter, so its antibacterial spectrum is wider than that of metal ions. (1.2.2) organic class of organic antibacterial agents include natural and synthetic two major series. (1) natural type natural antibacterial agents are refined from plants and animals. They come from nature and are rich in natural resources. People get many kinds of natural antibacterial agents through extraction and purification. In recent years, with the enhancement of environmental awareness and the rapid improvement of biotechnology research, natural antimicrobial agents have attracted more and more attention. According to the different sources of natural antimicrobial agents, they can be divided into plant sources, animal sources and microorganism sources. At present, natural antimicrobial agents and their antibacterial mechanisms are the most natural antibacterial agents. Its bacteriostatic mechanisms are as follows: secretion of antibiotics, participation in the competition of nutrition and living space, and induction of host disease resistance. Microbiologically induced hosts produce defense responses or directly infestate pathogens and inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The antimicrobial agents of animal origin include amino acids, natural peptides, high molecular carbohydrates and so on. They are rich in resources, and their action mechanism is to destroy the P1 and 4 glycosidic bonds in peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall. The antibacterial property of chitosan has been studied more than 9.. Chitosan has strong antibacterial activity. Antibacterial mechanisms generally believe that there are two kinds of NHs+: one is one of the chitosan molecules, which is positively charged and adsorbed on the cell surface; the other is through osmosis into the cell, absorbing the anionic substances in the cell, disrupting the normal physiological activities of the cell, thereby killing the bacteria. The development of natural food preservatives with strong antibacterial, safe, non-toxic and stable properties is a new research hotspot. Protamine, chicken yolk immunoglobulin, propolis and lysozyme have wide application prospects in natural preservatives. The water-soluble chitosan made by Liu Yanru overcomes the defect that it is insoluble in water. But at present, restricted by production, natural antimicrobial agents can not achieve large-scale market production. (2) the main types of synthetic organic antibacterial agents are quaternary ammonium salts, diguanidines, alcohols, phenols, organometallic, pyridines, imidazoles, thiophenes, etc. The mechanism of action is mainly to interact with the anion on the cell membrane surface of bacteria and mold, or react with sulfhydryl group, destroy the synthesis system of protein and cell membrane, and inhibit the propagation of bacteria and mold. The synthetic organic antibacterial agent has the advantages of quick effect, mildew proof effect and long lasting efficacy, but it has the disadvantages of high toxicity and poor heat resistance. The development of organic antibacterial agents has also made great progress in China. Donghua University has developed DC_ with Dow Corning company. A700 belongs to the same type of antibacterial agent CTU - I, and its antibacterial property is equivalent to DC5700. Shanghai Kang post industrial company uses halogenated aromatic compounds and their derivatives as antibacterial agents to produce antibacterial fabrics. Organic antibacterial agents in foreign markets are mostly organic nitrogen containing compounds, and their structures are similar to antistatic agents, such as organic iodine compounds, organic chloride or their complexes, and metal salts of amino acids. Organosilicon antibacterial agents used for antibacterial and deodorant in fiber products have been extensively studied in Japan and the United States, representing the DC_ of Dow Corning company. A700, its trimethoxy silyl group can be well bound to fibers, while the quaternary ammonium with eighteen alkyl is partially bactericidal. Its safety is good, but the cost is high. The so-called mildew proof antibacterial agent is the environment that can inhibit the propagation of bacteria and mold, cause the environment difficult to survive, and the effect can continue for a longer time. A long time ago, people used various methods to prevent the multiplication of microbes. However, using chemical synthetic agents to make antibacterial materials to prevent the existence and reproduction of microorganisms on fibrous products began in Germany during the two World War, and used quaternary ammonium salts to impregnate military uniforms. Japan began to deodorization and hygienic processing of fiber products in 1965. 2. Leather anti-bacterial leather products are necessary for human life. With the improvement of people's living standards, the consumption of leather is increasing. However, the raw materials used in leather making are rich in protein, fat and other nutrients, which are very easy to be invaded by microorganisms in the process of preservation. Although processed leather has increased resistance to microorganisms, mildew will still occur, especially in the leather production process, which attracts a large number of fatliquoring agents produced from natural oils. They are also hotbeds for microbial breeding. In addition, the porous structure and polar structure of leather structure make it easy to absorb moisture and leather is acidic. All the above reasons constitute the basic condition of moldy. Mouldy leather products will appear white, blue, yellow and black colonies or patches. The mold on the surface will develop into leather, which will also affect the wearability, strength and elasticity of leather. Therefore, mould can cause serious damage to the appearance and internal quality of leather and its products. Mould prevention is very important in leather industry. A kind of Leather is a product of natural macromolecule compound (collagen), which is suitable for the growth of microorganism, especially leather shoes. As the most consumed leather product, it is more conducive to the growth of fungi due to sweat and dust. Therefore, leather products, like textiles and public utilities, need to be endowed with antibacterial properties in order to inhibit bacteria, fungi and viruses. Growth, blocking the spread of disease. In order to prevent the occurrence of mold spots in leather and products, the most effective way is to add mildew proof agents. There are three kinds of mould inhibitors: inorganic compounds (including chlorine, chlorine dioxide, etc.); organic compounds such as phenols, alcohols, esters, quaternary ammonium salts; natural preservatives, such as deacetylated chitosan extracted from crabs and shrimp shells, and "bamboo beauty" extracted from bamboo. China used to use sodium pentachlorophenol, ethyl naphthol, sodium arsenite and imported PIE as leather mildew inhibitors. Sodium pentachlorophenol is highly toxic, and it is short of anti mildew period and stimulates skin and skin cancer. Domestic research on mould inhibitor is in the ascendant. There are CJ 11, A 26, DSS - II, mildew inhibitor B 200P, mildew inhibitor PM, "Jie Mei" brand leather mould inhibitor, high efficiency mildew proof agent, and applied also have: Jing Xiao Li, Fu Mei Bi, Hao Mei Jing; sterilized Dan, dehydro acetic acid, two thiocyanide, paraben ester, chloro 3 3, 5 one or two cresol vitamin K3, K4, Bai Yin Qing. A kind of At present, the commonly used leather mildew inhibitors in foreign countries are SannittlOOO (organotin compounds) of Japan's Jichi oil making company, VinkolWK, AfrotinCRO and AfrotinE1101 of Bayer's PreventolWB, Schill&Seilacher, Amical48, Busan3DI, Ciba and corrosion inhibitor of the Angu company of the United States. The company's Uberor8005 mildew inhibitor. In addition, there are FungieexPIE (composed of 4O oleic acid and 609 / 6 stearic acid, pentachlorophenol ester), CR (composed of benzothiazole derivatives and organic metal and phenolic compounds), VantocilIB, 2 octyl isothiazoline (OITZ), BCM, 1, 2 benzoisothiazoline (BIT), 2 bromide 2, one nitro one l, 3 propylene glycol (Bronopo1). An ideal antibacterial and deodorant should have the following conditions: (1) it has broad spectrum efficacy for bacteria and mould in nature; (2) antibacterial action is strong, and a small amount is effective; (3) safety is high, it is harmless to human body, no stimulation, no allergy and so on; (4) it has good compatibility performance, easy to use, will not reduce efficacy due to acid, alkali or other ingredients; (5) solubility, The dispersity is excellent without affecting the basic performance and color of the product. (6) the environmental compatibility is good, it will not cause pollution and easy biodegradation; (7) the price is low. However, there are some problems in the use of leather fungicides at present. For example, the single component bactericidal spectrum is narrow, the dosage is large, and the cost is high. Environmental impact is also greater. Wu Weijun and so on, aiming at the defects of the commercial products, developed a certain type of aerosol type leather care agent. It has no water cut, has outstanding mould proof effect, and is easy to clean up. It is an ideal leather nursing antibacterial agent, and develops a new dosage form of mould inhibitor. It has the advantages of convenient use, mildew proof and high efficiency, good compatibility and small irritation. Combining with the advantages of foreign leather mould inhibitor, Wen Wu has developed a leather mould inhibitor No. 3, which is composed of 2 thiocyanomethyl benzothiazoles, which is efficient, broad-spectrum and low toxic. It is a popular emulsion type. It has good dispersibility and permeability, and does not contain pentachlorophenol sodium or naphthol. Apart from mildew resistance, there are few studies on other antibacterial properties of leather. But with the improvement of people's living standard, leather products are not.