The Opportunity And Confusion Of "World Factory"

2016 is the beginning of the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way. It is also the year of tackling structural reform.

Recently, journalists went to the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta cities to conduct in-depth interviews to explore how to adapt to the new normal and promote pformation and upgrading under the pressure of economic downfall.

On the 22 day, the column of "steady growth and adjustment of structure and pfer mode" will show the new highlights, new vitality and new kinetic energy of China's economic growth through a comprehensive perspective and vivid and vivid strokes.

Dongguan: from "world factory" to "manufacturing famous city"

In March 17th, the Humen port of Dongguan city in Guangdong province was busy, and containers came in and out, exchanging goods from south to north.

For many years, the port of Humen has been quietly guarding the Pearl River Estuary, witnessing the change of Dongguan.

Change began with reform and opening up.

Dongguan has changed from a typical agricultural county to a prefecture level city. Under the pull of the export-oriented economy, the local economy has been developing rapidly, once known as the "world factory".

Where did the change go? In 2015, Dongguan clearly put forward the goal of urban development -- "building an international manufacturing city and a modern ecological city".

In 2015, the gross domestic product of Dongguan was 627 billion 506 million yuan, an increase of 8% over the same period last year.

In 2015, Dongguan received more than 300 batches of research and interviews from the central, provincial, city and overseas organizations and media.

Focusing on this, people have a common question: how does Dongguan's prefecture level city in the Pearl River Delta create one percent of the gross national product in 3/10000 of the land area and become the fifth largest foreign trade city in China?

The opportunity and confusion of "world factory"

In September 1978, a Taiping handbag factory of a Hong Kong funded enterprise built a factory in Dongguan and became the first "three to one supplement" enterprise in the country. This marks the beginning of Dongguan's rural industrialization.

With the growth of Dongguan's processing trade, people once described the important position of Dongguan's manufacturing industry with "Dongguan traffic jam and global shortage", which laid a solid foundation for the development of Dongguan's manufacturing industry.

"Over the past 30 years, Dongguan has implemented an outward oriented strategy, and has gone out of a road of development driven by economic internationalization to promote industrialization and urbanization in rural areas."

Dongguan municipal Party committee secretary Xu Jianhua introduced, but in recent years, due to the long-term rapid development of the accumulated deep contradictions, coupled with the impact of the international financial crisis, and the development of China's economic development into a new normal, Dongguan has encountered "growth troubles", facing the "double extrusion."

On the one hand, labor costs and land costs have risen, and Guangdong has no competitive advantage over the surrounding countries and regions.

On the other hand, the traditional autonomous technology is not enough, at the high-end.

Guangdong is also unable to compete with developed countries such as Europe and the United States.

Dongguan's GDP growth slowed to 1.3% in the first quarter of 2012.

At the same time, "

Rumors of "divestment boom" are rampant.

According to media reports, in the industrial area of Chi Ling, Houjie Town, Dongguan, a shoemaking factory with 18 thousand workers has only sporadic personnel and vehicle activities.

According to statistics, in 2015, the proportion of import and export processing enterprises in Dongguan decreased from 25.2% at the end of 2010 to 3.5%, the proportion of processing trade decreased from 84.8% in 2010 to 60%, and the traditional manufacturing industry dropped from 22.9% in 2010 to 18.8%.

It can be seen that Dongguan's processing trade has indeed dropped sharply.

"In the face of double squeeze, Guangdong can only go up."

Hu Chunhua, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the Guangdong provincial Party committee, said so at the two sessions this year.

Dongguan's way of adjusting structure and pferring mode

"Going up and going is about pformation and upgrading."

Luo Yongfeng, deputy director of the Dongguan Municipal Political Research Office, said that the pformation from "world factory" to "manufacturing famous city" is from raw materials processing, production workshop type to innovation driven type.

The pformation of production is a pformation and upgrading of the industrial chain which pays more attention to brand, technology and reputation.

At the beginning of the pformation, some enterprises were confused because they could not find a way out, and still hoped to maintain the old situation through the way of processing trade.

But the government and most enterprises have long realized that innovation is the only way out.

Ye Baohua, director of the Dongguan Municipal Development and Reform Bureau, said: "Dongguan is realizing a shift from factor driven to innovation driven."

Innovation is the first driving force for development.

Dongguan Guangdong OPP Mobile Communications Limited will save 400 people in a workshop after smart devices are used.

Intelligent equipment has greatly improved production efficiency, and also made workers out of high-risk jobs.

In recent years, opper has increased investment in research and innovation, and the R & D team has 4000 people, accounting for 1/5 of the total number of companies, which is a microcosm of Dongguan's intelligent manufacturing.

In 2015, the world's smart phone shipments were 1 billion 293 million, and Dongguan accounted for nearly 20% of the world's 242 million shipments.

Innovation comes from deepening reform and trial first.

The country's first comprehensive reform of the commercial system is the first in the country to build the "three mutual" customs clearance mode of "land, water and network" Trinity, so as to realize information exchange, mutual recognition of supervision and mutual aid between law enforcement departments and departments.

A series of measures to deepen reform have fully released the vitality of enterprises and created a convenient business environment. The market players in Dongguan are currently breaking through 700 thousand households.

From 2012 to 2015, Dongguan has cancelled, suspended, exempted and reduced more than 100 administrative charges, reducing the burden of enterprises by about 3000000000 Yuan.

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Innovation is for a long time.

"Structural adjustment and dynamic pformation are a process. We must not give up because of difficulties. We must not be proud of our achievements."

Xu Jianhua said.

Facing the future of manufacturing industry, Dongguan has issued the opinions on implementing the strategy of "Dongguan manufacturing 2025" and "opinions on vigorously developing the robot intelligent equipment industry to build an advanced manufacturing base with global influence".

Focusing on the development of manufacturing industry, the government led and set up a good environment for innovation in Dongguan.

From 2014 to 2016, the Dongguan municipal government budgeted 200 million yuan for three consecutive years, and funded enterprises to make use of advanced automation equipment for technological pformation.

Through steady growth, structural adjustment and pformation, Dongguan's economy grew by an average annual growth rate of 7.93% during the "12th Five-Year" period.

Look to the future and move towards "international manufacturing city".

A man of equal desire wins.

With the comprehensive implementation of the "China made 2025" program of action and the action plan for tackling Guangdong's industrial pformation and upgrading in the past three years, Dongguan's industrial growth has further stabilized and its quality and efficiency have been continuously improved.

During the "12th Five-Year" period, Dongguan's per capita GDP increased to five levels in five years, and per capita GDP in 2015 reached 12000 yuan, reaching the level of moderately developed countries.

Changing the cage and changing birds -- behind the rumors of enterprises' "collapse tide" and the "withdrawal tide" of foreign capital are the process of optimizing the market structure.

"The exit of low-end manufacturing industry is the inevitable result of market structure optimization, enterprise structure optimization, investment structure optimization and market survival."

Xu Jianhua pointed out that while Dongguan has made some achievements in its pformation mode, structural adjustment and steady growth, it must also face problems and shortcomings directly.

For example, the overall quality of enterprises is low, and the ability to innovate is weak. The situation has not yet been changed, and there are not enough competitive industries and big projects that can support future development.

How to solve problems? The answer is respect for laws, respect for enterprises and respect for talents.

In order to catch the "nose" of high-tech enterprises, Dongguan city arranges 2 billion yuan of technology Dongguan fund and 1 billion yuan of talent Dongguan fund each year, and focuses on building a regional innovation system with the Songshan Lake high tech Zone as the leader and the university innovation city as the core.

The implementation of high-tech enterprises' "seedling raising and afforestation" action and the incubator "nesting and breeding Phoenix" plan.

Today, dozens of scientific research teams from the Dongguan municipal government, the Guangdong provincial science and technology department and the Huazhong University of Science and Technology Manufacturing Engineering Research Institute jointly built by Professor Li Zexiang of Hong Kong University Science & Technology are becoming the "technological innovation engine" of Dongguan's pformation and upgrading.

It is reported that Humen port is planning to rename the "Dongguan port" according to the same name of the international port city.

Goods from south to North will tell the world that China has an international manufacturing city called Dongguan.

Data show that the industrial added value of above scale industries in Dongguan increased from 170 billion 800 million yuan in 2010 to 271 billion 100 million yuan in 2015, a cumulative increase of 44.8%; the total import and export volume exceeded 1 trillion yuan; in 2015, the proportion of foreign-funded enterprises accounted for 59.4% of foreign-funded enterprises rose from 90.4% in 2010 to 90.4%; in 2015, the proportion of GDP in services increased to 53.4%, becoming the largest city in Guangdong's service sector; in the 5 years, the number of high-tech enterprises increased from 334 to 986.

Facing the outside doubt, Dongguan people are giving their answers.