Robbing People! Survey Of Shortage Of Workers In Central And Western China: Lack Of Workers Stems From Lack Of Treatment

The shortage of migrant workers has hit again, but this time, the scope is even greater.

What is unprecedented is that along with the change of China's economic map, the "shortage of migrant workers" has swept the economically developed provinces in the East. Meanwhile, there has also been a shortage of migrant workers in the middle and western provinces of migrant workers.

According to the data provided by the China human resources market information monitoring center, the ratio of job vacancies and job seekers in 103 major cities nationwide rose sharply from 0.97 during the financial crisis to 0.97, close to the highest point in 2007 to 2008.

According to the statistics of the Anhui Provincial Department of human resources and social security, as of the end of 2010, there were more than 2300 enterprises with a total shortage of more than 50 workers in Anhui and 250 thousand workers in total. The Hubei labor and Employment Administration disclosed that the number of export of labour services in Hubei Province is expected to be reduced by 10% to 15% this year, and that the number of outbound personnel is at least 1 million, and that there are about 600 thousand workers in Hubei.

Is the ongoing battle between the East and the west labor force the imbalance or necessity of China's pformation of economic development mode, industrial structure adjustment and social and economic pformation?

Contemporary

Reporters went to Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui, Henan and other places, in-depth investigation of the "shortage of migrant workers" truth.

Did industrial workers win respect?

Zhang Lili, a migrant worker from Anhui, went out to work in Shanghai at the age of 19.

"It's been a few years since I stayed outside, and I've been working very hard, especially when I'm sick and my family members are not around."

Zhang Lili said.

Before the Spring Festival this year, Zhang Lili had to leave Shanghai in order to take care of the school children, and returned to Anhui, Fuyang, through his relatives.

"Now that the factory has been built, it will never go out again."

Zhang Lili told the reporter with gratification, "it's much harder outside than home."

If you don't work hard, your child can't go to school, and the price is too high, so you can't afford to spend money on everything you go out.

In their hometown, these provinces have been able to take care of the elderly, children and take care of the crops in the field.

In the interview, the reporter learned that more than 70% of Zhang Lili's colleagues now came from "the returning migrant workers" from the economically developed areas in the eastern coastal areas.

It is precisely because of the large number of migrant workers returning home that the labor shortage in the economically developed coastal areas of the eastern coastal areas is caused.

In fact, faced with the menacing "labor shortage" in the eastern coastal areas, the experts clearly pointed out that enterprises can only cope with the improvement of treatment and lowering the threshold, which may achieve a temporary effect, but it can not fundamentally solve the problem.

The fundamental way to break the "labor shortage" is to accelerate the process of "industrial workers" of migrant workers.

According to a survey data released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, migrant workers accounted for 57.6% of the second industries in the country, including 68% of the processing and manufacturing industry, 80% of the construction industry, 52% of the third employees in the whole country, 90% of the urban construction, environmental protection, family management and catering service personnel.

As early as early 2004, in the central document No.1, it was clearly identified that "migrant workers entering cities for employment have become an important part of industrial workers".

Then, in January 2006, the State Council's opinions on solving the problem of migrant workers once again fully affirmed the historical status and role of migrant workers. "Migrant workers are a new type of labor force emerging in the process of China's reform, opening up, industrialization and urbanization. They have made significant contributions to urban prosperity, rural development and national modernization."

The hard work of migrant workers has created huge social wealth and bears the most tired, bitter, dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in cities. However, most enterprises still do not regard migrant workers as stable industrial workers.

Compared with the urban industrial workers, they can not enjoy proper political, economic and social treatment. They are free from social security and are at the bottom of the city.

Experts believe that no household registration, children's schooling are subject to various restrictions and unfair treatment, as well as excessive consumption level, poor living environment, high rent, high housing prices, and even the unwarranted accusation and discrimination of townspeople.

To accelerate the process of "industrial workers" of migrant workers, the government needs to adjust urban management policies as soon as possible, deepen the reform of household registration system, and provide necessary conditions for migrant workers to integrate into cities and towns.

At the same time, we should improve the political, economic and social benefits of migrant workers, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers, and enable them to live respectfully in cities like citizens.

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Some experts believe that the new round of large scale "

It is precisely because most enterprises lack the long-term mechanism of employment, which makes migrant workers lack of sense of security and stability, resulting in the mobility of migrant workers, which leads to seasonal or temporary labor shortage.

In fact, the "shortage of migrant workers" did not exist this year. It had already appeared before the financial crisis.

It was confined to the Pearl River Delta region, but not elsewhere.

But this year's "shortage of migrant workers" is particularly serious, and even spread to the central and western regions.

In addition to the large social employment environment factors, this is closely related to the management system and management method of the employing enterprises.

"In 1996, when I was 16 years old, I went to Guangdong to work. My salary was very low, only 300~400 yuan.

Life was very difficult at that time, two meals a day, not enough to eat, and often work overtime, making people tired and hungry.

In order to save money, I often go to bed without supper. "

Facing reporters, Li Manxia, who worked abroad all year round, could not help but feel moist in his eyes.

"In 2005, I went to Beijing to make electronic products," she said.

In Beijing, the piecework wage was about 1000 yuan, and somehow solved the problem of food and clothing, and no longer starved.

It has been more than 10 years since I went out to work, although I have earned a bit of hard-earned money, but almost all my memories are bitter memories.

Obviously, Li Manxia's experience is a common experience of the last generation of migrant workers.

In the central province of Anhui, the reporters found in the field interview that after the Spring Festival, the number of migrant workers returning to factories reached more than 80%, or even higher, and the recruitment of new workers was relatively easy. The enterprises with low wage and low production and living environment generally had a shortage of workers after the Spring Festival, and the vacant labor rate was 30% to 60%.

Some experts believe that

Therefore, experts suggest that enterprises should reasonably raise the pay level of migrant workers, improve their working and living conditions, create more opportunities for on-the-job training and spare time learning, and support their pursuit of self-development.

Learn to attract people with good prestige, truly care for warm people, good treatment and retention, and good environment for training people.

"To solve the shortage of labor, enterprises must improve their employees' treatment and implement humane management so as to retain workers."

Bei Jianying, an entrepreneur from Changshu, Jiangsu, invested and built factories in Anhui and Fuyang, told reporters.

According to Bei Jianying, the living conditions of their factory workers are quite good. There are up to 3~4 people in each dormitory, and there are various cultural and recreational facilities.

Their factory began implementing social security last year.

At present, more than 90% of their workers have worked for more than six months, and their mobility is very small.

"Employees who can work for more than two months in our company can basically solve social security problems such as" five risks and one gold ".

If employees are given social security, the workforce will be more stable.

Xie Jun from Anhui Kele company management thinks.

Zhang Jianfa, a professional manager of an enterprise in Fuyang, said: "the textile industry we are engaged in is labor-intensive, with great intensity of work and great mobility of employees.

Our factory is mainly to improve the treatment of workers to stabilize employees, from food, housing, spiritual and cultural aspects to encourage every worker to deal with social insurance, reduce mobility.

"I think solving labor shortage is more important to change the way of thinking and improve the employment situation with technological innovation.

For example, the use of high-tech means to improve the level of automation to reduce the number of employees.

Zhang Jianfa said.

In fact, many enterprises have soberly realized that behind the shortage of workers is the pressure of industrial upgrading in the labor intensive enterprises based on human sea warfare.

Only by speeding up the upgrading of production technology and changing the concept of employing enterprises can enterprises get rid of the embarrassment of shortage of migrant workers.