Transformation Bottleneck: Quanzhou Shoe Leather Industry Development

　　 The general view must be considered retrogression. To live and work in peace and contentment is the ultimate goal. Survival problem 。

But I think this is an improvement. If we do not attach importance to the problem of survival and do not solve the problem of survival as soon as possible, the so-called ultimate goal is just like the moon in the air, just a mirage.

If there is no environmental protection, it will be meaningless for the ordinary people to earn more money. Either forced to leave home, or "man is in heaven, money is in the bank".

Pollution control, no matter what the government is, is a consensus. Solving the problem of livability is also the most urgent task at this stage.

Whether it is forced by the current situation of energy saving and emission reduction or the necessary choice for the survival of the industry, "environmental protection" is destined to become the largest in Quanzhou this year. Traditional industries The hottest topic. After going through countless games of cat and mouse with environmental protection officials, Quanzhou bosses gradually realized that the way of destroying the living environment was suicide development. They had intensified their efforts to control pollution and boldly applied new technologies. new product 。 Environmental protection is an eternal topic. There is no best but better.

The reason is simple and the interests are attractive.

Although the tannery can not directly discharge sewage to the local streams, up to now, the downstream of Mu River (near Anhai bridge head to the sea exit) is still known as "Heilongjiang": the stream is black and shiny, and the smell is bad. For tens of thousands of residents in the lower reaches of the country, the damage to their lives caused by the tannery industry will remain for a long time: groundwater is seriously polluted, and cancer is still threatening downstream residents.

Leather industry is one of the traditional advantageous industries in Quanzhou, but it is also a big headache for all walks of life. Stop production, rectify and restore production and catch the "wolf coming" that is illegal and stop production has been recurring in the past few years. In the final analysis, there are still some leather enterprises who are lucky to deal with pollution. "Pollution control is like the birth stage of pregnant women. Pain is temporary and inevitable." Wang Kaiming, director of the development and research center of the former Fujian Provincial People's government, who has been concerned about the development of Jinjiang for many years, likened, "if this stage is not handled well, it may be aborted." The consequence is not only the bankruptcy of several or some enterprises losing competitiveness in the international shock, but also will make Quanzhou face the double destruction of enterprise bankruptcy and the extremely worsening ecological environment.

The reason is simple, but the immediate interest is realistic and tempting. In October last year, the provincial environmental protection department found that 92 of the 109 tanning enterprises in the province had pollution problems, which directly threatened the safety of water sources. Therefore, a "environmental protection storm" for leather industry is being launched. An urgent notice of "limited production" has been put into practice, so that the leather enterprises in the whole province are in panic and suffer the most painful "black October" in history. More than 90% of leather enterprises in the province have been ordered to shut down, suspend production or deadline for rectification. At that time, many leather enterprises even believed that their doomsday had arrived.

Provincial leaders personally asked, Fujian economic and Trade Commission soon issued an ultimatum to the leather industry in the whole province: to promote the implementation of new technology, new technology and new equipment of "five water diverting and separating" in leather enterprises in the whole province; in 2011, the total amount of pollutants discharged from leather industry in the whole province decreased by 10% compared with 2008, in 2012, 20% in 2008 than in 2008, and 30% in 2015 than in 2008. The most important thing is that by 2015, the scale of production of all leather enterprises must be above 300 thousand mark / year, otherwise it will be closed. In addition, the ultimatum also strictly controls the total amount of sewage and the amount of water discharged. This also means that enterprises want to expand their production capacity, and must build on the basis of not increasing the amount of sewage and drainage. Therefore, "increasing production without increasing pollution" has become the consensus of all leather enterprises.

Pollution-free industries, only polluting technologies.

The tannery industry has survived the storm of environmental protection. The reason is that the industry is an essential part of the footwear industry chain in Quanzhou. Now that they are allowed to survive, the government and enterprises must think and look for the way out for green regeneration in the leather industry. Against this background, some leading enterprises are being promoted as "benchmarking" because of the relatively advanced pollution control technology.

In October 19th, the provincial leather industry pollution prevention and elimination of backward production capacity on-site work will be held in Jinjiang. The word "five water diversion" is the most widely cited phrase by the relevant leaders of the provincial Economic Commission and the provincial environmental protection department and the experts and scholars. All leather enterprises, regardless of their size, are required to implement "five water diversion and division" by 2010. At present, most of the 81 leather leather enterprises that have survived in the greater Quanzhou region have been forced to complete the technological transformation.

On the same day, in the sewage treatment workshop of Xingye leather company in Jinjiang, the industrial wastewater with a pungent odor was released. After being processed by advanced environmental protection technology, it became clear. Wu Huachun, chairman of the company, drank two mouths in the face of hundreds of provincial leather bosses and environmental officials. "Pollution-free industries, only polluting technologies." He said proudly.

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What is "five water diversion"? It means that five different sources and different components of chrome tanning water, ash water, rainwater, domestic sewage and comprehensive waste water are separated and collected by five channel channels in the whole process of leather production. The five water pipelines are used to separate the five water into different regions, and separate treatment and recycling, so as to achieve double effects of reducing pollution and increasing efficiency. 。 The "five water diversion" is the first research and refinement of the leather industry in Jinjiang and has been extended to the whole province. According to Chen Dongsheng, deputy director of Jinjiang Environmental Protection Bureau, before the site meeting, the first reason to organize leather traders from all over the province to visit Xingye leather is because the "five water diverting and separating" technology is the benchmark of Xingye leather. This is probably a rare bright spot in Quanzhou's leather industry in recent years.

Crisis and opportunity always coexist. Quanzhou has been the "worst hit area" of all previous environmental storms. Since last year's "black October", only a year has passed since the leather enterprises in Quanzhou invested hundreds of millions of dollars in pollution prevention and clean technology transformation. Today, the leather industry in Quanzhou has been transformed from passive rectification to conscious governance, and has achieved a qualitative upgrading in cleaner production technology and industrial structure transformation.

"This year, for our leather enterprises, it is not a sacrifice, but a promotion. Environmental protection is not cost, but investment and efficiency. Sun Huiyue, President of Xingye leather company, told reporters that as a leading leather enterprise in China, Xingye leather successfully developed a set of clean production and microbiological treatment technology through independent innovation. What is even more exciting is that the company began to taste the sweetness of recycling economy. After the new technology was used to recycle the waste water, the sewage treatment cost per ton was reduced from around 7 yuan to about 5 yuan, and the output value of the enterprise not only decreased but increased steadily, which is expected to exceed 1 billion yuan this year.

Xu Yongcheng is the head of the Jinjiang Kemu TDC Control Council and the head of the leather manufacturing and pollution control company. Ever since the establishment of the pollution control company, which was responsible for the collective pollution control work of 63 leather factories in October 16, 2001, Xu has been busy every day, and is busy with the salvation cause of the leather industry.

As a matter of fact, his work has not changed for ten years: he keeps on dealing with environmental officials, explains and mobilizes the local leather bosses, and talks with technicians to overcome technical problems. After several rounds of production and shutdown storms, 63 leather factories have resumed production, but Xu Yongcheng's worries and pressures have not diminished. "Environmental protection is an endless task for the leather industry." In his view, it is either a thorough election or a shutdown. This is a "single choice problem" and has to be chosen. After all, enterprises should also talk about conscience, and the most important thing is survival.

"Quanzhou leather industry achieves pollutant discharge through source control and terminal treatment, and achieves a preliminary victory through industrial upgrading and transformation to achieve win-win economic and environmental protection." However, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and Shi Bi, a leather tanning expert, affirmed the effect of the leather industry in Quanzhou, and warned that the road to pollution control still has a long way to go. In this regard, Mu min Chang tanning Co., Ltd. small boss Xu Yongkun also deeply touched. "Compared with international counterparts, our pollution control is far from enough." He told reporters about a personal experience: last year, he could go to Italy to inspect several leather owners, and found that the stream beside the leather enterprise is very clear and fish can be seen.

The game process between corporate social responsibility and personal interests

People who have been in shoe factories know that there is always a pungent smell in sports shoes, which is the remnants of glue. Footwear molding is done mainly by adhesives. The traditional oil-based adhesives are highly volatile. Each year, about one hundred thousand tons of organic solvents are directly discharged into the atmosphere without any treatment, which harms the natural ecological environment. At the same time, organic solvents can cause occupational diseases through direct inhalation of respiratory system and skin penetration, which seriously affect the health of shoemaking workers.

How to create environmentally friendly working environment for shoemaking workers from the perspective of innovating environmentally-friendly materials, and at the same time, cleaning up the international green barriers and increasing the added value of single products for enterprises has become a major topic that Quanzhou shoe industry has been trying to break through for many years. When he was dancing with the world's chemical giants, Ding Zongyin, the boss of the group, had long known that the European and American footwear industry's "non-toxic, low carbon, zero emission, low-cost" water-based adhesive was considered to be the formula to solve the above problems at the same time.

"The promotion and use of water-based adhesive not only increases the added value of the products of the footwear industry in Quanzhou, keeps workers, but also eliminates international trade barriers, and the three effects will explode a shoe material innovation in Quanzhou shoe industry." Zhao Baowei, a well-known domestic shoe adhesive technology expert, believes that from oil-based glue to water-based adhesive, it involves many differences in process technology, workers' operation habits, and even the danger of short-term order loss. Many enterprises are unwilling to make short-term sacrifice for this purpose. "The main focus is: in the short term, enterprises feel that the use of oil-based rubber is far cheaper than water-borne adhesive, and the technology is simple, and the government has not made mandatory use of the regulations. Therefore, the promotion of water-based adhesives is a game process of corporate environmental awareness, social responsibility and personal interests. Zhao Baowei said.

Over the past two years, the footwear industry has made great demands on new technologies and functions, and has also put forward new requirements for shoe manufacturers. There are signs that the shoe material industry in Quanzhou is undergoing an industrial revolution.

Zhang Wen, executive deputy general manager of Fujian Hongwei shoes and Plastic Co., Ltd., has to go to many multi level intellectual property institutions in the province every few days. The project he is worried about is the super wearable EVA shoe material project. The main purpose is to develop a kind of super wearable EVA shoe material by using polymer materials, and replace it with the EVA sole rubber middle sole which has been used for more than ten years.

　　 The pure EVA material is light but not wearable. The rubber is wearable, but the cost is high and it is hard to recycle. The leading project in China is newly developed by the second light Research Institute of Fujian Province, and is still in the pilot stage. But Zhang Wen can't wait for the project to apply for major technology projects in Quanzhou's "12th Five-Year" science and technology development plan, and is ready for mass production next year, but the total investment is 15 million yuan. "The quality of a pair of shoes is good, and the key is the sole. And whether the sole is good or not depends on wear resistance. Zhang Wende told reporters that new materials and new technologies are the life of shoes products. Many technical directors of the finished shoes brand have been booked, and some customers even try to try some products first.