"12Th Five-Year" Domestic Trade New Deal: Heavy Foreign Trade, Light Domestic Trade, Or Is Expected To Change

domestic Trade The development of the "12th Five-Year plan" framework is under discussion and revision, which has continued for many years. foreign trade The policy of "light domestic trade" and "heavy production and light circulation" is expected to be changed

With the global economic recovery slowing down, China's strong domestic demand is becoming more and more important. market Focus. According to the world bank's China Economic Quarterly released in November.

It is predicted that in the next two years, China's domestic consumption will increase by more than 8.5%, and domestic demand will contribute more than 8% to GDP growth.

The "12th Five-Year plan" proposal put forward that we should build a long-term mechanism to expand domestic demand and promote economic growth to rely on consumption, investment and export coordination. Consumption has become the leader of the "three carriages" of economic development.

In early November, the Ministry of Commerce convened the interim expert consultation meeting on the "12th Five-Year" planning framework for the development of domestic trade (hereinafter referred to as the "framework").

New orientation of domestic trade circulation

People familiar with the matter told the financial weekly magazine that the current framework is only a mid term discussion draft. There will be many modifications and improvements in the future, but some highlights can be seen from it.

In the guiding ideology of the domestic trade planning, the framework first appeared the expression of "forerunner, foundation and key role in strengthening the circulation of domestic trade in the development of national economy".

Circulation is an important part of the four elements of the national economy -- production, distribution, exchange and consumption. Circulation is the exchange. It plays the role of connecting production and consumption.

The circulation industry is the specific undertaker of domestic trade. It mainly includes wholesale, retail, accommodation and catering, logistics and distribution, and auction, pawn, leasing, exhibition and other production and life services.

Ding Junfa, vice president of China logistics and purchasing Federation, believes that the circulation industry has become a basic industry which is parallel to industry and agriculture. It is obvious that the circulation industry is the largest number of industries with the largest number of employment except agriculture, which accounts for more than 30% of the total number of employment in the third industry.

According to the data released by the Ministry of Commerce, the number of employed persons in the circulation sector reached 84 million 612 thousand in 2008, accounting for 10.9% of the total employed population in China.

Huang Guoxiong, a professor at the Business School of Renmin University of China, said that during the "12th Five-Year" period, solving the employment problem, especially the problem of large numbers of farmers going to cities for employment, will play an important role in the circulation industry, which is undoubtedly the basic industry of the national economy.

The fundamental role of the circulation industry lies in its pulling effect on the national economy. Hong Tao, Professor of economics at Beijing Technology and Business University. In the circulation industry, only the wholesale and retail industry, accommodation and catering industry, leasing and business services, residential services and other services four, the value added in 2007 accounted for 12.9% of the GDP, although the data after 2008 has not been released, but Hong Tao predicted that the current ratio of at least 13%, and the next five years will exceed 15%.

The circulation industry provides the consumption environment of the society. The market demand is reflected through the circulation, and what is produced by the demand, so the circulation industry plays a leading role in the national economy.

However, for a long time, the circulation of domestic trade has been ignored by governments at all levels. The idea of paying attention to industrial enterprises and despising the circulation of commercial enterprises is quite common.

This neglect causes many problems in the development of the current circulation industry: the high cost of circulation, the total cost of logistics in China in 2009 accounted for 18.1%, while that in developed countries was around 10%. The circulation efficiency was low, the turnover of capital in commercial circulation in China was 2~3 times, while in Japan it was 15~18 times, and the circulation speed was slow. In 2007, wholesale and retail enterprises accounted for 6.37% of the current sales volume, and the United States, Germany and Japan accounted for only 1.14%~1.29% in GDP.

The framework's recognition of the basic position of circulation industry in the national economy is expected to change the society's understanding of circulation industry, and promote the development of domestic trade circulation vigorously in the process of practice.

Lack of planning

In the framework of policies and measures for improving laws and regulations, the framework mentioned that the regulations on commercial outlets should be promulgated as soon as possible. The industry explains that the accelerated release of the long lost Ordinance will bring dawn to the formulation of unified and long-term development plan for the circulation industry.

Ding Junfa said that although the circulation industry is a key link to promote the normal operation of the national economy, there has never been a nationwide development plan for circulation industry in policy formulation.

There is no uniform and long-term plan for commodity market and factor market. There is a great blindness in the development of circulation industry, resulting in insufficient vitality of domestic trade circulation.

"Zhongguancun, Beijing (000931), less than a kilometer of the scope of the collection of Carrefour and WAL-MART two large supermarkets, there is also a Wumart supermarket and a super market." Li Yanchuan, President of Beijing super urban chain Limited by Share Ltd, told reporters in the finance and economics weekly that everyone is optimistic about the consumption power here, competing for stores, resulting in excessive competition, and every shop is "not enough to eat".

Also in Beijing, the Bei'an river area near the North six ring can not find a decent supermarket. The shopping of the residents is very inconvenient.

Li Yanchuan said that the core problem is the lack of urban commercial development planning. The government should set up a systematic planning of commercial outlets. If a business enterprise builds a store in a prosperous area, it should ask it to build a store in the remote community, or to subsidize the community that needs to be supported. This will change the imbalance of business development and the waste caused by vicious competition.

As early as 2004, the Ministry of Commerce drafted the "Regulations on the planning and administration of urban commercial networks" (Draft). In 2008, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council openly consulted the whole society on the revised draft. However, because the regulations across the national development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of construction, the Planning Commission and other departments, it is difficult to coordinate the interests of all parties, so it has not been promulgated. {page_break}

The framework clearly stated that the introduction of regulations as soon as possible will have a positive effect.

Liu Puhe, director of the China commercial circulation Productivity Promotion Center, told the "finance and economics weekly" that the business and service industry is not only a question of marketization, but also has the nature of public facilities in basic life. Because of the nature of enterprises' interest, they are willing to concentrate on the development of areas with large profit margins, so they can not rely entirely on the market. The government must have systematic planning and corresponding supporting policies.

The current imbalance in the development of the circulation system is not only reflected in the imbalance between the urban commerce and the community business and services, but also in the eastern and western regions, as well as the unbalanced development of the urban and rural market, Liu Puhe said.

He suggested that the government should, on the basis of reasonable planning, give the urban community, the central and western regions and rural areas circulation industry development with the necessary tax, land rent and financial support to promote the balanced development of the circulation system.

The framework involves part of the solution to the "imbalance" problem. It puts forward the goal of the "12th Five-Year" period, which is to enable the whole country to have a full coverage of the rural households, and the coverage rate of the administrative village level farmers reaches more than 90%. It also proposes to optimize the layout of domestic trade and focus on the construction of the market system of several major urban agglomerations in East, central and West.

Jing Linbo, deputy director of the finance and Trade Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told reporters that the current construction plan of the circulation system is important, but the problem of statistical caliber needs to be solved first. The State Statistics Department does not grasp the specific data of various formats in the circulation field, including the number, scale, distribution and practitioners of various enterprises.

"We have no knowledge of what we have, nor can we plan for the future." Jing Linbo said.

The framework also involves the contents of this part, and puts forward "reforming domestic trade statistics work, designing a new index system for domestic trade circulation and service statistics, bringing e-commerce development into statistical scope, and establishing a market information release system."

The difficulties of long supervision

Chang Xiao Cun, director of the market construction Department of the Ministry of Commerce, told the media at the beginning of the year that the domestic trade will be placed in a more important position in the "12th Five-Year plan", and that the spanformation of economic growth mode from "export dependent" to "two wheel driving development of internal and external needs" will become an important guideline for planning.

However, the current domestic trade area has always been the "Kowloon water control" pattern.

The Ministry of commerce is responsible for the majority of commodities; the State Development and Reform Commission and its state grain administration are responsible for the acquisition, storage, circulation and regulation of grain, cotton, edible oil and national strategic materials, and implement market price supervision and inspection; the Ministry of industry and the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, which is managed by the Ministry of industry and the State Administration, undertakes the management of salt industry and national reserve salt, and the monopoly management of tobacco production and circulation; the Ministry of agriculture is responsible for the circulation of crop seeds, participates in the market management of fertilizers and pesticides, and draws up the planning and implementation of agricultural products (000061) and the market system for agricultural means of production.

At the same time, the SAIC, AQSIQ, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of health go hand in hand.

No matter what the market is, regardless of the market, regardless of the price, or the means of production, regardless of the means of production. "The biggest problem is that there is no unified management in the domestic market." Huang Guoxiong said.

At the same time, the circulation cost is 90% of logistics cost, and logistics accounts for 95% of the circulation time. However, in terms of logistics and distribution, spanportation modes of highway, railway, port and airport are self-contained.

Yun min, managing director of Beijing deled logistics company, told reporters that when the goods were delivered to the airline or the railway, they fell into the "black hole". There was no uniform information platform to query the arrival time and status of the goods, which increased a lot of logistics costs.

Hong Tao believes that breaking through the division of departments is an urgent problem to be solved in 12th Five-Year, otherwise the domestic trade will not be able to shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted by history. He suggested that the government should establish a macro leading management department, coordinate and coordinate domestic trade management and establish a multisectoral joint conference system.

According to people familiar with the matter, the draft did not specifically deal with the issue of unified domestic trade regulation, but many experts at the meeting put forward amendments to this area. Experts believe that the focus of the framework is on implementation. Only when implemented, can we solve many problems existing in the current domestic trade circulation.