Textile Industry: Cotton Textile Enterprises With Low Profit Can Not Afford To Eat.

In recent years, the employment problem of cotton textile enterprises is becoming increasingly prominent. The trend of normalization and expansion of "labor shortage" is becoming more and more obvious. The rapid rise of labor costs has also made it impossible for small profit cotton textile enterprises.

In the China Cotton Textile Industry Association Council and the second China South Korea Cotton Textile Conference, how to deal with the pressure of employment has become the most concentrated topic of enterprise leaders.

As pointed out by Wang Tiankai, vice president of the China Textile Industry Association, " Labor shortage "It reflects the urgency of accelerating the transformation of development mode, and the survival state of cotton textile enterprises needs to be changed through adjustment and upgrading. The rapid rise of labor costs has gradually become the normal shortage of labor shortage, and is forcing enterprises to transform and upgrade.

In the long run, the rise of labor costs in China is an inevitable trend. In order to solve the problem of employment and strengthen technological transformation, we can solve the problem of labor difficulties fundamentally by using advanced equipment to improve production efficiency, reduce employment, and gradually get rid of over reliance on labor force and strive to transform from labor-intensive to technology intensive. To achieve this transformation, we must start with equipment transformation, upgrading management and improving personnel quality.

Rising costs are still hard to recruit.

According to the results of the survey conducted by the China Cotton Textile Industry Association at the beginning of this year in the cotton textile industry gathering area, the wages and welfare levels of cotton textile enterprises have risen sharply in recent years. But in Henan, Hebei, Hubei and other areas where labor is relatively abundant, cotton spinning enterprises still face the problem of labor shortage. In order to improve the working environment, living environment and raise wages, enterprises are attracting workers for full insurance and provident fund, free shuttle bus service, and so on. Even so, recruitment difficulties still exist. Small and medium enterprises in some areas have small increases in wages and are underemployed after a year. Some enterprises in Hubei only have about 50% operating rate.

Shandong area 2010 cotton spinning Wages rose by an average of 20% or so. Many local workers chose to work locally, and the number of workers in the South decreased and employment was relatively stable. Most enterprises have a higher rate of return to employees, and the rate of operation after the festival can reach more than 90%. At present, the gap of general practitioners is small, but the shortage of technical personnel such as design, research and development has hindered enterprises from upgrading their design concepts and developing high value-added products. For the future recruitment situation, enterprises generally hold pessimism. In the Hubei area, the local workers and the surrounding counties and cities accounted for more than 90% of the workers' structure, and a small number of workers came from other provinces. Cotton textile enterprises give workers a general salary increase of 10%~30%, but the wage level of local workers is still low, excluding insurance. The wages of workers are generally less than 2000 yuan, and some areas do not reach 60% of the local average wage. At present, the staff of cotton spinning enterprises are generally older. Some enterprises have to maintain four classes and three operations to reduce workers' labor intensity. According to the different nature of work, some enterprises also try to run four classes three and three classes two. When visiting China's Cotton Textile Industry Association, there are job recruitment information at the gate of the visiting enterprises, and some enterprises have a large gap in employment.

Average wage level of cotton textile industry is lower than others. manufacturing industry This is the direct cause of the shortage of labor. Cotton textile enterprises have high labor intensity, high temperature and humidity, high noise and frequent night shifts. The age structure of workers in cotton textile enterprises is generally large, and people over the age of 40 occupy a higher proportion. After 80 and 90, young people tend to choose lower paid restaurants, supermarkets and other service industries, and do not want to enter the three class textile enterprises. Improving the working environment and improving the treatment of workers has become an urgent problem to be solved. The introduction of enterprises in the future will face severe challenges.

Application of advanced equipment to relieve pressure

Hua Guanxiong, vice president of China Cotton Textile Industry Association, believes that the current labor costs of enterprises are rising significantly and employment is also more intense. In this situation, cotton textile enterprises should pay more attention to tap their potential and reduce the number of workers. In order to reduce employment, Hua Guan, who has rich experience in enterprise management, has put forward five main measures. The first is to use advanced equipment to reduce employment and speed up the upgrading of equipment. He believes that before the enterprise renovation and upgrading equipment may only focus on improving the output and quality of products, and the current attention should also be paid to the promotion of equipment to the employment level.

In fact, many enterprises have eased the pressure of employment through equipment renewal and technological transformation, and have achieved good results. In Hubei, the advantages of Jihua 3542, Galaxy textile and other advantages are good. Wuhan Jiangnan Industrial Company has invested a lot of money in equipment renewal and technological transformation with the opportunity of moving into the garden. 60 thousand new spindles with automatic doffer and automatic winding equipment have been put into production. In the cotton spinning equipment, the blowing carding unit, the collective doffing spinning frame, the automatic winding machine, the thick and thin connection and the fine connection can save labor significantly.

Ring spinning frame is a large quantity of equipment in cotton spinning production process. It is also the focus of the labor force and the intensity of labor in textile enterprises. The spinning long car with collective doffing is an important link in improving the productivity of cotton spinning enterprises. At present, most of the textile enterprises in China adopt hand doffing, and every doffing worker takes great workload every day. The use of long spinning cars with collective doffing can not only greatly reduce doffing labor, but also greatly reduce labor intensity. Therefore, in recent years, the proportion of spinning machines in domestic cotton spinning enterprises has gradually increased. Shandong Sanyang textile company introduced 174 ORICO Green Ze 360 spinning frames in 2007. At present, there are only 28 employees in the long spinning workshop of the company, which is far below the average level of the industry.

The effect of using automatic winding machine to reduce employment is also remarkable. According to the introduction of the 10000 spindle matching platform, it is necessary to use 5 sets of common winders, 4 for each unit, and 60 for the three class. After adopting the automatic winder, the 10000 spindles can be reduced to 3 sets. Each device needs 1 workers only, 9~10 workers for 10000 spindles, and more than 50 workers per 10000 spindles, which effectively relieves the difficulty of recruitment for textile enterprises.

On the other hand, cotton textile enterprises can reduce employment through technological improvements. With the upgrading of the equipment level, enterprises can greatly improve the technology according to the actual production practice, and use the new technologies such as large coil, large drafting, large barrel and high weight to improve production efficiency and reduce employment.

Scientific management to reduce employment and rely on {page_ Break}

According to the findings of the China Cotton Textile Industry Association, there is a great disparity in the level of employment among cotton textile enterprises. Some enterprises employ more than 150 workers, and some even reach 180, while advanced enterprises employ less than 30 workers. The reasons for such a gap are not only hardware factors such as equipment level, but also closely related to the level of enterprise management and staff quality. Improving staff quality and basic management level and optimizing the organizational structure can reduce labor costs and reduce dependence on labor.

According to the introduction, the productivity of different employees can be 8~10 times different. Skilled workers work longer hours, skilled, and understand certain professional knowledge and operation skills, can bring better benefits for enterprises. But skilled workers need time to develop, and enterprises need to work hard in skills training. Many textile enterprises are unwilling to undertake the cost of training workers. In fact, strengthening staff training and stabilizing workforce are more conducive to reducing labor costs. In addition, even if the advanced equipment is used, it is necessary to ensure that the equipment is in good condition to achieve better results. Improving the quality of maintenance personnel and improving the state of equipment will also help reduce the number of workers.

Whether equipment status, process management, personnel quality and basic level of management are inseparable, to reduce employment and rely on the improvement of basic management level. The realization of network and electronic management can improve management efficiency, reduce management personnel, avoid overstaffing, reduce human factors in management and reduce dependence on people.

In short, the level of employment reflects the level of enterprise's equipment, technology and management. The reduction of employment also reflects the transformation of the way of enterprise development. Only by adjusting and upgrading can we solve the problem of employment.