Six Functions Of Outdoor Sportswear Fabrics

outdoors

Although there is no essential difference between fabric and household clothing, the requirements for clothing are relatively strict and harsh because of the two characteristics of outdoor and sports.

It is hard to avoid heat and fog in the field.

It has a certain waterproof performance. Outdoor sports hope to lighten the load as much as possible. The clothing should be as light as possible. The outdoor wind is big, the mountain is cold, the wind protection and heat preservation performance is high, and the outdoor washing conditions are limited.

The antibacterial, odorant and anti fouling requirements are high.

Rock climbing in the field.

Good resistance to tensile and tear resistance is required.

These performance requirements are very stringent from the point of view of textile technology, and even many indicators are inconsistent.

Any single natural or chemical fiber can not meet these requirements, and can only achieve these functions through the combination of multiple fibers and multi-channel chemical finishing.

1. Warmth retention:

Although warmth is closely related to fabric thickness, outdoor sports are not allowed.

Too thick, so it is necessary to keep warm and light.

Special requirements.

The most common method is to add special chromium oxide, Magnesium Oxide, zirconia and other special ceramic powders in the spinning fluid of polyester and other synthetic fibers, especially nano scale ceramic powders. It can absorb visible light such as sunlight and convert it into heat energy, and also reflect the far-infrared rays emitted by the body itself, so it has excellent thermal insulation and heat storage performance.

Of course, far-infrared ceramic powders, adhesives and crosslinking agents can also be made into finishing agents, and the fabrics can be treated by coating, and then dried and baked, so that nano ceramic powder can be attached to the fabric surface and yarns.

This kind of finishing agent emits far infrared rays with a wavelength of 8~14 m, and also has the functions of bacteriostasis, deodorization, and promoting blood circulation.

In addition, according to the principle of bionics, the structure of polar bear hair is used to make hollow fibers inside the polyester fiber, so that a large amount of air is not contained in the fiber, and the outer spiral winding is used to maintain the fluffiness. It can play a good role in keeping the temperature under the premise of ensuring the lightness of the texture.

Of course.

Even the fabric is made of double or even three layers, which makes the flow of air layer increase. It is also one of the most traditional thermal insulation measures.

2, waterproof and moisture permeability:

Sports will emit a lot of sweat, and outdoor will inevitably encounter wind and rain, which is a contradiction in itself: it must be able to prevent rain and snow soaking, but also timely release the sweat emitted from the body.

Fortunately, the human body emits a single molecule of water vapor, while rain and snow are concentrated liquid droplets, which are far apart in size.

In addition, the liquid water has a property called surface tension, that is to gather its own volume characteristics. The water we see on lotus leaves is granular water droplets rather than paved water stains. This is because the surface of lotus leaves has a waxy hairy tissue, and water droplets can not diffuse and permeate on the waxy hair on the surface due to surface tension.

If you dissolve a drop of detergent or detergent into the water, the detergent will greatly reduce the surface tension of the liquid, and the water droplet will immediately disintegrate and spread on the lotus leaf.

Waterproof and moisture permeability

It is the use of the surface tension characteristics of the water to coat the fabric with a layer of PTFE (chemical coating with the same chemical structure and different physical structure) of the "king of corrosion resistant fibers" and the different physical structure of the fabric to enhance the surface tension of the fabric, so that the water droplets can be tightened up as much as possible, and can not disperse and infiltrate the fabric surface, so that the pores of the fabric can not penetrate through the fabric. "PTFE"

At the same time, the coating is porous, and the vapour of single molecule can be pported to the surface of the fabric smoothly through the capillary channel between the fibers.

After a larger amount of exercise, if you stop in the field to rest, it is possible to form drops of water in the inner layer of the garment because of the low temperature and the sweat can not escape in time. This gives people a very uncomfortable feeling. This is the so-called "condensation" phenomenon.

There is a special moisture permeation finishing process called low condensation. It uses polyurethane (PU) and hydrophilic nano ceramic powder to finish the fabric finishing. It can absorb excessive sweat and sweat when the body evaporates sweat heavily, thereby avoiding it.

The phenomenon that water vapor exceeds saturated vapor pressure and becomes water droplet.

In addition to thinking of fibers and coatings, moisture and sweat can also be achieved as far as possible.

For example, the use of double-layer structure, the inner layer of the body with hydrophobic fibers, and the outer layer of hydrophilic fibers, so sweat can rely on capillary action, from the skin to the inner layer of fiber, and because the outer layer of hydrophilic fiber and water molecules binding force is stronger than the internal hydrophobic fiber, water molecules again from the fabric's inner layer to the outer layer, and finally to the atmosphere.

3, antibacterial and deodorant:

Sweat and sebaceous glands are secreted by sports.

And outdoor conditions are not likely to change clothes frequently. In suitable temperature and humidity environment, microbes also multiply, resulting in an indecent smell and itch.

So formal outdoors.

They are chemically treated with antibacterial and deodorant.

The way of finishing is to immobilize the organic quaternary amines, imidazoline surfactants or silver and copper heavy metal ions which have bactericidal effect on the fibers through resin and chain crosslinking agent, so that they have certain washability.

Of course, an important principle of choosing fungicides must be non-toxic or low toxic, otherwise it will be the end of the matter.

In recent years, Japan has made many explorations in the research of natural antibacterial finishing agents, such as aloe, Artemisia argyi, eucalyptus leaves, rose and other fungicidal aromatic oil extracts, which are coated in porous organic microcapsules or porous ceramic powders, and are attached to fabrics, and are cross-linked with resin. The bactericides are released slowly through mechanical action such as friction and backlog to achieve the purpose of durable antibacterial finishing.

This kind of natural antimicrobial agent is not only non-toxic, but also has certain health functions. It should be the development direction of antibacterial finishing.

However, because of the limited means of fixing antibacterial agents, the washing resistance of antibacterial agents is not good enough, and the antibacterial properties of each antibacterial agent decrease a few times, usually disappear after a few dozen times.

The United States Dow Corning AEGIS anti mold antibacterial agent uses molecular bonding to evenly distribute eighteen long carbon chains on the surface of the fabric and combine with the fabric fibers. After that, it relies on physical action to sterilize, and is different from other chemical sterilization, so as to achieve permanent antibacterial effect.

4, antifouling and easy detergency:

Outdoor sports often walk in the muddy wet mountain forests, clothes to wipe dirty is inevitable, this requires.

As far as possible, it is not easy to stain stains, and once it is stained, it is easy to wash and remove.

Changing the surface properties of the fibers greatly improves the surface tension of the fabric, so that oil stains and other stains are difficult to penetrate into the fabric. Minor stains can be removed by wet cloth and the heavier stains are easy to clean.

Antifouling finishing not only can prevent oil pollution, but also has waterproof and moisture permeable properties. It is commonly known as "three proofing finishing" (water repellent, oil repellent, anti fouling). It is a more practical and effective advanced chemical finishing method.

The outer layer and knapsack, shoes, tent fabric finishing.

5. Antistatic and radiation protection finishing.

Mountaineering is the core of outdoor sports. In addition to the original dense forest, the alpine plateau with an altitude of 3000 meters or more is characterized by low air pressure, easy evaporation of water, and relatively dry environment.

Basically, they are made of chemical fiber fabrics, so the electrostatic problem is more prominent.

The harm of static electricity is generally shown in that clothes are easy to pilling, easy to be stained with dirt and dirt, close to skin, electric shock and sticky feeling.

If we carry sophisticated electronic instruments such as electronic compass, altitude meter, GPS navigator and so on, we may be disturbed by the static electricity of clothing, resulting in errors and serious consequences.

Any object may cause static electricity by rubbing each other, but only the dry insulating object will accumulate static electricity and cause harm.

Therefore, the best antistatic fabric is naturally made of natural fibers. But as mentioned before, pure natural fibers are not suitable for outdoor sports, and even natural fibers produce electrostatic phenomena due to lack of water molecules in very dry environments.

There are two main ways of antistatic finishing of fabrics: one is to weave metal wires into fabric and make conductive fabrics (also electromagnetic shielding fabrics and radiation resistant fabrics).

But this fabric is not suitable.

The use is mainly soft and not comfortable enough.

Another way is to use block polyether, polyacrylate and other antistatic agents which have hygroscopic effect. They can coat the surface of the fabric with a layer of chemical film that can adsorb water molecules, so that a continuous conductive water film will form on the surface of the fabric, and the electrostatic conduction will dissipate.

Because of the relative thinning of the atmosphere in high altitude area, the barrier effect of ultraviolet radiation is greatly reduced, and the intensity of ultraviolet radiation is much higher than that in low altitude areas.

Ultraviolet radiation can effectively promote the generation of vitamins, which has bactericidal effect. However, too strong irradiation can cause harm to human skin.

Ultraviolet radiation has a strong penetrating power, and the general fabric can not completely shield its exposure.

Nano level inorganic titanium dioxide (TiO2), nano Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and other UV shielding agents and organic salicylic acid, cyanoacrylate, two benzophenone, benzo three azole and other UV absorbers, using resin crosslinking method fixed on the fabric, it can play a certain role in radiation protection.

It can be said, outdoors.

It represents the latest frontier technology in the development of textile science, which is also an important reason for a seemingly unremarkable mountaineering suit, hundreds of thousands or thousands of yuan (and of course, brand value and functional style).

Although the price is not low, it is a professional outdoor with a combination of windproof, breathable, moisture-proof, heat preservation and radiation protection functions.

For a mountaineer, it may sometimes have the same meaning as life. However, due to the diversity, complexity and unpredictability of outdoor sports, there may be many different requirements for the function of clothing because of the different environment and the way of movement. Therefore, for the current science and technology, outdoor activities are very different.

The overall performance is still difficult to be perfect.