Cotton Textile Industry: Transformation, Efficiency Increase And Differential Development

Textile is a labor-intensive industry. When it comes to textile mills, people always think that women textile workers are busy in white sheets.

Now, this traditional image is quietly changing. In Wuxi Yimian, there are only more than 100 people in a spinning workshop. Relying on 90000 sensors, ERP system and e-commerce, the whole factory has achieved a good integration of informatization and textile production, management and operation. The machine is running at full speed, and the yarn is flying on the spindle. In some places, no one can even be seen. Through continuous process reengineering and work method innovation, this enterprise with a history of more than 90 years has expanded its scale by five times, but the number of workers has been greatly reduced, and the number of workers for 10000 ingots is only 18.

The development of Wuxi Yimian reflects the Adjust and upgrade The way: from extensive scale expansion to comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, with technological innovation, product innovation, mechanism innovation, system innovation, and management innovation to solve the difficulties of recruitment, increased labor costs, and squeezed corporate profits.

　 Transformation and efficiency increase from big to strong

Since 2000, China Cotton textile industry It entered another high-speed development period. In the eight years from 2001 to 2008 alone, the national ring spinning frames increased by more than 52 million spindles, more than the sum of the previous decades. "120 million ring spinning, 2.32 million rotor spinning and 1.26 million looms". With such a set of data, the spinning production capacity of China's cotton textile industry has exceeded 50% of the global total, and no one can shake the status of a major cotton textile country.

However, the extensive development model, which only focuses on scale expansion, has also brought various drawbacks. The first is the shortage of raw materials. From 2001 to 2007, China's yarn output grew at an annual rate of 17.5%, and the demand for cotton continued to rise, resulting in a large gap in cotton supply. Secondly, the rapid expansion of production capacity has increased the consumption of power and other energy. In addition, the tight supply of cotton has driven the demand for viscose fiber, polyester and other chemical fiber products, increasing the pressure on environmental governance.

Under this situation, the relevant government departments and industry associations actively call for and guide the cotton textile industry to take a new path of industrialization to achieve scientific development: we can not only focus on the growth of quantity and capacity, but must eliminate backward capacity to achieve industrial upgrading.

Under the influence of internal and external pressure, cotton textile enterprises rely on scientific and technological progress to promote industrial restructuring. In the past 10 years, modern cotton textile production technology has been popularized and applied: increase the application of advanced equipment, tap the potential of equipment, realize high-speed and high-yield spinning and weaving, and ensure high-quality products; The application scope of new cotton textile technology has gradually expanded. The application of compact spinning technology, air jet spinning, vortex spinning and rotor spinning technology has produced new varieties of yarns with different styles for downstream processes, which not only meets the market demand, but also brings good benefits to enterprises; The integration technology of industrialization and industrialization promotes enterprises to establish a rapid response mechanism; The standardization construction has been continuously strengthened.

In the past 10 years, the structure of cotton textile products has been further optimized: new product categories have gradually increased, products have become more refined and functional, and added value has increased; With the increase of the proportion of advanced technology and equipment, the product quality is gradually improved; The proportion of new product output value has increased year by year. At the same time, by promoting less and no PVA sizing, fiber recycling and reuse, improving dyeing technology to reduce pollution, actively promoting wastewater recovery, and promoting the development of circular economy.

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　　 Identify and position the differential development

The external environment fluctuates and the market situation changes rapidly. In the past 10 years, the development of China's cotton textile industry has shown a wave like upward trend. However, no matter at the peak or at the bottom, some advantageous enterprises have maintained steady development. After careful analysis of successful cotton textile enterprises, it can be found that these enterprises can be divided into several types.

One is the quality type, and Anhui Huamao Group is the representative. Huamao Group is famous at home and abroad for its strict quality management and high-quality products, In recent years, adhere to the principle of "excellent quality, low cost, high labor productivity and good economic benefits" ". Over the years, Huamao Group has cooperated with the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to study the raw materials of medium staple cotton, which has improved the yarn quality; the spinning equipment has been technically transformed, so that the yarn quality has reached the level of 5%~25% in the 2007 Ulster Bulletin. Advanced technology has become an important guarantee for the quality of Huamao's innovative products.

The second type is technical, represented by Shandong Lutai Textile Co., Ltd. As the world's largest supplier of high-grade yarn dyed fabrics, Lutai has made great achievements in independent innovation after its capacity expansion strategy was completed to lead the technological development of the industry and focus more on technology research and development. Advanced technology and equipment have realized the high added value of products, and the company's new product profit margin has reached more than 28%.

The third type is the variety type. Shandong Dezhou Huayuan Ecological Technology Co., Ltd. can be regarded as a typical one. Huayuan Ecological Co., Ltd. is not large, but its technology and management level are first-class. It has advanced textile equipment in China and is equipped with world-class textile equipment and accessories. Guided by the market demand, the company has successfully developed functional new yarns such as Modal, Tencel, bamboo fiber, moisture absorption and sweat wicking fiber, lightweight thermal insulation fiber, cuprammonia fiber, heating fiber, nylon fiber, soybean fiber and cashmere. It can produce more than 70 varieties every day, truly realizing small batch and multiple varieties. The products are sold all over China and exported to South Korea, Japan and other countries and regions, enjoying good reputation, with an average profit margin of 10%.

In fact, there are a number of advantageous enterprises in the cotton textile industry. They have different positioning and characteristics, but they have outstanding advantages in quality, technology and variety development, forming a strong core competitiveness, thus realizing Sustainable development 。 Statistics show that about 30% of the 12000 cotton textile enterprises account for 90% of the industry profits. With the further concentration of resources to advantageous enterprises, the transformation of China's cotton textile industry structure is accelerating.