[Culture] Every Textile Person Should Know The History Of Textile.

In the struggle of conquering nature, our working people have made great contributions to the material civilization of mankind, and the textile industry is also one of them. A number of textile relics discovered by archaeologists in China are the best witnesses of the history of civilization and diligence and bravery of the Chinese nation. People have already used bone needles to draw wires to sew animal skins to resist the cold; and, as from the earliest kob remnants that have been unearthed, our ancestors began to use GE fibers to weave clothing for the Neolithic age five thousand or six thousand years ago. As the half cut cocoons found in Neolithic sites and the silk fabrics 4700 years ago, our ancestors had been able to use silkworm silk for weaving and reached a considerable level (the density of longitude and latitude was 480 /10cm). In this Neolithic age, our ancestors also began to make woolen cloth and woolen blankets for clothing and cold protection. As early as 50 thousand years ago, the peak hole. Only from these examples can we explain that China's textile industry has a long history, no matter from weaving material or weaving technology.

With the development of society, textile production technology and product quality have been continuously improved and developed in the practice of human and nature struggle. Ramie textile has been widely used in the Shang and Zhou dynasties in the slave society. In the Book of Songs, there is a "East Gate pool, which can retting ramie". From the bronze and bronze traces on the Yin Ruins, the tattoo and the traces of silk fabrics on the bronze Tomahawk show that jacquard technology has been applied in the Shang Dynasty.

In the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, warp brocade technology had become popular. Among the cultural relics unearthed from Chu Tomb of the Warring States period, there were more complicated patterns of dragon and phoenix pattern brocade.

More than 2100 years ago, in the tomb 1 of Mawangdui, the velvet ring brocade (the predecessor of the Chinese fleece and velvet) was also found. The fabric was woven with a jacquard machine to control tens of thousands of warp yarns. In addition, a single plain 49G yarn was found in the tomb, with a mass of only more than 10 grams per unit area. All these indicate that the weaving technology of our country has reached a high level very early.

In weaving tools, the weaving machine was widely used in the Shang Dynasty (the operator was sitting on the ground or weaving on the bamboo bed). The foot looms appeared in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. In the last years of the Western Han Dynasty, the weaving tools had been greatly improved. The wife of the working people Chen Baoguang improved the jacquard method, improved the quality of the silk fabric and saved the working hours. During the early years of Huang Wei Emperor Huang (220~226 AD), Ma Jun further simplified the flower jacquard machine into twelve ensemble and twelve steps, which contributed to the weaving technology of silk fabrics. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, not only did we create the velvet with gorgeous colors and tough texture, but also the brocade brocade reached a very high level. In the Ching Ming era, innovator Huang Daopo made a great contribution to the improvement and popularization of cotton textile technology, making Songjiang the largest cotton textile center at that time. The cultural relics unearthed from Beijing's tomb indicate that the fabric of Ming Shen Zong is exquisite, with many patterns, especially tapestry and double faced cashmere.

China's textiles, especially silk goods, enjoy a high reputation all over the world. As far back as the five or six century BC, China's textiles spread to Western Asia and Eastern Europe. Qin Shihuang went to the Yellow Sea to teach in Japan. Woven silk Technology. At the time of Emperor Han Wu (119 B.C.), Zhang Qian made a large number of silk fabrics in the western region for the second time, facilitated the technical exchange between Chinese and foreign silk fabrics, and re opened the Silk Road, so that China's silk fabrics were exported to the West. The output of textiles reached a climax in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and exported many high quality silk fabrics, such as brocade, silk and jade, and various silk fabrics with exquisite printing and dyeing. cotton And other textiles. In the twenty-four years of Qing Jiaqing (AD 1819), there were about 3300000 pieces of Nanjing cloth exported from Guangzhou to Europe and America (Songjiang cotton cloth and purple cloth in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces).

In 1840s, China's textile industry began to use machine production, but because of the decay of the Qing Dynasty and the invasion of imperialist economy, the development was extremely slow. At that time, although the construction of "Gansu weaving bureau", "Shanghai machinery layout" and other enterprises, but not large, and are controlled in the hands of feudal bureaucrats. After the Sino Japanese War of 1894 (1895), imperialist countries such as Britain, the United States, Germany, Japan and so on set up textile factories in China. According to statistics, before the first World War, foreign capital in the textile industry exceeded domestic capital. Therefore, China's modern machine and textile industry was controlled and monopolized by feudal bureaucrats and imperialists at the very beginning.

After the victory of the war of resistance against Japan (1945), Japanese imperialists in China's textile and dyeing factories were all received by four families. The Chinese textile construction company was set up as a bureaucratic Monopoly Institution to control the national textile industry by the KMT reactionary government, and China's textile industry has been in a new predicament. As far as cotton textile industry is concerned, the eve of liberation is only 5 million of the whole country. Spindle Less than 70 thousand tablecloths.