Foreign Trade No Longer "Physical" But Spell Technology.

In 2014, facing the complex and severe foreign trade situation, China's foreign trade has achieved steady growth. According to the US dollar, our import and export growth in 2014 was 3.4%, and the export growth was 6.1%. If some factors are excluded, the growth rate of China's imports and exports will exceed the expected target of the beginning of last year, which is higher than that of the world's major economies and major emerging developing countries. Our share in the global market is steadily rising, and is expected to continue to maintain the status of the world's largest commodity trading power.

While the steady growth of foreign trade, the quality and efficiency of foreign trade have been significantly improved. In the past 20 years, general trade has accounted for more than half of the total. Private enterprises have increased their share in foreign trade. The contribution of the central and western regions to foreign trade is basically the same as that in the eastern region. The contribution of foreign trade to the national economy has been further enhanced. We need to point out that in 2014, the growth rate of our country's imports slowed down, and that of the whole year increased by 0.4%, the lowest growth rate in recent years. The slowdown in imports will directly affect the growth rate of imports and exports of the whole country in 2014. We analyze that the main reason for the slowdown in imports is the decline in commodity prices, because the number of imports of commodities has not decreased.

At present, China's foreign trade has entered a new normal. From the reform and opening up to the outbreak of the financial crisis, China's foreign trade has achieved rapid growth in the past 30 years, which is mainly due to the five driving factors: the prosperity of the world economic cycle, the acceleration of international industrial transfer, the liberalization and facilitation of Global trade and investment, the comparative advantages of China's low cost elements, and the entry and exit of WTO, which has greatly improved the internal and external development environment and policy environment of China's foreign trade development.

Trade protectionism continues to heat up. Our country has been the most frequently encountered trade frictions for 19 years in a row. The products involved extend from traditional industries to new industries, and the point of dispute is from the original legal level. Policy system Level extension. Our economic and trade relations with foreign trade are more complicated. along with Economics Sustained growth, China's labor, land and resources production factor costs have increased, the environmental carrying capacity has reached or near the upper limit, and the advantage of low cost manufacturing has obviously weakened. The Fed said that the real wage gap between China and the US manufacturing industry contracted from 17 US dollars in 2006 to US $7 in 2015, reflecting the rising trend of labor costs in China.

The rapid growth of foreign trade has obviously slowed down. financial crisis In the first 30 years, China's foreign trade imports and exports increased by 18.1% annually, and dropped to 10.2% in the past 5 years. From the perspective of competitive advantage, China's foreign trade mainly concentrated in scale, price, physical strength and sweat in the past. Now the advantages of low cost are difficult to continue, and quality, service, technology and brand must be spelled together. The production of workshop and factory enterprises is becoming increasingly difficult, and the competitive advantage of marketing enterprises is obvious. In the past, foreign trade mainly depended on general trade and processing trade. Now, general trade has maintained overall growth, but processing trade has weakened significantly.

From the perspective of economic and trade environment, our country was a spectator and follower of international rules in the past. Now we must be participants and leaders. We must be good at building a stable and predictable environment for our enterprises through the construction of free trade zones, enhance our international competitiveness, issue more Chinese voices in International rules making, and inject more Chinese elements to safeguard and expand our development interests.

Next, the general idea of foreign trade policy is to do everything possible to achieve steady growth, unswervingly adjust the structure, take the initiative to adapt to the new normal, and strive to lead the new normal. In 2015, the domestic and international situation of China's foreign trade development is still complex, and the world economy is still in the adjustment period after the financial crisis. The downward pressure on China's economy still exists, and domestic investment and economic growth will slow down, which will further inhibit the growth of imports.